十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019） 英语 专题10 定语从句 Word版含解析.doc

1、 十年高考真题分类汇编（十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019）英语英语 专题专题 10 定语从句定语从句 (2010福建T24)Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. which D. whose2 【答案】B 【解析】先行词为 planet, 表示地点, 故用 where。 (2010湖南T28)Ive become good friends with several of the stud

2、ents in my school I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which 【答案】A 【解析】该空引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词 the students, 且在从句中作 met 的宾 语, 故选关系代词 who, 即 A 项。 (2010江西T31)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour. A wh

3、ere B who C which D what 【答案】A 【解析】先行词为 centre, she would stay for an hour 不缺宾语或主语, 故要填状语, 表 地点用 where。 (2010山东T24)Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. What 【答案】C 【解析】句意应为 “那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。”空格处引导定语 从句并且在从句中作定语使用, 所以使用 whose。 (2010山东T26)Wind power i

4、s an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 【答案】C 【解析】 考查介词+which 的用法。 =Wind power is an ancient source of energy which that we may return to in the near future. (2010天津T8)-Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? -Y

5、ou should try the barbers I go. Its only 15. A. as B. which C. where D. that 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你能相信我理一次发得花 20 美元吗？你应该到我去的那家理发 店试试, 只需要 15 美元。 句中 the barbers 是先行词, 从句中 go 是不及物动词, 所选关系 代词在从句中作状语, 所以要用 where。 (2010四川T10)After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a

6、 wise decision. A. that B. which C. when D. where 【答案】B 【解析】 此处应为 which 引导的非限制性定语从句, which 代替前边整个句子。 句意为： “大学毕业后, 我们休假一段时间去旅游, 这结果证明是一个明智的决定。” (2010全国卷 IT24)As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_ is named after his grandfather. A. which B. where C. what D. that 【答案】A 【解析】句意：还是孩子的时候, Jack 在

7、以他祖父命名的乡村学校学习。根据选项此 题考查从句, 空格设置在名词school后, 且school后有逗号, 此题考查非限定性定语从句。 定语从句所修饰的先行词是 school, 它在定于从句中做主语, 因此使用关系代词, 选项中 的关系代词只有 which 和 that, 由于是非限定性定语从句, 不能使用 that, 因此选择 A。 (2010江苏T32)The newly built caf , the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard w

8、ork. A. that B. it C. what D. which 【答案】D 【解析】定语从句表示咖啡屋的墙 (2010陕西T11)The old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. A. where B. which C. its D. whose 【答案】D 【解析】所填词引导定语从句, 先行词是 the old temple, 关系词在从句中做 roof 的定 语, 用关系代词 whose, 选 D。其余选项与题意不符。 (2010全国卷 IIT16)I refuse to accept the blame

9、 for something _was someone elses fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what 【答案】B 【解析】不定代词 something 作主语, 用 that 引导。 (2010湖北T77)My mother was so proud of all _（我所做的）that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. (do) 【答案】that I had done 【解析】先行词是 “all”的时候, 定语从句只能由 “that”引导, 又因为主句是一般过去 时, “我”所做的事情是过去已经完成的事情,

10、所以要用过去完成时。 (2010湖北T80)_(正如我们强调的那样)many times, “serve the people” is our first policy. (stress) 【答案】As we have stressed 【解析】当句子以整个主句作为先行词, 又放在主句前的非限定性定语从句只能由 “as”来引导, 主句的内容作定语从句谓语动词的宾语 (2010北京T27)Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A. what B. whose C. which D.

11、 that 【答案】B 【解析】不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。较简单。本定语从句不缺 成分, 为主系表结构, 因此只能在考虑填关系副词。A 中的 What 不能引导定语从句。选 B. whose 谁的, 符合题意。 (2010重庆T3)In china, the number of cities is increasing _development is recognized across the world. A. where B. which C. whose D. that 【答案】C 【解析】development 与先行词 cities 之间是所属关系, 所以选 who

12、se。句意是：在中 国, 城市的数量在增加, 城市的发展被全世界意识到。 (2010浙江T25)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city. A. whom B. which C. them D. those 【答案】A 【解析】由 many 之后的逗号和选项特征, 此处是主从句关系, 排除 C、D 项。由于先 行词是 “1,000 people”, 表示人, 故用 whom。句意为：这里居住着将近 1000 人, 他们

13、中的 许多人都背井离乡去城市追求更好的生活。 (2011全国卷IT31)The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what 【答案】C 【解析】本题主句中的先行词 writer 和从句中的主语 story 有所属关系，译为作者的 故事，因此选 C。句子的意思是：我们的奖金会留给故事情节最富有想象力的作者。 (2011全国卷IIT7)Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T

14、-shirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather A. this B. that C. what D. which 【答案】D 【解析】分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，首先排除 A 和 C；根据空前的逗号可 知，该句为非限制性定语扶句，排除 B。该从句应用 which 引导，which 在从句中作主语， 代指前丽的整个句子。 (2011北京T26)Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _, of course, make all the others upset. A

15、. who B. which C. what D. that 【答案】B 【解析】逗号后的非限定性定语从句中缺少主语，which 引导非限制性定语从句，指 代整个主句部分的内容。选择 which。 (2011上海T39)Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family. A. which B. where C. when D. as 【答案】A 【解析】 先行词为 the bus station， 从句中谓语动词 hire 后差宾语， 故用关系代词 which。 (2011山

16、东T32)The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other. A. they B. where C. what D. that 【答案】D 【解析】关系代词 that 代替先行词 small houses，在从句中作主语。句意为：这座古 老的城镇街道狭窄，小房子挨得很近。 (2011江西T34)She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _had taken more than three years. A.

17、for which B. with which C. of which D. to which 【答案】C 【解析】先行词为 museum，在从句中充当定语，博物馆的建造工程花费了超过三年 的时间。介词用 of。选 C。 (2011江苏T24)Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream. A. when B. where C. that D. which 【答案】A 【解析】句意：音乐会的两大构成部分中间有幕间休息时间，在这段时间里观众可以 去买冰激凌。When 引导

18、的定语从句修饰 an interval，when 在从句中作时间状语。首先解 析句子结构，判断从句类型，题干说“在音乐会中间有间歇，此时你可以买冰激凌。”题干 的前半部分完整无缺，后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可以干的事，所以这是一个非限定性 定语从句，先行词为 interval，非限定性定语从句的功能就是对先行词进行补充说明。由 于从句部分不缺少主干成分，而且 interval 表时间，所以正确答案为 A (2011安徽T28)Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or thr

19、ee weeks. A. when B. which C. where D. while 【答案】A 【解析】句意为：剩下的任何东西都可以放入冰箱，在那里可以保存两三周。本题考 查非限制性定语从句的关系副词。由句型结构可以看出，该题中的先行词 refrigerator 在从 句中作介词的宾语，该介宾结构在定语从句中作地点状语，故选择关系副词 where。when 在从句中作时间状语；which 在从句中作主语或宾语；while 是连词，不能用于定语从句。 (2011浙江T8)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ea

20、ch of _ uses it somewhat differently. A. which B. what C. them D. those 【答案】A 【解析】 本句中的先行词是 several diverse cultures， 先行词在从句中做 each of 的宾语， 所有应用关系代词 which。 (2011浙江T10)A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. A. when B. that C. where

21、D. there 【答案】C 【解析】本句中的先行词是 the place.，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以应该用 关系副词 where。 (2011福建T24)She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other. A. which B. where C. what D. who 【答案】A 【解析】分析句子成分可知，an atmosphere 与修饰它的定语从句被 for her students 隔 开，该从句缺少主语

22、，所以用 which。 (2011福建T33)It was April 29,2001 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. Athat Bwhen Csince Dbefore 【答案】B 【解析】去掉It was及that后，April 29，2011不可以单独作时间状语，所以不是强调句 型。用when引导定语从句修饰April29，2011。 (2011四川T17)The school shop, _ customers are mainly stude

23、nts, is closed few the holidays. A. which B. whose C. when D. where 【答案】D 【解析】此处 whose 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 shop，在定语从句中作 customers 的定语。句意为“这个学校商店，其主顾大多是学生，因为放假就关门 了。” (2011天津T10)The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. A. when B. that C. where D. which 【答案】A 【解析】句意为：whe

24、n 引导定语从句修饰 The day。are gone 为插入语。句意为：全 部靠体力挣钱谋生的时代已经过去了。 (2011陕西T11)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. A. which B. where C. who D. that 【答案】B 【解析】先行词是 hill，表地点，定语从句 we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake .句子 成分中缺少状语，所以应用关系副词 where。 ，答案选择 (201

25、1湖南T25)Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _ she spoke fluently. A. who B. whom C. which D. that 【答案】C 【解析】介词后只能使用的关系代词是 which, who, whose, 因为句子中关系词指代是 语言，故选 C；句意：Julie 擅长德语、法语和俄语，这三种语言她说得都很流利。 (2012浙江T17) _ Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _, for some reason, had withdr

26、awn from all human society. A. which B. who C. where D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】who 引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中做主语，修饰先行词 Ellen（人名） 。 Which 修行先行词是物的定语从句；whom 修饰先行词为人，且在从句中做宾语；where 修饰先行词是地点名词，且在从句中地点状语，均不符合语境，故排除。 (2012浙江T9) We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A. why B. whe

27、n C. to whom D. on which 【答案】B 【解析】when 引导定义从句，在从句中做时间状语，修饰先行词 an age（时代）. 此 处的 when=at which。 (2012江苏T22)After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. A. which B. who C. where D. what 【答案】B 【解析】指人的先行词people在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系

28、代词who 引导。故选B项。 (2012重庆T29) Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales A. which B. that C. when D. where 【答案】D 【解析】“position”为先行词，后面是其定语从句，关系词在从句中作的是地点状语， 因此，应该使用关系副词“where”来引导定语从句。因此，正确答案为 D 选项。 (2012四川T13)In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasse

29、s. A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查定语从句。前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人称代词 them 而应用关系代词 whom 引导定语从句；在 46 个学生当中，表所属，应用 of。故答案 选 C。 (2012陕西T14)It is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all. A. that B. where C. which D. what 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。所填词前有逗号，是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主

30、 句，关系词在从句中做主语，选 C。其余选项与题干不符。 (2012北京T26)When deeply absorbed in work, _ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B. which C. where D. when 【答案】B 【解析】非限制性定语从句，which 作表语。 (2012全国卷 IIT8)That evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B.

31、which C. what D. when 【答案】B 【解析】 这里 that evening 是先行词，其在定语从句中作介词 about 的宾语，所以用 which。 句意：以后我将和你谈起的那个晚上，我工作到了很晚。 【考点定位】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。 (2012天津T7)I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _help I would never have got this far. A.who B. whose C. whom D. which 【答案】B 【解析】考查介词加关系代词引导的定语从句。根据句意没有他的帮助，我不会走这

32、么远。故填 whose 表所属关系。 (2013上海T38)An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _ interact with one another. A. that B. where C. who D. what 【答案】A 【解析】 题干的意思是： “生态系统是由一个区域里相互作用的生物和非生物构成的”。 分析句子结构，_ interact with one another 是定语从句，先行词是 the living and nonliving things，通过还原法可知，先行词在从句中

33、作主语，不是人，所以用 that。务必 记住：what 不可引导定语从句。 (2013浙江T13)The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built. A. what B. where C. when D. why 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。where 引导的定语从句修饰 platform，where 再从句中充当地 点状语。解题思路：1.确定从句类型，主句主干完整，可判断出是定语从

34、句而非名词性从 句；2.查找先行词；3.判断从句主干是否完整，确定关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当什 么成分。句意为这家博物馆将在春天开放，有一个展览和一个观看平台，在这个平台上参 观者可以看到正在建造一个大玻璃屋。 (2013重庆T24)John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members. Athem Bthat Cwhich Dwhom 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查定语从句。逗号之后是一个非限定性定语从句，关系词 that 只能 引导限定性定语从句，排除；先行词是 people，which 只能指

35、物，排除选项 C；如果用 them， 则逗号之后应该加上一个连词 and，排除。 (2013陕西T16) is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. A. It B. That C. What D. As 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查定语从句。as 在此句中引导非限定性定语从句，放在句首，同时在 从句中作主语，为正确答案；如果用 it 或者 that，那么整个句子中缺少一个连词，排除选 项 A 和 B； 如果用 what，逗号前面应该是一个主语从句，主语从句之后应该是谓语动词，

36、而不是逗号之后再来一个句子，排除。句意为等医生到的时候，Amy 好多了，孩子都这 样。 (2013 四 川 T9)Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live. A. what B. which C. when D. where 【答案】 D 【解析】the environment 是先行词，在定语从句中做地点状语，“他们生活在这个环 境中”，故用关系代词 where。 (2013山东T35)Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut

37、off from the outside world. A. when B. where C. which D. whom 【答案】C 【解析】定语从句的先行词为 island，而先行词在从句中所做的成分是主语，所以用 关系代词 that或 which；when 和 where 引导定语从句时用做状语；而 whom 引导定语从句 时做宾语。句意为最终他们到达了一个完全与外界隔绝的荒岛上。 (2013山东T31)There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science. A. as B. that C. when D. where 【答案

38、】A 【解析】本题考查 as 引导的非限制性定语从句。That 是不可以引导非限制性定语从 的；而 when 和 where 引导定语从句时不做主语。句意为没有简单的答案，正如科学界的 许多情况一样。 (2013辽宁T34)He may win the competition, _ he is likely to get into the national team. Ain which case Bin that case Cin what case Din whose case 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构，He may win the competition

39、 为 主句，剩下的只可以为从句，故先排除 B。本题中，in which case 引导非限制性定语从句， 相当于 and in that case。所以选 A。 (2013江西T33)He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident. A. what B. which C. where D. how 【答案】C 【解析】解题关键是判断定语从句关联词的选择方法，即：根据先行词在定语从句中 做的成分来判断。本题中先行词 letter 在从句中做地点状语，因此，正确答案为 C。句意 为他写了一封信，在信中他解释了事故

40、中发生的一切。 (2013江苏T32)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China， _ he remembers starting as early as his childhood. Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。先行词为 passion，定语从句中缺少宾语，故用 关系代词 which。句意：世界银行总裁说他记得早在童年时代就开始了对中国的热爱。故 B 正确。 (2013湖南T21)Happiness and success often com

41、e to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths. A. whom B. who C. what D. which 【答案】B 【解析】who 指代先行词 those（那些人） ，在从句中做主语， whom 不能做主语， which 指物，what 不能引导定语从句，故选择 B。 (2013福建T27)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected. A. whose B. that C. who D.

42、 which 【答案】A 【解析】_ lives were affected.是定语从句，修饰 those，从句的主语是_ lives， 缺修饰语，所以选 whose。 (2013北京T27)Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected. A. when B. which C. whose D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 空处之后是一个定语从句， 先行词是 park， 在定语从句中作地点状语， “in the park”，故应该选用关系副词 where。句意为

43、许多国家都在建立国家公园，可以保护很多动 植物。 (2013安徽T29)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _ made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams come true Ait BThat Cwhat Dwhich 【答案】D 【解析】首先根据句意确定逗号之后是一个非限定性定语从句，锁定正确答案是 which；that 不能引导非限定性定语从句，排除；what 不能引导定语从句，排除；如果用 it， 根据句子结构，它的前面缺少一个连词，排除。句意为莫言被授

44、予 2012 年诺贝尔文 学奖，使得中国人长久以来的一个梦想成真了。 (2013天津T6)We have launched another manmade satellite，_ is announced in todays newspaper. A. that B. which Cwho Dwhat 【答案】B 【解析】本句中 which 指代的就是前面整句话的内容，即我们又发射了一颗人造卫星 这件事，可翻译成“这一点”。 (2013全国卷 IIT4)When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _ I would be staying. A.

45、 what B. when C. where D. which 【答案】C 【解析】空处之后是一个定语从句，解题关键就是看关系词在定语从句中作什么成 分。这个句子中，先行词是 house，在定语从句中，做地点状语，即：I would be staying in the house，所以要用关系副词 where。 (2013全国卷 IT33) “You cant judge a book by its cover,” _ . A. as the saying goes old B. goes as the old saying C. as the old saying goes D. goes

46、as old the saying 【答案】C 【解析】go old 意思是“变老”，和题意不符，故排除选项 A。选项 B 和 D 显然使用了 全倒装语序，但本句不满足条件，不可能作为本题的正确答案。所以最佳答案是选项 C， 其中的 as 引导的非限制性定语从句，意思是“如一样”。 (2013浙江T5)The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out. A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom 【答案】D 【解析】非限制性定语从句，介词 of

47、后用 whom 指代着前面的 children。解题思路： 1.数谓语，句子中有两个谓语，需要连词，排除 C；2.确定从句类型，主句主干完整，可 判断出是定语从句而非名词性从句，排除 A；3.先行词是人，排除 B，选择 D。 (2014安徽T22)The exact year_Anglela and her family spent together in China was 2008. Awhen BWhere Cwhy Dwhich 【答案】D 【解析】本题先行词为 year，在定语从句中作及物动词 spent 的宾语，因此选用关系 代词 which。 (2014北京T26)I borrowed the book Sh