初中英语语法综合复习全解课件：副词课件.pptx

1、 P5 Adverb Do the exercises individually, and then check your answers with your partners. What is an adverb? An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, another adverb, determiner, noun phrase, clause, or sentence. 考点题例一考点题例一 1.How often do you have a school trip this term? _. Since several

2、 accidents happened to some schools, all the school outdoor activities have been asked to stop. A. Always B. Hardly ever C. Sometimes D. Often 2.How often do you go skating? _. I cant skate at all. A. Always B. Sometimes C. Seldom D. Never 3.The song Where did the time go ?tells us that our parents

3、grow old without being noticed. We should stay with them as _as possible. A. often B. soon C. little 考点梳理考点梳理 副词的分类副词的分类 1.时间和频度副词时间和频度副词 有有now, then ,today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, soon, already, often, never等。等。 时间副词是确定句子时态的重要标志。时间副词是确定句子时态的重要标志。 2. 地点副词地点副词 有有outside, inside, upstairs, here,

4、 there in ,back, off, up, anywhere 等。等。 地点副词和动词连用时不加介词。地点副词和动词连用时不加介词。 3. 方式副词方式副词 有有quickly, happily, loudly, badly, extremely, easily, fast 等。等。 方式副词的构成方法“形容词方式副词的构成方法“形容词+ ly ” 4. 程度副词程度副词 有有very, little, rather, too, much, so 等。等。 有些程度副词可以修饰形容词、副词的有些程度副词可以修饰形容词、副词的 原级，有些能修饰形容词、副词的比较原级，有些能修饰形容词、副

5、词的比较 级。级。 5.疑问副词疑问副词 有有when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far 等。等。 疑问副词常放在特殊疑问句前。疑问副词常放在特殊疑问句前。 6. 关系副词关系副词 有有when, where, why. 关系副词常用来引导定语从句。关系副词常用来引导定语从句。 1.作状语。作状语。 He moves hard.(修饰动词修饰动词) He drove his car very easily.(修饰副词修饰副词) 2. 作表语。作表语。 He is out. 他出去了。他出去了。 Whats on t

6、his weekend?这周上演什么？这周上演什么？ 作表语的副词多数是表示位置或状态的，作表语的副词多数是表示位置或状态的， 如如in ,out, on, down, up, off, away, upstairs. 3.作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。 Let the guests upstairs. 让客人们上楼吧。让客人们上楼吧。 副副 词词 的的 功功 能能 举一反三举一反三 1.The old man _eats junk food, does he ? A. sometimes B. often C. seldom D. usually 解析：句意：这个老人很少吃垃圾食品，解析：句意

7、：这个老人很少吃垃圾食品， 是吗？是吗？Sometimes 有时；有时；often经常；经常； seldom很少；很少；usually经常。根据反意经常。根据反意 疑问句的结构“前否后肯”可知应用疑问句的结构“前否后肯”可知应用 表示否定意义的表示否定意义的seldom。故选。故选C项。项。 2. Miss Green is very popular with kids. Yes. She _tells interesting stories and sings beautiful songs to them. A. seldom B. never C. sometimes D. always

8、 3.I saw you come to school by bus this morning. Oh, I _come to school by bus, but its raining today. A. hardly B. always C. sometimes D. usually 考点题考点题例二例二 1.I jumped _ than Bill in the sports meeting last year. A. high B. higher C. highest D. the highest 解析：本题考查副词的比较级。根据解析：本题考查副词的比较级。根据than 可知是两者之

9、间的比较，应用比较级，可知是两者之间的比较，应用比较级， 故选故选B项。项。 2. The volunteer spoke as _as she could do make the visitors understand her. A. clearly B. more clearly C. most clearly D. the most clearly 解析：本题考查解析：本题考查asas中间用形容词或者中间用形容词或者 副词的原级，只有副词的原级，只有A项是原级。项是原级。 3. I worked hard this term, but Peter works much _. A. har

10、d B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest 解析：本题考查副词的比较级。解析：本题考查副词的比较级。hard原级；原级； harder 比较级；比较级；hardest 和和the hardest 均均 为最高级。语境中只出现两者相比较，为最高级。语境中只出现两者相比较， 应该用比较级，此外应该用比较级，此外much 常用来修饰比常用来修饰比 较级，故选较级，故选B项。项。 考点梳理考点梳理 1.副词的比较级和最高级的构成副词的比较级和最高级的构成 （1）规则构成）规则构成 单音单音 节词节词 和少和少 数双数双 音节音节 词词 构成方法构成方法 原级原级 比较级

