外研版(2020)选修必修第二册unit4语言知识点总结.docx

1、 1 Unit 4 Breaking boundaries 一、重点短语 1.lack n.lack 用作不及物动词时,常 与介词 for 或 in 连用;lack 用作名词时,常与介词 of 连用 2. assist vt.协助;帮助 assist sb.with sth.在某方面给某人帮助 assist sb.in(doing) sth.帮助某人做某事 assist sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事 assistance n.U帮助,协助,援助 with the assistance of 在的帮助下 2 come to sb.s assistance 帮助某人 assistant

2、 n.助手;助理;售货员 lack 虽可用作及物动词,但不用于被动语态;lack 用作不及物动词时,常 与介词 for 或 in 连用;lack 用作名词时,常与介词 of 连用 3.base vt.以为根据;把设在 n.基部;基地;基础;根基;底部 base.on/upon 把建立在上 be based on/upon 以为根据 basis n.基础;基本原则 on the basis of 根据;在的基础上 basic adj. 基础的;基本的;根本的 basically adv.基本上;基本地;主要地 Basing an important decision more on emotio

3、n than on reason,you will regret it sooner or later. 把一个重要的决定更多地建立在情感基础上,而不是以理性思考为基 础,你迟早会后悔的。 4.vital adj.极其重要的,必不可少的 be vital for/to.对极重要的/必不可少的 It is vital to do sth.做某事极其重要 It is vital that.十分重要 在句型“It is vital that.”中从句谓语动词要用“(should+)动词原形”的 3 形式。 5. scene n.(戏剧的)一场;场面;景色 on the scene 在现场 come

4、to the scene 来到现场 behind the scenes 在幕后;在后台 【易混辨析】scene/scenery/sight/view 6. settle down(活动一段时间后)平静下来;躺下;定居 settle in (迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来 settle (oneself) down to sth.安下心来做某事 I managed to catch a taxi to my accommodation and settle in. scene 指某一处的自然风光;情形,情景 scenery 意为“(总称)自然景物,天然风光”,是由多个 scene 构成的自然风

5、景 sight 意为“景象,风景,名胜”,侧重指值得看的事物或很难看的东西;很 可笑的事物 view 意为“景色,风景”,侧重指从人所处的角度用肉眼所看到的景色 4 我想办法打的去了住所并安顿下来。 7. rewarding adj.值得做的,有益的 reward n.奖金;酬劳;奖赏 as a reward (for.)作为(对的)报酬/奖赏 in reward for 为酬谢;作为的奖励 reward sb.for sth.因某事而奖赏某人 reward sb.with sth.用某物回报某人 We gave him a gift as a reward for his kindness.

6、 我们送给他一件礼物作为对他的好意的奖赏。 He received a medal in reward for his bravery. 他因勇敢而获得奖章。 8. in memory of 纪念;为了纪念 “in+名词+of”结构的短语小结 in terms of 就而言 in need/want of 需要 in favour of 赞同,支持 in praise of 赞扬 in support of 支持 5 in honour of 为了向表示敬意 in view of 鉴于,考虑到,由于 in search of 寻找 We started off at once in searc

7、h of the missing boy. 我们立刻出发寻找失踪的男孩。 The general opinion is in favour of us. 普遍的舆论对我们有利。 9. take place 发生,举行 take the place of 代替,取代 take ones place 就座;代替某人 out of place 不合适的,不恰当的,不相称的 in place of 代替 in the first place 首先,第一 take place 是不及物动词短语,其后不能接宾语,也不能用于被动语态。 10. set down 记下;放下;登记 set aside 留出;拨

8、出(时间、金钱等);暂时不考虑 set off 出发;动身;引起;使爆炸 6 set out to do sth./set about doing sth.着手做某事 set up 开办;建立;设立 I sincerely hope you can set aside some time for the art feast. 我真诚地希望你能抽出一些时间来参加这次艺术盛宴。 Our English club was set up two months ago. 我们的英语俱乐部成立于两个月前。 11. struggle vi.拼搏;努力;挣扎 struggle to do sth.努力做某事

9、struggle for 为了而斗争 struggle against/with 与做斗争 struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来 with a struggle 费劲地 12. in vain 徒劳,白费力气地;白白地 a vain attempt/effort 徒劳的尝试/努力 become vain 变得自负/虚荣 13. as well as 又;和;也 7 as well as 和一样好 as well 也(相当于 too,一般放在句末) might/may as well 不妨;还是的好 二、重点句型 1.It is not the first time the author has worked with MSF.这不是作者第 一次与无国界医生合作。(p.40) 【句型分析】在该句子中 the first time 是连词,引导时间状语从句。 It was the first time she had ever left her motherland. 这是她第一次离开祖国。 2.The brave men,living and dead,who struggled here,have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract.