2021届高三英语一轮复习-语法填空2（含答案）.doc

1、(1) NASAs Hubble Space Telescope has captured a stunning image of a galaxys spiral pattern. A joint project of NASA and the European Space Agency, the Hubble telescope (1)_ (capture) a host of beautiful images since its launch in 1990. In its “its age of the day” on Friday, NASA highlighted an image

2、 of galaxy NGC 5468 that was caught by Hubble. The galaxy has been home to a number of explosions (2)_ occur when stars die. “Despite being just over 130 million light-years away, the orientation of the galaxy with respect to us makes (3)_easier to spot these new stars as they appear; we see NGC 546

3、8 face on, meaning that we can see the galaxys loose, open spiral pattern (4) _beautiful detail in images such as this one from the NASA/ ESA Hubble Space Telescope,” said the ESA, in a statement (5)_ (post) on NASAS website. (6)_ light-year, which measures distance in space, equals 6 trillion miles

4、. Last year, NASA showed off a remarkable image of a “ghost nebula” captured by the Hubble Space Telescope. The Hubble Space Telescope was launched abroad the Space Shuttle Discovery in 1990. NASA notes that the orbiting telescope was required (7)_ (last) 15 years, but has been in operation for more

5、 than 29 years. The Advanced Camera for Surveys was installed in 2002 but experienced a power supply failure in 2007. It was repaired by astronauts during a maintenance mission in 2009. Earlier this year, the telescope (8)_ (suffer) a camera fault after software was incorrectly loaded onto one of it

6、s key instruments. NASA partners (9)_the European Space Agency on the telescope, which(10)_(manage) from NASAs Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. (2) A baby giraffe named Jazz that became unlikely best friends with a dog after(1)_ (abandon) in the wild has died, the “heartbroken” Rh

7、ino Orphanage announced Friday on Facebook. Jazz collapsed on Thursday at the South African animal orphanage from hyphema coupled with brain hemorrhaging due to either a genetic defect (2)_an under-developed valve system, the orphanage said. “He couldnt regulate blood pressure to his brain and there

8、fore bleeding between the ventricles (心室) (3)_(occur), the orphanage wrote. All our efforts were in vain.” In this Friday file photo, Hunter, a young Belgian Malinois (马伦牧羊犬), keeps an eye on Jazz, a nine-day-old giraffe at the Rhino orphanage. (4)_ Jazz arrived at the orphanage at just three days o

9、ld, it befriended Hunter, who started looking after the newcomer. “Just when we thought it couldnt get any (5)_(sweet) and more heart-warming, this happened,” the video caption read. “The bond and understanding between Jazz the giraffe and Hunter is astonishing.” As Jazzs health began to worsen, Hun

10、ter knew (6)_was wrong. He suddenly stayed by the giraffes side, not going outside. Jazz took his last breath (7)_Hunter and all his human mommies by his side. Over the past couple of weeks, the orphanage had continued to give progress udpates on Jazz. A final photo after Jazzs passing showed Hunter

11、 in front of the closed door of the room (8)_they used to play. It received thousands of views and hundreds of comments expressing sadness for the giraffes passing and concern for (9)_ Hunter would handle the loss of his friend. In its post, the orphanage praised Hunters loyalty. “ He stayed (10)_th

12、e end and said his goodbyes,” it said. “Such a good boy,” adding that Hunter was doing well and would continue training to be a tracking dog. (3) Nearly 42,000 years ago, massive animals such as 6-foot-tall birds and 23-foot-long lizards could be seen wandering in the countryside. But a recent study

13、(1)_(find) that these megafauna (巨型动物) became extinct because of human intervention and climate change. The researchers, led by Dr. Frederik Saltre of Flinders University, used a variety of techniques to find human migration patterns in Australia. “We developed a complex mathematical technique (2)_(

14、solve) the problems of averaging timelines over landscapes,” he told Fox News. “Our approach extends the information (3)_(provide) by fossils from the extinct species themselves, and archaeological evidence from early aboriginal(土著的) people, and in this way we can create unbiased (无偏见的) maps of both

