2020新人教版高中英语Book1unit4定语从句.ppt

1、人教高中英语必修一人教高中英语必修一Unit 4 The Attributive Clause 定语从句定语从句 (一）一） 两个简单句子合成复合句两个简单句子合成复合句 2 句子句子 分类分类 句子根据结构分类句子根据结构分类 简单句简单句（五中简单基本句型）（五中简单基本句型） 并列句并列句 ( (简单句简单句+ +并列连词并列连词+ +简单句简单句) ) 复合句复合句 形容词性从句（定语从句）形容词性从句（定语从句） 副词性从句（状语从句）副词性从句（状语从句） 名词性从句名词性从句 主语从句主语从句 表语从句表语从句 宾语从句宾语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 3 1.1.何为定语从句？何

2、为定语从句？ 教学目标教学目标 2.2.定语从句常用关系词？定语从句常用关系词？ 3.3.定语从句的构成？定语从句的构成？ 4.4.先行词和关系词的关系先行词和关系词的关系? ? 5.5.定语从句的翻译？定语从句的翻译？ Attribute (定语定语) 1. He is an honest boy. 2. We love our country. 3. Whats your telephone number? 4. She is a beautiful girl. 修饰；限定修饰；限定 honest our telephone 找出下列句中的定语。找出下列句中的定语。 beautiful y

3、our The positions of the attribute: （定语的位置）（定语的位置） 1. She is a beautiful girl. 2. She is a girl with long hair. 3. She is a girl who is beautiful. 通常情况下，单个词通常情况下，单个词作定语时要放作定语时要放 于被修饰词的于被修饰词的前面前面，短语或从句短语或从句作作 定语时要放于被修饰词的定语时要放于被修饰词的后面后面。起。起 修饰限定的作用，译作“修饰限定的作用，译作“的”的” ( (美丽的美丽的) ) ( (长头发的长头发的) ) ( (美丽的

4、美丽的) ) 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做 定语从句（句意：“定语从句（句意：“的”）的”） 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“ 先行词先行词 ”。”。 引导定语从句的词叫“引导定语从句的词叫“ 关系词关系词 ”。”。 He is an English teacher who likes singing songs. 定语从句定语从句 先行词先行词 关系代词关系代词 关系词关系词 关系副词关系副词:wherewhenwhy 定语从句定语从句 关系代词：关系代词： who, whom, whose, which

5、, that, as 2.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句中的附加非限制性定语从句中的附加 信息可以省去信息可以省去,没有了附加信息没有了附加信息,我们仍能知道清楚我们仍能知道清楚 谈论的是谁谈论的是谁,什么事什么事,这样的从句这样的从句使用逗号使用逗号. e.g. He has a son , who has gone abroad for further study. 定语从句的定语从句的种类种类: 1.限限制性定语从句制性定语从句: 对先行词起修饰和限定作用对先行词起修饰和限定作用, 是不可缺少的成分是不可缺少的成分,没有了附加信息没有了附加信息,我们就不知道我们就不知

6、道 谈论的是谁或是什么事谈论的是谁或是什么事,在这样的从句中在这样的从句中不使用逗号不使用逗号. e.g. Those who respect others are usually respected by others. 定语从句的位置定语从句的位置 定语从句通常放在定语从句通常放在被修饰词之后被修饰词之后。 e.g. This is the car which he bought last year. 先行词先行词 定语从句定语从句 关系代词关系代词 关系词的三个作用关系词的三个作用: : 1. 引导定语从句。引导定语从句。 2. 代替先行词。代替先行词。 3. 在定语从句中担当一个句子成

7、分。在定语从句中担当一个句子成分。 9 I like the story which/that is moving _ 主句主句 _ 从句从句 3.3.定语从句的构成定语从句的构成（1 1） 简单句简单句+简单句简单句 主从复合句主从复合句 I like the story. The story is moving. 先行词 关系词做主语 10 I like the book . _ 主句主句 _ 从句从句 3.3.定语从句的构成定语从句的构成（2 2） 简单句简单句+简单句简单句 主从复合句主从复合句 I like the book. You gave me the book. 先行词 wh

8、ich/that you give me 关系词做宾语 11 This is the boy whose sister is a singer. _ 主句主句 _ 从句从句 3.3.定语从句的构成定语从句的构成（3 3） 简单句简单句+简单句简单句 主从复合句主从复合句 His 先行词 关系词做定语 the boy This is . sister is a singer. 12 4.先行词和关系词的关系先行词和关系词的关系? I like the story which/that is moving. I like the book which/that you gave me. 关系代词实

9、际上是先行词的关系代词实际上是先行词的复指复指 This is the boy whose sister is a singer. 关系代词关系代词whose实际上是先行词的实际上是先行词的所有格所有格 13 I know the boy. He can speak English well. I know the boy who can speak English well. that (2) This is the boy. I love him. This is the boywhom I love. that 5.5.合成句子练习合成句子练习 14 (3) A plane is a m

10、achine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. which (4) The dress is new. She is wearing it. The dress that she is wearing is new . which 5.5.合成句子合成句子 15 (5) I have a friend. His father is a teacher. I have a friend whose father is a teacher. 5.5.合成句子练习合成句子练习 关系词何时可以省略？关系词何时可以省略？ 作作宾语宾语时可以省

11、略。时可以省略。 但但介词提前介词提前时不能省略。时不能省略。 The one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night. 1. The one million people of the city went to bed as usual that night. 2. The one million people of the city thought little of these events. 练习：将下列两个句子合并成一个带定语从句的复

12、练习：将下列两个句子合并成一个带定语从句的复 合句合句 It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometres away. 1. It was heard in Beijing. 2. Beijing is one hundred kilometres away. A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals. 1. A huge crack cut across houses,

13、 roads and canals. 2. A huge crack was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide. The number of people who were killed or Injured reached more than 400, 000. 1. The number of people reached more than 400, 000. 2. The people were killed or injured. The army organized teams to dig out those who wer

14、e trapped and to bury the dead. 1. The army organized teams to dig out those people and to bury the dead. 2. Those people were trapped. 将下列句子分成两个简单句将下列句子分成两个简单句 19 6.定语从句的翻译 1. I know the boy. He can speak English well. 我知道我知道那个英语说得好的那个英语说得好的男孩男孩 2. Mary bought a bird. It was very pretty. Mary 买了一只买

15、了一只非常漂亮的非常漂亮的小鸟。小鸟。 I know the boy who/that can speak English well. Mary bought a bird which/that was very pretty. 20 6.6.定语从句的翻译定语从句的翻译 3. Summer is the season. It comes after spring. 4. I have a friend. His father is a teacher. Summer is the season which/that comes after spring. I have a friend wh

16、ose father is a teacher. 我有一个我有一个他的爸爸是老师的他的爸爸是老师的朋友朋友 夏季就是夏季就是来自春季之后的来自春季之后的季节季节. 英语书写中，英语书写中，定语从句放在先行词之定语从句放在先行词之后后； 译成汉语时，译成汉语时，定语从句放在先行词之定语从句放在先行词之前前。 翻译翻译ReadingReading 中含有定语从句中含有定语从句 的复合句的复合句 Before the earthquake But the one million people of the city, _ _ were asleep as usual that night. who

17、thought little of these events, During the earthquake It was felt in Beijing, _ _ which is more than 200 kilometers away. that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide A huge crack _ _ _ cut across houses, roads and canals. The number of people _ _ reached more than 400,000. who were killed

18、or injured another big quake _ _shook Tangshan. which was almost as strong as the first one Then, later that afternoon, After the earthquake The army organized teams to dig out those _ and to bury the dead. who were trapped Workers built shelters for survivors _. whose homes had been destroyed 关系代词用法关系代词用法 关系代词 指代 在从句中的作用 that which who whom whose (=of which/ whom) 人人/ /物物 主主/ /宾宾 主主/ /宾宾 主主 宾宾 定定 人人 人人 人物人物 物物 SummarySummary 31 Homework 1.把句子根据结构的分类及定把句子根据结构的分类及定 语从句有关的定义语从句有关的定义抄抄到课堂笔到课堂笔 记上，并能够记上，并能够背背诵。诵。 2.把第二个句子把第二个句子变变成第一个句成第一个句 子的定语从句并翻子的定语从句并翻译译。 3.完成完成29页的练习页的练习2