2021年新教材英语外研版必修第二册Unit 6 全章学案.docx
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1、Unit 6 Earth first Calls for action to save wildlife! Humans share Earth with many different kinds of wildlife. However, many of our animal and plant friends may not be around for much longer. According to the first comprehensive report on biodiversity (生物多样性) released by the United Nations in May,
2、1 million of Earths species in 8 million are threatened with extinction, including amphibians (两栖动物), marine mammals (哺 乳动物) and insects . Humans are mainly to blame for the danger. According to the report, the worlds population has doubled in the last 50 years. Humans have used more than a third of
3、 the worlds land and 75 percent of fresh water supplies to grow crops and keep livestock . As a result, there are fewer habitats and fewer natural resources available as well as more pollution. Because of human activities, the global rate of species extinction over the past 50 years has been already
4、 “at least hundreds of times higher than it was averagely over the past 10 million years” , the report noted . The species extinction could have a serious influence on ecosystems. “When you lose a species, think of it like a fabric, and youre taking and pulling one of the thread (线),” Brett Scheffer
5、s, an ecologist at the University of Florida, US, told NBC News. “Over time, the fabric gets looser and less stable. These are the types of changes were observing where entire ecosystems collapse 【1】 ” 【1】were observing 和 where entire ecosystems collapse 都是定语从句,均 修饰先行词 the types of changes;第一个定语从句中省
6、略了关系代词 that/which; 第二个定语从句,where在从句中作地点状语,先行词此时表示抽象地点。 These developments lead scientists to believe that there could be a sixth mass extinction, the first to be caused by humans 【2】 , according to the Guardian. There have been five mass extinctions before, the last being 65 million years ago 【3】. T
7、hat time it was the dinosaurs that died out【4】 【2】此处作 a sixth mass extinction 的同位语,不定式 to be caused by humans作后置定语,修饰 the first。 【3】该句是一个较长的简单句。“the last being 65 million years ago”是 独立主格结构。 【4】该句是强调句,原句是:That time the dinosaurs died out,用 it was.that.对主语进行强调。 “The evidence is clear: The future will
8、 be bad for us if we dont act now. There is no future for us without nature,” Sandra Diaz, coauthor of the report, told National Geographic. To deal with the problem 【5】 , many countries have taken action. For example, China has banned the use of rhino horns (犀牛角) and tiger bones, and the ivory trad
9、e, reported China Daily. 【5】此处不定式短语作目的状语。 According to Huffpost, there are things that we can do personally to save wild species【6】. For example, dont buy products made from illegal wildlife parts and reduce water waste. 【6】这是一个主从复合句。主句是 There be 句式;that we can do personally to save wild species 是定语
10、从句,修饰先行词 things;不定式短语 to save wild species 作目的状语。 “Each individual action has a ripple effect (连锁反应) and every person can make a difference21through a mass we can turn the tide22,” said Claudia Sobrevila, from Global Wildlife Program. 词汇积累 call n. 熟词生义 需要,请求,呼吁 around adv. 熟词生义 出现;现有。常用表语。 comprehen
11、sive /kmprhensv/adj. 全面的,详尽的 release/rlis/n. where sharks are caught and their fins cut off 为 where 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词 fishing。 Students should take part in more community activities where they can gain more experience. 学生应该参加更多的社区活动,在那里他们可以获得更多的经验。 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)You have reached a point _ medicine
12、 cant help. (2)Its a job _ you can find your true value. (3)He got into _(的情况)it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 联想拓展: 高考对于 where 的考查趋于复杂化,先行词由“明显的地点”转为“模糊 的地点”或者“抽象的地点”。这些名词有 stage, case, position, activity等。 2.(教材原句)Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to pro
13、tect them from extinction. 今天,随着我们对鲨鱼了解得越来越多,越来越多的人想要保护它们免于 灭绝。 句型解构:as 意为“随着”,在句中引导时间状语从句。 as 的常见用法如下: (1)当时;随着(引导时间状语从句) (2)由于,因为(引导原因状语从句) (3)正如,依照(引导方式状语从句) (4)尽管,虽然,即使(引导让步状语从句) (5)和一样(as. as比较状语从句) (6)as 作关系代词(引导定语从句) 即学即练 判断 as 引导的是什么从句 (1)As it was getting late, I turned around to start for
14、home._ (2)As you make reading a regular part of your life, youll understand the text better._ (3)When in Rome, do as Romans do._ (4)As is known to us, Nanjing is a famous city for her long history._ (5)As I looked at his face, something occurred to me._ (6)Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply b
15、ecause we were so tired after the long journey._ (7)Thats not as simple as it sounds._ 易错提示: as 引导让步状语从句必用倒装,将表语、状语或谓语动词的原形提至句首。 Young as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他年轻,他却懂得很多。 SHARKS: DANGEROUS OR ENDANGERED? 1We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea. Suddenly, she is pulled underwater . She su
16、rfaces, cries in fear, then disappears forever. This is the opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws, showing a shark attack.【1】 It tells the story of a great white shark that attacks and kills swimmers. Jaws was a great success, attracting huge audiences and winning many awards. It strengthened people
17、s longheld idea of the great white shark as a dangerous animal. 【1】showing a shark attack 是现在分词短语作定语,可改写为定语从句, 即 which shows a shark attack。 2People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse 【2】. It made people frightened of sharks, especially of the great white shark. Many peopl
18、e who saw the film started to believe that sharks were bad animals that ate humans 【3】. Some people stopped swimming in the sea, afraid of the horrible creature from the film 【4】. Other people started fishing for sharks, killing as many as they could 【5】. At that time, nobody cared if sharks were ki
19、lled, or how many were killed. People just wanted them killed. 【2】此处为“make宾语宾补”结构,形容词 worse 在此作宾补。 【3】此处 who saw the film 为 who引导的定语从句,修饰 Many people; that.ate humans 为 that 引导的宾语从句,作 believe 的宾语,宾语从句中的 that ate humans 为 that引导的定语从句,修饰 bad animals。 【4】此处为形容词短语作原因状语。 【5】此处为现在分词短语作状语,其中的 as many as th
20、ey could 属于 “as.as.”结构,表示“尽可能多的”。 3After 1975, the number of large sharks around America fell quickly, and soon fell around the world. This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off 【6】. The sharks are thrown bac
21、k into the sea where they die slowly and painfully. The fins are used in shark fin soup. Finning kills millions of sharks a year. 【6】此处为 where 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词 a type of fishing; cut off 前的 are 省略了。 4Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley, the man who wrote the book the film Jaws w
22、as based on 【7】. In 1980, Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight. It was an area where fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks. Benchley saw sharks being killed 【8】 and this caused a deep change in him. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rathe
23、r than the other way round. From that day on, he fought to protect sharks. He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks behaviour. “Sharks dont target humans,” he said. Experts have proved that sharks do not see people as food, and they attack us by mistake 【9】. Only around six people are killed
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