外研（2020）选修一unit2语言知识点总结.docx

1、 1 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 一、一、重点短语重点短语 1.give up 为动词短语,表示“放弃”,其后可跟名词、代词或动词-ing 形 式。 I was on the point of giving up when my best friend encouraged me to go on. 我正要放弃时,我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。 【词汇拓展】 give in to sb/sth 向投降/屈服/让步;上交 give away 赠送;给予;泄露 give back 归还;恢复 give off 发出(气味、气体等) give out 散发(声、光、热等);用

2、完;耗尽;分发 Finally,the enemy had to give in to us. 最后,敌人不得不向我们投降。 2.inform sb of sth 通知/告知某人某事 2 inform sb that.通知某人 keep sb informed of.使某人随时了解 Please inform us of any change of address as soon as possible.地址如有 变更请尽快通知我们。 3.have.in common with 与有共同之处 have something in common 有一些共同点 have nothing in com

3、mon 无共同之处 I have something in common with Jane. 我和简有一些共同之处。 4. make comments/a comment on/about sth 评论某事 comment on sth 评论某事 He made a comment on/about my performance. 他对我的表现进行了点评。 5.turn away 拒绝入内;把打发走 turn up 出现;露面;调大 turn out 证明是;结果是;赶走;生产 3 turn over 打翻;翻身;移交 Some compromises were unavoidable,bu

4、t the video turned out perfect. 一些妥协是不可避免的,但视频结果是极好的。 6.work on= work at,表示 “从事,致力于” ,其后跟名词或动词-ing 形式。 He is working on a new novel. 他正在写一部新小说。 【词汇拓展】 work out 解决;算出;锻炼 His doctor has worked out a safe treatment plan for him.他的医生给他制 订了一个安全的治疗方案。 7.make a response to 对做出回答/应 in response to 对做出反应 resp

5、ond v.回答;响应;反应 respond to 答复;对做出反应 I want to know why the teacher made no response to the students mistake. 我想知道老师为什么没有对这个学生所犯的错误做出反应。 4 8.due to 表示“由于,因为” 。 I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.我想 我之所以长寿而且精力充沛,要归功于我的健康生活。 【词汇拓展】 due adj.应支付的,应给予的;到期的;预定的 be due to

6、do sth 预定/计做某事 be due for sth 预定/计某事 (be)due to sb 应支付/给予/归于某人 Rose is due to start school in January.罗斯一月份就要开始上学了。 9.inspire vt.启迪,赋予灵感;激励,鼓舞 inspire sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的 inspired adj.受到鼓舞的;有灵感的 The teacher inspires his students to give their opinions actively even if they are d

7、ifferent from his own. 老师鼓励他的学生积极地给出他们的意见,即使他们与他自己的不同。 10.It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事。 5 worthwhile doing 值得做 be (well)worth doing (非常)值得做 be worth the money/an effort/a try 值得花钱/努力/一试 be worth it 值得一干;值得花精力(或时间) She is an ordinary woman but she is really worth respecting. 她是个普通的女人,但她真的值得

8、尊重。 11.be enthusiastic about 对热心,热衷于 enthusiasm n.热情;热忱 enthusiast n.热衷者 My friend Jack is enthusiastic about travelling. 我的朋友杰克热衷于旅行。 Mr Smith is a golfing enthusiast. 史密斯先生是一个高尔夫球爱好者。 Successful people do things with great enthusiasm,especially when they believe in what they are doing. 成功的人做事很有热情,

9、尤其是当他们对自己所做的事有信念的时候。 12.have a(n).effect on 对产生影响 6 come into effect 见效;起作用 in effect 实际上 affect v.影响;感染;感动 pete with/against.for.为争取而与对抗/竞争 compete in 参加比赛;在方面竞争 competitive adj.有竞争力的 competition n.比赛 competitor n.竞争者;对手 We cant compete against/with other countries if we dont develop our national e

10、conomy.如果我们不发展我们的国民经济,我们就不能与其他 国家竞争。 二、重点句式 1.This,however,was a time when women were not encouraged to become writers.然而,这是一个不鼓励女性成为作家的时代。 【句式剖析】该句子中 when 引导定语从句,修饰先行词 a time。 He will always remember the day when his father returned from America. 7 他将永远记得他父亲从美国返回的那一天。 【句式拓展】 (1)当 when 引导定语从句时,大多数时候

11、定语从句的先行词都是比较 明显的时间词,比如:time,year,month 等。但是,有一些抽象的先行词具 有模糊时间概念的,比如:stay,visit,occasion,interval,moment,span,age 等。 此时,如果定语从句需要用关系副词连接,同样也用 when。 I will brand my golden stay in Paris on my heart when I led a fruitful life. 我会将我在巴黎那段收获颇丰的日子铭记于心。 (2)when 还可引导时间状语从句,用来修饰动词,表示动作或状态发生 的时间。 James pretended

12、 to be deaf when I spoke to him. 当我和詹姆斯说话时,他假装听不见. 2.So,it seems that talent alone isnt enough to guarantee success.因此,似 乎仅凭才能不足以保证成功。 【句式剖析】 It seems that.表示“看起来”,强调根据一定的事实所 得出的一种接近于实际情况的判断。该句式可以转换成“名词或代词 +seem+动词不定式”句型,其意不变,如果动词不定式为 to be + 形容词 时,to be 往往省略。 3.It seems that no one knows what has h

13、appened in the park.=No one 8 seems to know what has happened in the park. 看起来没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。 【句式拓展】 It seems as if.也表示“看起来;似乎”。该句型表示可能:若从 句表示的是很可能实现的事情,从句谓语用陈述语气;若从句表示的是 与事实相反的假设或实现的可能性很小的事情时,则从句谓语要用虚 拟语气。 It seems as if it were autumn. 现在仿佛是秋天似的。 On the fourth day,I was so tired that I even didnt

14、 want to get out of bed. 第四天,我累得都不想起床。 【句式剖析】该句子中包含 so.that 引导的结果状语从句。so.that. 意为“如此以至于”。 The man is so fat that he cant take care of himself. 那个人太胖了,以至于连自己都照顾不了。 4.Nevertheless,looking on the bright side is the best thing that we can do for ourselves as well as for others.然而,乐观是我们能为自己和他人做 的最好的事情。 【句式剖析】该句子中 looking on the bright side 为动词-ing 形式作主 9 语;that we can do for ourselves 为定语从句修饰先行词 the best thing。 动词-ing 形式作主语可放在句首,谓语动词用单数。 动词-ing 形式作主 语往往表示比较笼统的、一般的或习惯性的动作。 Reading good books makes us happy. 读好书使我们快乐。