15、 the timings of megafauna extinctions and human arrival across the landscape.” Based on these new maps, the team of researchers was able to estimate the regions (4)_humans and megafauna coexisted. With most of Australia being dry, freshwater was a high priority for megafuna and humans, with its avai

16、lability being one of the main reasons (5)_ peoples migration patterns. Humans and megafauna would inevitably interact at watering holes, leaving the giant animals vulnerable to hunting, further (6) _(reduce) their numbers. In regions like Tasmania and south of South Australia and Victoria, humans n

17、ever coexisted with megafauna because they migrated across these areas (7)_ the megafauna had already gone extinct. This rules humans out as the likely driver of megafauna extinction in those regions only, but a closer look at climate change during this extinction event in these areas showed that me

18、gafauna species might have suffered from a (8)_ (short) of food in the form of plants-most of the species that went extinct were plant-eaters. However, there are so few fossilized animal samples in Australia due to the continents harsh conditions (9)_ reliable data is scarce. Some studies have been

19、restricted to making conclusions at the scale of single paleontological(古生物学的) sites, (10)_other studies have taken the opposite approach by including from across the entire continent. (4) During the holiday season, hackers are after just one thing: your account credentials (证明 书). According to a ye

20、ar end report from cybersecurity giant McAfee, not only does it give criminals access to a variety of consumer accounts, (1)_it also gives bad guys the opportunity to trade personal information on the dark web, McAfee said. “In their eyes, its the gift that keeps on giving,” McAfee said in a stateme

21、nt sent to Fox News. “Consumers account credentials (2)_(trade) and sold among cybercriminals in the underground like baseball cards,” the cybersecurity company added. This happened early this year after a holiday haul of credentials. McAfes Advanced Threat Research team found that more than 2.2 bil

22、lion (3)_(steal) account credentials were made available on the cybercriminal underground in the first quarter of 2019. “This growing trend of personal online accounts for retailers (4)_(make) available on the underground and increasingly complicated threats (5)_(mean) that the 2019 Holidays could b

23、e the most dangerous yet for consumers,” McAfee said. The likelihood (6)_ the scams (欺诈) will succeed is still too high. 37 percent of American respondents to a McAfee survey admit that they dont check an email sender or retailers website for truth. That increases the chance of getting scammed (7)_s

24、cammers hid behind authentic-looking shopping sites and fake emails. The scams work: 30 percent of (8)_ surveyed by McAfee have lost more than $500 (9)_ online scams this year. Earlier this year, McAfee identified a credential-stealing scheme, (10)_was targeted at Amazon users asking them to click o

25、n a link claiming to fix an issue with the users account. (5) That cup of coffee in the morning may improve long term memory, according to a new study. The study, published in the journal Nature Neuroscience, found that participants who (1)_ (give) caffeine pills had better memory recall. Scientists

26、 studied 160 participants aged 18 to 30, and showed them various photos of items at the beginning, (2)_(ask) study subjects to classify the items as “indoor” or “outdoor.” Half the participants were given a caffeine pill after that classification, the other half a placebo (安慰剂). One day later, all t

27、he participants were shown the same pictures (3)_some they hadnt seen before. They were asked (4)_each photo was new, old or similar to the originals. (5)_both groups were able to distinguish between old and new pictures, the researchers discovered that the participants who took the caffeine pills w

28、ere(6)_(good) at determining which pictures were similar to the first round. There searchers remain uncertain about how caffeine may influence memory, (7)_ they concluded that it could interfere with hormones related to memory making. The study needs (8)_(test) before any solid conclusions can be ma

29、de, but its not the first to find benefits in caffeine intake. In fact, similar findings were made in a population of honeybees. Bees that were trained to visit flowers with traces of caffeine returned to those specific flowers three times more often than bees visiting non-caffeinated flowers, (9)_l

30、eads researchers to believe that the caffeine played a role in improving recall. Still, highly caffeinated products have been linked to negative events like poor sleep. In 2012, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced it (10)_(look) into the safety of energy drinks after receiving several re

31、ports of illness and even deaths after consuming 5- Hour Energy or Monster Energy drinks. (6) It is well-known that in Rome, priceless undiscovered treasures and antiques may lie a mere 30 feet below the surface of the ground. Therefore, underground subway in the city of Rome is no easy work.The dil

32、emma is how to build one(1)_disturbing any artifact(古器物) that may lie buried and (2) _(discover) below its roads and streets. Compared to other European capitals, Romes subway is far(3)_(developed). For years, Romes 2.8 million citizens relied only on two subway lines(4)_fell short of meeting the pe

33、oples transportation needs. Being one of the oldest cities in the world, it faces some problems in constructing a new subway line, such as the shortage of money, but especially(5)_ (protect) the underground treasures. During the construction of the first two subway lines in the 1950s, each dig expos

34、ed archaeological remains and the construction had to be stopped to allow the local archaeologists to check them to see(6)_the discovery proved valuable to the history of the Romans. After years of debate, the construction of (7) _ third subway line was agreed on. Now that the third subway line is u

35、nder construction, it has been marked as an “archaeological survey” from the very beginning and great care(8)_(take). This new line will run through the very heart of the ancient city. It will be 24 kilometers in length and 25 to 30 meters below ground. Archaeologists are working together with const

36、ruction workers to dig beneath Romes center. Almost immediately, dig revealed some amazing finds. Just below the surface, digs discovered building remains that(9)_(tear) down in the late 19th century. They dug one layer deeper, which exposed a 10th centurys road that once crossed the city, and one l

37、ayer below it, they discovered a sidewalk from the 8th century. Near the ancient Forum, workers discovered a 6th-century copper factory.The early factory(10)_(consist) of six small ovens used to work on copper articles. Small copper masses discovered at the scene were sent for analysis. (7) Writing

38、in Wired Magazine, Jon Katz, a media critic, summarizes the dilemma (1)_(face) newspaper publishers: “So far, online papers dont work commercially. The newspaper needs to reinvent itself. The object is not to replace, or put into a different format, but (2)_(gain) a toehold (立足点) in cyberspace and e

39、ven absorb some of its values.” Reinventing itself is a tall order for an industry that works under a constant deadline to produce a new product each day. How can the industry begin to construct a new model that takes advantage of the most advanced technology in the world? Actually, the answer comes

40、 from reflecting (3)_ the past. “The challenge for you will be perhaps the greatest ever. As a producer of newspapers, what you must do first is determine how you see yourself. Are you an organization that supplies newspapers or are you an organization that supplies information? This self- analysis

41、is being conducted in storming times (4)_ conflicting forces threaten to pull the industry apart. Reading a daily newspaper is a habit of millions of middle-age and older Americans. However, todays young people often prefer more sophisticated media(5)_the daily routine of the morning newspaper. We a

42、re also experiencing (6)_some call an information explosion that threatens to bury even the most earnest readers. Ironically, it is the oversupply of information (7)_holds the key to the survival of the newspaper industry. The digitizing of information (8)_(create) a vast expansion in the amount of

43、information that is readily available to audiences. Today, books and manuscripts that previously consumed libraries and other physical spaces (9)_(contain) in digital bytes that can move with great speed over vast distances. Quite simply, more information is available to more people more quickly tha

44、n ever before. Mass media evolved (10)_people from all walks of life needed help to understand the world around them. Throughout history, newspapers have excelled at collecting, recording and distributing information at many different levels. As they evolve in light of technological change, newspape

45、rs need to embrace that mission again. (8) Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear (1)_you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption (2)_ other animals would not be capable of this.

46、But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, (3)_has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behavior of female brown monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, cooperative creatures, and

47、they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend (4)_ (pay) much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnans and Dr.de Waals study. The researchers spent two years (5)_(t

48、each) their monkeys to exchange tokens (代币) for food, Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining (毗连的) chambers, (6)_ each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behavior became obviously different. In the world of monkeys, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumb