（2020新外研版）英语选择性必修第二册UNIT3同步作业：Part 1　Starting out &Understanding ideas.docx

1、Unit 3 Times change! Part 1 Starting out they are only licensed to use it. As a digital chain is wrapped ever more tightly around more devices, such as cars and thermostats, who owns and who controls these objects is becoming a problem. Buyers should be aware that some of their most basic property r

2、ights are under threat. The trend is not always harmful. Manufacturers seeking to restrict what owners do with increasingly complex technology have good reasons to protect their copyright, and ensure that their machines do not break down, support environmental standards and prevent hacking. Sometime

3、s companies use their control over a products software for the owners benefit. When Hurricane Irma hit Florida this month, Tesla remotely updated the software controlling the batteries of some models to give owners more range to escape the storm. But the more digital strings are attached to goods, t

4、he more the balance of control leans towards producers and away from owners. That can be inconvenient. Picking a car is hard enough, but harder still if you have to dig up the instructions that tell you how use is limited and what data you must give. If the products are intentionally designed not to

5、 last long, it can also be expensive. Already, items from smartphones to washing machines have become extremely hard to fix, meaning that they are thrown away instead of being repaired. Privacy is also at risk. Users become terrified when iRobot, a robotic vacuum cleaner, not only cleans the floor b

6、ut also creates a digital map of the inside of a home that can then be sold to advertisers (though the manufacturer says it has no intention of doing so). Cases like this should remind people how jealously they ought to protect their property rights and control who uses the data that is collected. O

7、wnership is not about to go away, but its meaning is changing. This requires careful inspection. Devices, by and large, are sold on the basis that they enable people to do what they want. To the extent they are controlled by somebody else,that freedom is compromised. 5.What benefit does it bring to

8、customers if companies control the ownership of products? A.It provides them with knowledge to prevent hacking. B.It gives them the chance to be protected from danger. C.It enables them to own the copyright of the products. D.It helps them know more about complex technology. 6.The underlined words “

9、that freedom” in the last paragraph refer to the freedom to . A.control other people B.share the ownership C.inspect devices at any time D.use devices as ones wishes 7.The author may agree . A.customers should buy fewer digital devices B.producers should control property rights C.property rights nee

10、d to be protected D.better after-sales service is required .七选五 I work at a community library. Many people are under the assumption that public libraries are no longer needed because of the Internet, but nothing could be further from the truth. 1 A simple Internet search for “cats” produces approxim

11、ately 2.98 billion results in less than one second. It is a huge number! How do you even begin to sort through all of those results? We hear so much about “false news”. 2 Librarians are there to help. They have been trained, through special classes and workshops, to sort through all of the results a

12、nd find credible sources. Author Neil Gaiman said, “Google can bring you back 100,000 answers. A librarian can bring you back the right one.” 3 It helps connect people with the resources they need to find a job, continue their education, and learn new skills. It helps seniors find the resources they

13、 need to keep up with the “modern” world. It helps new parents develop a love of literacy in their children and bond with them. It helps local artists and craftsmen display their work. It helps students find the answers to those seemingly impossible homework questions. It allows people to meet and e

14、xchange ideas. Libraries are so much more than books and information. Yes, there are public computers,Internet access, movies, music, programs and a thousand other things. 4 They are places where people feel safe and welcomed. They are places where someone who has limited resources can freely access

15、 materials and equipment they wouldnt otherwise be able to. They can, at times, be a harbor for someone who needs a quiet place to work or study. Some of the best memories of my childhood involve going to the local library and speaking with many others in the neighborhood, and they have those same m

16、emories too. They are presently making those same memories with their children and their grandchildren. 5 I dont see the Internet doing that. A.We dont know what sources to trust. B.The public library helps people improve their lives. C.The importance of library staff comes to the surface. D.However

17、, libraries meaning and relevance go even beyond that. E.The public library brings people together to build a strong community. F.In fact, it is because of the Internet that public libraries are needed now more than ever. G.Every day children, students and adults use libraries to learn, grow and ach

18、ieve their dreams. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 答案全解全析答案全解全析 基础过关练基础过关练 .1.furniture pete 3.saleswoman 4.decade 5.bunch 6.organic .1.masking 考查非谓语动词。 句意:他坐在他们的前面,满是灰尘的脸掩盖了他的年龄。逗号前面句子结构完整, 后面没有连词,因此为独立主格结构。 his dusty face 与 mask 之间为主动关系,故填 masking。 2.shelves 考查名词复数。 句意:货架被摆满了各种各样的蔬菜茄子、黄瓜、卷心菜和西红柿。shelf 为可数名 词, 根据空后

19、的 were 可知应用名词复数形式。 3.up 考查固定短语。句意:莉萨突然出现在门口时她吃了一惊。pop up 意为“突然出现”,符合语境。 4.against 考查介词。 句意:在一个寒冷的早上,我走出门,竖起衣领抵御寒风。 根据空后的 the cold wind 可知此处应 用介词。against 意为“抵御”,符合语境。 5.filling 考查非谓语动词。 句意:墙塌下来时,地下室里满是砖和灰,我(惊得)说不出话来。分析句子结构可知,此处应 用现在分词短语作结果状语。 6.was being hidden 考查时态和语态。 句意: 我们离开时感到深深的不安,因为我们知道有什么事瞒着我

20、们。此处是 because 引导的原因状语从句。根据主句时态可知为过去的时态。根据语境可知为过去进行时态,且 something 与 hide 之间为被动关系,故填 was being hidden。 .1.drop in on 2.have a chat with 3.had never happened 4.waved goodbye to 5.wrapping presents 6.be encouraged to communicate with .1.was closing 考查时态。根据后文内容可知,这家书店即将关停。 此处为过去进行时,表示即将发生的动作。 2.to run 考查

21、非谓语动词。此处 it 为形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。 3.reading 考查非谓语动词。 根据前后语境可知年轻人更愿意读电子书。prefer to do 强调特定的或某次具体的动作, 即在一定的场合下宁愿做什么。prefer doing 强调一般性倾向,即对某种行为的偏爱。 4.had happened 考查虚拟语气。 根据语境可知,此处表示对过去的虚拟,故用过去完成时。 5.seated 考查非谓语动词。此处为(be) seated on 的搭配,意为“坐在”,表示状态。 6.surprised 考查形容词。 此处 surprised 意为“惊讶的”,主语一般是人。 7.a 考查冠

22、词。 此处为泛指,且后面的 different 以辅音音素开头,故填 a。 8.who 考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词为 a saleswoman,指人,从句中缺少主语, 故填 who。 9.were 考查时态和主谓一致。 此处为 there be 结构。 根据前文可知为一般过去时。 由后面的 more community events 可知,应填 were。 10.to see 考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作状语。 能力提升练能力提升练 .A 语篇解读 本文讲述了作者在机器人餐厅的用餐体验,作者对这种改变并不满意,而是渴望有真人服务的餐馆。 由此 可见, 改变有时也是有利有

23、弊的。 1.B 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的 I watched the little toaster showing customers to tables while I ate my main dish.可知, 机器人把顾客带到餐桌前。 It escorted me to a nice table in the back.中的escort应与show意义相近,即escort意为“引导”。 2.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中 Pretty soon, I wanted to talk to someone real, even if it was just a few sentences.可知

24、作 者想和一个真人说说话。 第五段中作者采取行动,即把盘子掉在地板上,结合 at last, a real live person would arrive 以及 下一段的转折可知,作者摔盘子的目的是想和一个真正的人打交道。 3.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中 I was starting to feel extremely angry 可知,作者对在这家餐厅吃饭感到非常生气。因 此 annoyed 最能描述作者在机器人餐馆的就餐心情。 4.D 主旨大意题。通读文章可知,本文主要讲述了作者在一家机器人餐厅就餐的经历,故选 D 项。 原句 I realized I would not see a

25、real person named Sophie at Sophies Eatery, because like most new restaurants these days, Sophies Eatery is a robo-restaurant. 分析 本句为主从复合句。主句中 I realized 后面为省略了 that 的宾语从句。because 引导原因状语从句,从句中含有 介词短语 like most new restaurants these days。 句意 我意识到了我不会在索菲餐厅看到一个叫索菲的真人,因为像现在大多数新餐厅一样,索菲餐厅是一家机器人 餐厅。 【高频词汇】

26、 1.slide v.(使)滑行,滑动 2.conveyor belt 传送带 3.take action 采取行动 4.satisfying adj.令人满意(或 满足)的 5.trend n.趋势;趋向;倾向;动态;动向 B 语篇解读 随着数字时代的到来,“所有权”的意义正在改变,但它不会消失。 5.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中 Sometimes companies use their control over a products software for the owners benefit.to give owners more range to escape the storm.

27、可知,特斯拉的例子指出如果产品公司控制产品的所有权,该公司 可以采取措施避免他们的顾客遭受危险。 6.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 Devices, by and large, are sold on the basis that they enable people to do what they want.To the extent they are controlled by somebody else, that freedom is compromised.可推知,画线词组的意思是“按个人 的希望使用设备的自由”。 7.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中 Cases like this

28、 should remind people how jealously they ought to protect their property rights and control who uses the data that is collected.可知,作者可能同意保护产权。 原句 Already, items from smartphones to washing machines have become extremely hard to fix, meaning that they are thrown away instead of being repaired. 分析 此句的

29、主干结构为 items have become extremely hard to fix。 meaning that they are thrown away instead of being repaired 为现在分词短语作状语,里面含有 that 引导的宾语从句。 句意 从智能手机到洗衣机等物品早已经变得极其难以修理,这意味着它们被扔掉而不是被修理。 【高频词汇】 1.cheque n.支票 2.the digital age 数字时代;数码时代 3.slippery adj.靠不住的;难以应对的;棘手的 4.property right产权 5.remotely adv.远程地 6.

30、inconvenient adj.不方便的;引起麻烦的;造成困难的 7.intentionally adv. 故意地;有意地 8.privacy n.隐私;私密 promise v.(为达成协议而)妥协,折中,让步;(尤指因行为不很明智)使陷入 危险,使受到怀疑 .语篇解读 作者通过自己的经历来说明公共图书馆不可取代。 1.F 根据上文 but nothing could be further from the truth 可知作者不同意上面的观点,继而表明自己的观点,故选 F 项。 2.A 根据上文 We hear so much about “false news”.和下文 Librari

31、ans are there to help.可知,我们在网络上会获得很多信 息,但是我们不知道什么样的信息是准确的,这时我们可以到公共图书馆去,那里的信息很可信。 3.B 根据下文 It helps connect people with the resources they need to find a job, continue their education, and learn new skills.可知,这一段是表明公共图书馆对人们生活的积极影响,即帮助改善人们的生活,而且设空处放在段首,起中心句 的作用。故选 B。 4.D 根据本段第一句话(中心句)可知,本段的大意是公共图书馆不仅

32、仅有书本和信息。结合上文 Yes, there are public computers, Internet access, movies, music, programs and a thousand other things.和下文 They are places where people feel safe and welcomed.可知上文讲的是有形的方面,下文讲无形的方面,中间缺少一个过渡,表明公共图书馆不仅仅是有形 的,所以 D 项符合语境。 5.E 根据上文可知,公共图书馆连接了人与人之间的关系,所以 E 项符合语境。 原句 They are places where someo

33、ne who has limited resources can freely access materials and equipment they wouldnt otherwise be able to. 分析 此句主干为 They are places。 where 引导定语从句,修饰先行词 places。 这个定语从句中又含有两个定语从句 who has limited resources 和 they wouldnt otherwise be able to,分别修饰先行词 someone 和 materials and equipment。后 者省略了关系代词 which/that。 句意 它们是资源有限的人可以自由获取他们在其他地方无法获得的材料和设备的地方。 【高频词汇】 1.assumption n.假定;假设 2.approximately adv.大概;大约 3.credible adj.可信的;可靠的 4.senior n. 较年长的人 5.bond v.把紧紧地连接到;增强(与某人的)信任关系