11、比较级 最高级最高级 一般在词尾一般在词尾加加 -er, -est fast hard long faster harder longer fastest hardest longest 以字母以字母e结尾的结尾的 副词副词，加加-r, -st late later latest 以以“辅音字母辅音字母+ y”结尾的副词结尾的副词， 先把先把y变为变为i, 再再 加加-er, -est early earlier earliest (2) 不规则构成不规则构成 原级原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级 well better best badly worse worst much more mos

12、t little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest 2. 副词比较等级的用法副词比较等级的用法 （1）副词原级比较的用法）副词原级比较的用法 a. 肯定句：“肯定句：“as + 副词原级副词原级+as”结构。”结构。 The boss speaks as clearly as he can to make his workers understand him. b. 否定句：“否定句：“as/so +副词原级副词原级+as”结构。”结构。 I cant run as/so fast as my friend. (2) 比较级的用法

13、比较级的用法 a. “比较级“比较级+than”结构用来表达一方超过另”结构用来表达一方超过另 一方的情况，也可表达一方不如另一方一方的情况，也可表达一方不如另一方 的情况。的情况。 I draw better than my sister. b.“比较级“比较级+and+比较级”结构表示某种情比较级”结构表示某种情 况变得“越来越况变得“越来越”。”。 Betty plays the piano more and more beautifully. How time flies! our life is getting better and better. c.“the +比较级，比较级，t

14、he +比较级”结构，意为比较级”结构，意为 “越“越，（就）越，（就）越”。”。 The more you speak, the better your English is. （3）最高级的用法）最高级的用法 “the +副词最高级副词最高级+表示范围的短语”结构，表示范围的短语”结构， 最高级前的定冠词最高级前的定冠词the 可省略。可省略。 Peter jumps (the) highest but swims (the) most slowly of all boys. Of all the sports, I like swimming (the) best. 举一反三举一反三 1

15、.It seems that Alice never wants to do anything except drawing pictures. Right. Thats what she likes to do_. A. more B. less C. most D. least 解析：本题主要考查副词最高级的用法。根解析：本题主要考查副词最高级的用法。根 据题意，故选据题意，故选C项。项。 2. Peter speaks Chinese well indeed, but of course not _a local speaker in China. A. so fluently as B

16、. more fluent than C. as fluent as D. much fluently than 解析：本题考查“解析：本题考查“so+ 副词原级副词原级+as”的用”的用 法。由前文中的“法。由前文中的“speaks Chinese”可”可 知空白处要使用副词。知空白处要使用副词。 3. Our family has bought a car so we can travel _than before. A. most easily B. less easily C. easily D. more easily 解析：由句中的“解析：由句中的“than before”可知选项

17、”可知选项 考查副词比较级的用法。根据句意，考查副词比较级的用法。根据句意， 选择选择D项。项。 考点题考点题例三例三 1.Alex did the project on community service _better than his classmates. 2.A. so B. very C. too D. much 解析：由句中的“解析：由句中的“better than”可知是比”可知是比 较级，较级，much 修饰比较级，故选修饰比较级，故选D项。项。 2. The Silk Road was _long that it passed through many countries.

18、 A. quite B. too C. very D. so 解析：解析：sothat 如此如此以至于以至于， 根据题意，故选根据题意，故选D项。项。 3. She always does very well in the English exams. But she can _understand English radio program. A. always B. hardly C. already D. easily 解析：本题考查副词词义辨析。解析：本题考查副词词义辨析。Always 总总 是；是；hardly 几乎不；几乎不； already 已经；已经； easily 容易地。句

19、子前后表达是转折关容易地。句子前后表达是转折关 系，故选系，故选B项。项。 考点梳理考点梳理 1.常用易混副词及短语常用易混副词及短语 意义及用法意义及用法 例句例句 hard 努力地，大量地，努力地，大量地， 猛烈地猛烈地 He works hard. hardly 几乎不，一般表几乎不，一般表 示否定示否定 I can hardly hear him. 意义及用法意义及用法 例句例句 already 已经；一般用于已经；一般用于肯定句肯定句 中中 She has already finished her work. yet 已经；一般用于已经；一般用于否定句否定句 或疑问句末或疑问句末 H

20、ave you heard from him yet? still 仍；一般用于仍；一般用于肯定句和肯定句和 疑问句疑问句，表示事情还在，表示事情还在 进行进行 Peter still works until late every night. 意义及用法意义及用法 例句例句 much too 非常，太；非常，太；中心词是中心词是 too, much修饰修饰too, 来来 加强语气，加强语气，much too 修饰形容词或副词的修饰形容词或副词的 原级。原级。 The car is much too expensive. too much 太多；太多；中心词是中心词是much, too修饰修饰

21、much, 来加强来加强 语气，语气， too much 用来用来 修饰不可数名词，与修饰不可数名词，与 too many （修饰可数（修饰可数 名词）相对应。名词）相对应。 Theres too much rain in summer. 意义及用法意义及用法 例句例句 too 常用于肯定句中，放在句常用于肯定句中，放在句 末末 He likes swimming, too. as well 常用于肯定句中，放在句常用于肯定句中，放在句 末末 I like you as well. also 常放在常放在be 动词、情态动词动词、情态动词 或助动词之后，行为动词或助动词之后，行为动词 之前之前

22、 I can also swim. either 常用于否定句中，放在句常用于否定句中，放在句 末末 I cant speak English, either. too, as well, also, either都表示“也”的意思，都表示“也”的意思， 但是用法有区别。但是用法有区别。 意义及用法意义及用法 例句例句 ago 表示以现在为基准的表示以现在为基准的 “以前”，和表示时间“以前”，和表示时间 概念的搭配使用，用于概念的搭配使用，用于 一般过去时一般过去时的句子。的句子。 The meeting began 5 minutes ago. before 表示以过去或现在的某表示以过去

23、或现在的某 一刻为基准的“以前”，一刻为基准的“以前”， 也可指以前，常用于也可指以前，常用于现现 在完成时和过去完成时在完成时和过去完成时 的句子。的句子。 I have never seen him before. Attentions how long, how soon, how often, how far 关系关系 副词的用法副词的用法 都表示时间，时间段或者距离，但是用法都表示时间，时间段或者距离，但是用法 不尽相同，具体见下表：不尽相同，具体见下表： 意义及用法意义及用法 例句例句 how long 对一个持续的时间段提问对一个持续的时间段提问， 用“用“for +时间段”或“

24、时间段”或“since + 时间段”来回答时间段”来回答 How long have you been in China? For 3 months. how soon 对一个短暂性动作提问对一个短暂性动作提问，用，用 “in +时间段”回答时间段”回答 How soon will he come back? In an hour. how often 对频率提问对频率提问，用，用 once/twice/three times a week 等回答等回答 How often do you visit your mother? Once a week. how far 对距离提问对距离提问 Ho

25、w far is it from your home to school? About 2 kms. 2. 兼有两种形式的副词兼有两种形式的副词 这些副词一般是原形，及加这些副词一般是原形，及加ly的形式，的形式， 但是意义却截然不同，需要特别注意。但是意义却截然不同，需要特别注意。 见下表示例：见下表示例： 意义意义 例句例句 close 接近，靠近接近，靠近 He lives very close to me. closely 仔细地仔细地 Watch me closely. 意义意义 例句例句 late 晚、迟晚、迟 You have come too late. lately 最近最近

26、 What have you been doing lately? 意义意义 例句例句 deep 深，表示空间深度深，表示空间深度 He pushed the stick deep into the mud. deeply 深深地，表示情感上的深度深深地，表示情感上的深度 Betty was deeply moved by the film. 意义意义 例句例句 high 表示空间高度表示空间高度 He flies the kite high in the sky. highly 表示程度表示程度 He thought highly of my advice. 意义意义 例句例句 wide 表

27、示空间宽度表示空间宽度 Mary opened her eyes wide as she saw the cat. widely 广泛地广泛地 English is widely used in the world. 意义意义 例句例句 free 免费免费 Children under 5 travel free. freely 无限制地无限制地 People can speak freely at the meeting. 两种形式的副词出现频率也较高，两种形式的副词出现频率也较高， 一般在单选或者完形填空中出现。一般在单选或者完形填空中出现。 注意注意 such 和和so的的 用法用法 s

28、uch和和so 都表示“如此，这样”的意都表示“如此，这样”的意 思，但是思，但是so 是副词，后接形容词或副是副词，后接形容词或副 词，词，such是形容词，后接名词。是形容词，后接名词。 1.such/so +名词的结构名词的结构 such a/an +形容词形容词+单数可数名词单数可数名词 so +形容词形容词+a/an +单数名词单数名词 Its such a fine day! Its so fine a day! 注意：注意：such 除了修饰单数可数名词外，除了修饰单数可数名词外， 还可修饰复数可数名词或者不可还可修饰复数可数名词或者不可 数名词。而数名词。而so 只能修饰形容词

29、或只能修饰形容词或 者副词。者副词。 2.如果复数名词前有如果复数名词前有few，many等形容词；等形容词； 不可数名词前有不可数名词前有little，much等形容词，就等形容词，就 必须用必须用so，而不能用而不能用such。 The camel had such a long neck. Dont make so much noise! 3. such/sothat 句型句型 1) such a (an)adj.单数可数名词单数可数名词that 从句从句 He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him. 他非常聪明，大家都非常喜欢他。他

