2020新人教版2020-2021学年必修第一册Unit4 Natural disaster双基训练金卷（一）.docx

1、 2020-2021 学年高一上学期训练卷 必修一 Unit4 Natural disasters 英英 语语 （一）（一） （本卷满分 100 分） 一、单词拼写（每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 1. Men must consider eating, drinking, clothing and finding (避难所) before they can pursue entertainment and recreation. 2. The small action of littering may lead to (灾难) for small animals and their livi

2、ng environment. 3. Due to the (旱灾) in Southwest China, millions of people had to carry water from far away places. 4. The news of the (火山爆发) in Indonesia is being broadcast and I want to listen. 5. What I learn about this violence is that it has caused at least three (死亡). 6. While I was cooking sup

3、per, the (电) went off. 7. Please write me a of this report. 8. As we all know, fish cannot b out of water. 9. Fortunately somebody who happened to be passing by called the e aid immediately the traffic accident occurred. 10. The driver who died in the accident could have s , but he was sent to hospi

4、tal too late. 二、单项选择（每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 11. A few weeks later, the first buildings _ had been damaged were repaired. A. which B. that C. where D. in which 12. Anything _ could be found has been used to repair the damaged bridge. A. which B. that C. what D. 不填 13. Past winners of the Nobel Prize in ph

5、ysics, _ has now been awarded 210 times, have been honored for their important discoveries. A. who B. what C. that D. which 14. Opportunity and luck always shows appreciation for those _ are bold in struggling. A. who B. that C. whom D. which 15. The helicopter arrived on the scene quickly to the su

6、rvivors. A. keep B. rescue C. shake D. protect 16. The U.S. state of California has _ a heavy flood for a whole week since June, which brought dangerous conditions to many Californians. A. affected B. contained C. suffered D. ruined 17. Jackson is cheerful about his life _ he is suffering from cance

7、r. A. even if B. as long as C. as if D. ever since 18. Havent you heard the news? What news? Some of the workers are on _ march while others on _ strike. A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; / 19. The _ of the harmful chemicals on the worlds lakes and oceans has raised awareness of the public. A. e

8、ffect B. effort C. donation D. distribution 20. A new study shows older men _ a lack of deep sleep are nearly twice as likely to develop high blood pressure. A. suffering for B. who is suffering C. who suffer from D. who suffer to 三、翻译句子（每小题 3 分，共 15 分） 21. 你认识我们在学校里遇见的那个老师吗? （定语从句） _ 22. 饮酒和吸烟会损害你的

9、健康。 （do damage to） _ 23. 我没法靠 20 英镑生活一周。（survive） _ 24. 护士忙于安抚那个惊恐的孩子。 _ 25. 大批饥民涌入了这个地区。（flood into） _ 四、阅读理解（每小题 2.5 分，共 10 分） JERUSALEM Israels Environmental Protection Ministry asked citizens Wednesday to avoid 此卷只装订不密封 班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 unnecessary physical activity and stay indoors, as a seri

10、ous sandstorm struck the Middle East in a thick yellow haze(霾) for a second day with no hope to see things clearly. The ministry said heavy levels of dust and sand in the air were a threat to cities throughout the country. The ministrys website advised pregnant women, the elderly and those with hear

11、t and respiratory(呼吸的) conditions to stay indoors, and asked schools to keep children indoors. The emergency service Magen David Adom reported that it has treated more than 300 Israelis suffering from breathing problems, and that hospitals have more respiratory-related patients(呼吸道疾病患 者), including

12、a large number of the elderly and those with asthma(哮喘) and related conditions. The domestic Israeli airlines Arkia and Israir continued to ground their flights to Eilat because of reduced visibility. The sandstorm has affected Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Lebanon and Syria, where at least five deaths have

13、been reported. “There has been nothing that came close to the magnitude(巨大) of this sandstorm,” said Daniel Rosenfeld, a professor with the Institute of Earth Sciences at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. “While Israel has experienced a number of sandstorms in the past, they started from the Sinai

14、 Desert and the Sahara Desert to the south and were joined by winter windstorms that cleared the air,” he said. In this case, the storm comes from Syria and Iraq to the north and east. Because the storm is hitting during the summer, at a time of both little wind and severe heat and humidity, forecas

15、ters expect the particles(沙) to remain in the air throughout the weekend and possibly into next week. “This is really puzzling,” said Rosenfeld, adding that he and his colleague will conduct research into the origins of the unprecedented (前所未有的) storm. 26. Whats the probable meaning of the underline

16、d word “ground” in Paragraph 4? A. add B. reduce C. cancel D. fuel 27. It can be learned from the text that the sandstorm _. A. happened in winter B. showed no sign of weakening C. came from Syria and Iraq to the south D. could clear the air 28. How did Rosenfeld feel about the origins of the storm?

17、 A. Confused. B. Upset. C. Confident. D. Happy. 29. Where does the text probably come from? A. a novel. B. a news story. C. a geography book. D. a travel guide. 五、完形填空（每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） Children need to be prepared for an earthquake as much as adults, if not more. For babies and children, special 30

18、 should be paid to making their 31 as safe as possible. Their beds should be placed away from 32 and tall, unsteady bookcases and shelves that could 33 down. At the very least a 72-hour 34 of extra water, bottles, food, juices, clothing, plenty of diapers(尿 布), baby wipes and ready medicines should

19、be 35 where it is most likely to get 36 an earthquake. Also keep an extra diaper bag with these things in your car. Store baby cars, blankets and baby beds with right wheels to put babies in to leave in time, if 37 . Set soft pads(垫子) in baby beds or baby cars to 38_ babies during the shaking. By ag

20、e three or so, children can 39 what an earthquake is and how to get _40_ for one. Take the time to explain the 41 of earthquakes and their damage _42 what theyll understand. Include your children in family discussions and planning for earthquake 43 . Take drills and 44 safety procedures(步骤) every si

21、x months. Show children the safest places to be in each room when an earthquake hits. Also show them all 45 exits from each room. Teach children what to do 46_ they are during an earthquake (at school, in a tall building, outdoors). 47 childrens emergency cards at school are up-to-date. 48 children

22、should not reach any gas equipment, its important that they know what gas smells like. Advise children to tell a(n) 49 if they smell gas after an earthquake. 30. A. advice B. warning C. attention D. help 31. A. environments B. stations C. gardens D. sports 32. A. doors B. walls C. desks D. windows 3

23、3. A. break B. fall C. fold D. put 34. A. supply B. number C. amount D. deal 35. A. taken B. left C. stored D. bought 36. A. before B. during C. since D. after 37. A. important B. necessary C. easy D. harmful 38. A. protect B. lay C. relax D. drive 39. A. call B. understand C. expect D. guess 40. A.

24、 worried B. eager C. excited D. ready 41. A. event B. effect C. result D. cause 42. A. according to B. because of C. in spite of D. thanks to 43. A. reason B. result C. safety D. truth 44. A. practise B. review C. copy D. teach 45. A. similar B. different C. equal D. possible 46. A. wherever B. what

25、ever C. whenever D. whoever 47. A. Make sense B. Work out C. Make sure D. Set down 48. A. Although B. Because C. If D. Besides 49. A. person B. adult C. stranger D. friend 六、书面表达（共 20 分） 假定你是李华，从网上得知你的美国朋友 Phil 的家乡遭受龙卷风(tornado)袭击。请你写封邮件 安慰他。内容包括: 1. 说明情况； 2. 询问灾情，表示安慰。 注意：1. 词数 100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以

26、使行文连贯。 Dear Phil, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Yours, Li Hua 2020-2021 学年高一上学期训练卷 必修一 Unit4 Natural disasters 英英 语语 （一）（一） 一、单词拼写（每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 1. shelter 2. disaster 3. drought 4. volcanic eruption 5. deaths 6. electricity 7. summary 8. breathe 9. emergency 10. survived 二、单项选择（每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 11.【答案】B 【解析】考查定

27、语从句。句意：几周后，第一批受损的建筑物被修复。此处 buildings 是先行词，指 物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，且序数词修饰先行词，用 that 引导定语从句，故选 B 项。 12.【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：任何能找到的东西都已经被用来修理损坏的桥梁。句中先行词为 anything，在定语从句中作主语，故只能用关系词 that，故选 B 项。 13.【答案】D 【解析】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：由于取得的重大发现，过去的诺贝尔物理学奖得主被授予 荣誉称号。该奖项截止目前已经颁发了 210 次。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词 the Nobel Prize i

28、n physics 在从句 _ has now been awarded 210 times 中充当主语，故用关系代词， 而在非限制性定语从句中不能使用 that，故用 which。故选 D 项。 14.【答案】A 【解析】 考查定语从句关系词。 句意： 机会和运气总是青睐那些敢于奋斗的人。 先行词 those 指代人， 在从句 _ are bold in struggling 中充当主语，应用关系代词 who/that，但先行词是 those 时为了避 免重复，不用 that。故选 A 项。 15.【答案】B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：直升飞机迅速赶到现场营救幸存者。A. keep：保持；