30、非常聪明，大家都非常喜欢他。 He was such an honest man that he was praised by the teacher. 他非常诚实，因而受到了老师的表扬。他非常诚实，因而受到了老师的表扬。 2) such adj.复数可数名词复数可数名词that从句从句 They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again. 这些小说非常有趣，我想再读一遍。这些小说非常有趣，我想再读一遍。 3) such adj.不可数名词不可数名词 that从句从句 He has made such gre

31、at progress that the teachers are pleased with him. 他进步得很快，老师们对他感到很满意。他进步得很快，老师们对他感到很满意。 注意：如果注意：如果such后边的名词前由后边的名词前由many，much，few， little等词所修饰的话，则不用等词所修饰的话，则不用such而用而用so. He had so little education that he was unfit for this job. 难点解析难点解析 一、一、so that 引导目的状语从句时，表示“以引导目的状语从句时，表示“以 便，为了”，从句中常使用便，为了”，从

32、句中常使用 can/could/may/might/will/would/should等情等情 态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从 句中一般不用句中一般不用can 和和may等词，在等词，在so that 前前 可用逗号，意思是“因此，所以”。可用逗号，意思是“因此，所以”。 1.The little boy saved every coin _he could buy his mother a present on Mothers day. 答案为答案为: so that 2. She bought a digital camera online _

33、 she would save a lot of time. A. so that B. as soon as C. no matter D. such that 二、二、so形容词或副词形容词或副词that .引导结果状引导结果状 语从句。表示肯定的意思是“如此语从句。表示肯定的意思是“如此以致以致 于于”；表示否定的意思是“如此；表示否定的意思是“如此以致以致 于不能于不能” 1._ fine day it is today! Yes, the sunshine is _beautiful that Id like to go to swimming in the sea. A. How,

34、 such B. What a, very C. How, so D. What a, so 2. The camera is _expensive _ I cant afford it. A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that 解析：本题考查解析：本题考查sothat 结构在否定句中结构在否定句中 的运用。的运用。 注意：当注意：当that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句引导的结果状语从句为肯定句 时，时，so . that .可以与可以与be . enough to do 转换；转换； 当从句为否定句时，可以与当从句为否定句时

35、，可以与too . to . 或或 be not . enough to do 转换。转换。 David was so careless that he didnt find the mistakes in his test paper. (变为简单句变为简单句) David was _careless _find the mistakes in his test paper. too to 举一反三举一反三 1.选择合适的词填空选择合适的词填空 (1)It seems that I have met you somewhere _.(ago, before) (2) Have you fin

36、ished reading the novel _? Yes ,I have _finished it.(yet, already) (3) You cant eat _meat; You are _fat.(much too ; too much) before yet already too much much too 2.We dont want to speak badly or _in front of the class.(2014, 天津天津) A. clearly B. carefully C. carelessly D. properly 解析：本题考查副词辨析。根据句意，选

37、择解析：本题考查副词辨析。根据句意，选择 C项。项。 3.The final exam is very important. We must treat it _. A. serious B. seriously C. careless D. carelessly 1.Sometimes it often rains _ in my hometown in summer. A. heavy B. hardly C. heavily D. strongly 2. I _ ride a bike to school. But this morning, I walked to school. A.

38、 never B. hardly C. seldom D. usually 3.We will have to set off _ to avoid the heavy traffic tomorrow morning. （2015德州）德州） A. early B. quietly C. slowly D. Politely 4. Miss Gao asked a question, but it was _that nobody could answer it. A. very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult enough D. so dif

39、ficult 改错题：改错题： 1.The boy looked happy at the good news. 2.There are so much boys in this class. 3.Our classroom is much cleaner than theirs. 4. He said that he had seen her two days ago. 5.He has so beautiful bike. We all go to see it. 6.The tiger is so big. happily many 正确正确 before such a 正确正确 Im

40、sure many people are working _ for a lot of money, a big house, a new car， expensive clothes and so on. Those are considered to be symbols of success on the material level. When I was young, I was also _reaching for material success. So I chose a job as a salesman and I did make some pretty good mon

41、ey 在空白处填入适当的词语。在空白处填入适当的词语。 hard crazily But _ I realized that was not what I wanted, because I was _ forced to sell products that might not be good for customers. I become very unhappy although I could make a lot of money _. I no longer felt proud of my job and even look down upon myself for doing things like that. So I give up my job and took another job, this time helping people in need the poor and the weak. The sense of belonging was great and _ I felt successful in my life again, I made_ money but I was satisfied with myself later often suddenly less easily