29、B. rescue：营 救；C. shake：摇动；D. protect：保护。根据 on the scene“在现场”和 survivors“幸存者”，可知这里指 “营救”人。故选 B。 16.【答案】C 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：美国加利福尼亚州自 6 月以来连续一周遭遇特大洪水，置许多当地 人于危险境地。A. affected：受影响；B. contained：包括；C. suffered：忍受，遭受；D. ruined：毁灭。 根据句意，遭遇了特大洪灾。故选 C 项。 17.【答案】A 【解析】 考查连词。 A. even if：即使，虽然；B. as long as： 只要； C.

30、 as if：似乎， 好像； D. ever since： 从那时起。句意：虽然杰克逊身患癌症，但他对生活很乐观。两句之间是让步关系，故选 A。 18.【答案】B 【解析】考查固定短语。on the march：在行军，在游行；on strike：在罢工。故选 B。 19.【答案】A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：有害化学物质对世界湖泊和海洋的影响提高了公众（对于环保）的 意识。A. effect：影响；B. effort：努力；C. donation：捐赠；D. distribution：分配。根据句意选 A。 20.【答案】C 【解析】现在分词、定语从句都可作定语，但是表达“遭受”要用 su

31、ffer 或者 suffer from；所以排 除 A、D 两个选项，B 选项 who is suffering 中的 who 指的是 men 要用动词 are，所以只能选 C，who suffer from 相当于分词 suffering from 的作用。 三、翻译句子（每小题 3 分，共 15 分） 21.Do you know the teacher (whom/who/that) we met in the school? 22.Drinking and smoking can do damage to your health. 23.I cant survive on 20 a w

32、eek. 24.The nurse was busy calming the frightened child. 25.Large numbers of hungry people flooded into the area. 四、阅读理解（每小题 2.5 分，共 10 分） 【答案】26-29 CBAB 【解析】本文属于新闻，介绍以色列遭受一场沙尘暴的袭击，环保部警告人们尽量不要外出，与此 同时医院接待呼吸类病人增多，航班减少，该情况预计持续到周末，其背后原因气候学家还没有弄 清楚。 26. 词义猜测题。根据第四段“The domestic Israeli airlines Arkia an

33、d Israir continued to ground their flights to Eilat because of reduced visibility.”中的“because of reduced visibility”可知，由于能见度降低， 因而可推测以色列的航班禁止飞行，故选 C。 27. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Because the storm is hitting during the summer, at a time of both little wind and severe heat and humidity, forecasters expect the p

34、articles(沙) to remain in the air throughout the weekend and possibly into next week.”可知，由于本次沙尘暴发生在夏季，风很小，天气炎热，湿 度很低，因此预测沙尘暴持续到周末，甚至到下周。可知，此次沙尘暴没有显示出减缓的迹象，故 选 B。 28. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“ This is really puzzling, said Rosenfeld”可知 Rosenfeld对此持疑 惑的态度，故选 A。 29. 推理判断题。文章介绍以色列遭受一场沙尘暴的袭击，环保部警告人们尽量不要外出，与 此同时医院接待呼吸

35、类病人增多，航班减少，该情况预计持续到周末，其背后原因气候学家还没有 弄清楚。可知本文属于新闻，故选 B。 五、完形填空（每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 【答案】30-34 CADBA 35-39 CDBAB 40-44 DDACB 45-49 DACAB 【解析】本文叙述的是，孩子们需要像成人一样为地震做好准备。 30. 考查名词。A. advice 建议；B. warning 警告；C. attention 关注；D. help帮助。固定词组： pay attention to 注意，重视。此句中是被动语态，故选 C。 31. 考查名词。A. environments 环境；B. st

36、ations 车站；C. gardens 花园；D. sports 运动。对于 婴儿和儿童，成人应该特别注意让他们周遭环境尽可能的安全。故选 A。 32. 考查名词。A. doors 门；B. walls 墙；C. desks 桌子；D. windows窗户。他们的床应该远离 窗户和高高的、不稳定的可能会倒塌的书柜。根据句意可知选 D。 33. 考查动词。A. break 打破；B. fall 落下；C. fold 折叠；D. put放。他们的床应该远离窗户和 高高的、不稳定的可能会倒塌的书柜。fall down倒塌，故选 B。 34. 考查名词。A. supply供应；B. number 号

37、码，数字；C. amount 数量；D. deal交易。至少足 够支撑 72 小时的额外供水、瓶子、食物、果汁、衣服、大量的尿布、婴儿湿巾和现成的药品都应该 储存在地震后最有可能拿到的地方。可知答案为 A。 35. 考查动词。A. taken 拿走；B. left 离开；C. stored 储存；D. bought 买。至少足够支撑 72 小 时的额外供水、瓶子、食物、果汁、衣服、大量的尿布、婴儿湿巾和现成的药品都应该储存在地震 后最有可能拿到的地方。可知答案为 C。 36. 考查连词。 A. before 在. .之前； B. during 在. .期间； C. since自从. .以来；

38、D. after在. . 之后。至少足够支撑 72 小时的额外供水、瓶子、食物、果汁、衣服、大量的尿布、婴儿湿巾和现成 的药品都应该储存在地震后最有可能拿到的地方。可知答案为 D。 37. 考查形容词。A. important 重要的；B. necessary 必要的；C. easy 容易的； D. harmful 有 害的。如果有必要的话，把带有合适轮子的婴儿车、毯子和婴儿床储存起来，让婴儿借助这些工具 及时离开，故选 B。 38. 考查动词。A. protect 保护；B. lay 放置；C. relax 放松；D. drive 驱使。在婴儿床或婴儿车 中放置软垫，为了在地震时保护婴儿。故

39、选 A。 39. 考查动词。A. call 打电话；B. understand明白，理解；C. expect 期盼，预测；D. guess猜测。 到三岁左右，孩子们就能理解地震是什么，以及如何为地震做好准备。故选 B。 40. 考查形容词。A. worried 担忧的；B. eager 渴望的；C. excited 兴奋的；D. ready有准备的。 到三岁左右，孩子们就能理解地震是什么，以及如何为地震做好准备。get ready for 为. .做准备， 故选 D。 41. 考查名词。A. event 活动；B. effect 影响；C. result 结果；D. cause原因。花些时间解

40、释地 震的原因以及在他们所能理解的范畴内地震可能造成的损失。可知答案为 D。 42. 考查词组。A. according to 根据；B. because of 因为；C. in spite of 尽管； D. thanks to多亏 了，由于。花些时间解释地震的原因以及在他们所能理解的范畴内地震可能造成的损失。故选 A。 43. 考查名词。A. reason理由；B. result结果；C. safety 安全；D. truth 真理，事实。让你的孩子 参加家庭讨论制定地震安全计划。根据句意可知答案为 C。 44. 考查动词。A. practise 练习；B. review复习；C. cop

41、y复制，复印；D. teach教。每六个月进 行一次演习，检查安全程序。故选 B。 45. 考查形容词。A. similar 相似的；B. different不相同的；C. equal平等的；D. possible 可能的。 也要让他们知道每个房间可能的逃生出口。故选 D。 46. 考查让步状语从句引导词。 A. wherever 无论哪里； B. whatever 无论什么； C. whenever 无 论什么时候；D. whoever 无论谁。教孩子们在地震来临时，不论他们身处何地（学校、高的建筑楼、 户外）都应该做的事情。根据句意可知选 A。 47. 考查动词词组。A. Make sen

42、se有意义，讲得通；B. Work out 解决，算出；C. Make sure 确 保；D. Set down记下。确保孩子们在学校的急救卡的信息是最新的。可知答案为 C。 48. 考查状语从句引导词。A. Although 尽管；B. Because因为；C. If 如果；D. Besides另外。虽 然孩子们不应该接触任何燃气设备，但重要的是要让他们知道天然气是什么味道。根据句意可知答 案为 A。 49. 考查名词。A. person 人；B. adult 成年人；C. stranger 陌生人；D. friend朋友。建议孩子在 地震后闻到煤气味，及时告诉大人。故选 B。 六、书面表达

43、（共 20 分） Dear Phil, Im sorry to learn about from the Internet that your hometown was struck by the tornado the day before yesterday. According to the video of the report, the tornado was so strong that it brought about a lot of losses. Many houses were destroyed and worse still, many people were inj

44、ured or some even killed. Seeing the disaster, I have been worried about you and your family. Im anxious to know your present situations. Please tell me what you experienced these days. I know that help has already arrived. I hope that everything is all right for you! Im looking forward to hearing from you! Yours, Li Hua