人教版 八年级上册 Unit 7 同步知识讲义及精选练习题（含答案）.doc

1、 1 八上八上 Unit 7 Will people have robots? 重点词汇重点词汇 1. 污染 n. pollution - 污染 v. pollute - 被污染的 adj. polluted 2. 环境 n. environment - 环境的 adj. environmental 3. 和平 n. peace - 和平的 adj. peaceful 4. 建造 v. build - 建筑物 n. building 5. 危险的 adj. dangerous - 危险 n. danger 6. 可能的 adj. possible - 可能地 adv. possibly 7.

2、相信 v. believe - 可信的 adj. believable - 不信任的 adj. unbelievable 8. 同意 v. agree - 同意 n. agreement - 不同意 v. disagree - 不一致 n. disagreement 9. 参与做某事；发挥作用 play a part in doing sth. 10. 多次、反复地 over and over again 11. 成百上千的 hundreds of 12. 突然倒下；跌倒 fall down 13. 寻找 look for 14. 处于极大的危险中 be in great danger 15.

3、 拯救地球 save the earth 16. 在乡村 in the country/countryside 17. 同意某人的观点 agree with sb. 18. 在电脑上 on computers 19. 活到 200 岁 live to be 200 years old 20. 太空站 space station 21. 感到厌烦 get bored 22. 醒来 wake up 23. 度假 take a holiday 24. 更少的污染 less pollution 25. 让某人做某事 make sb. do sth. 26. 不得不做某事 have to do sth.

4、 核心知识核心知识 1. Do you think there will be robots in peoples homes? 你认为人们家里将会有机器人吗？你认为人们家里将会有机器人吗？ （1）Do you think.?结构通常用来征求对方的意见或看法，后面接宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序。其后 的简略回答应以从句内容作简略回答，本句的肯定回答用Yes，there will.，否定回答用No，there wont.。 Do you think there will be robots in school? 你认为学校将来会有机器人吗？ Yes, there will. 是的，会有。 （2）t

5、here will be 是 there be 句型的一般将来时形式，意为将有，也可用 there is/are going to be 来表示。 There will (are going to) be a lot of personal cars in our town. 在我们小镇上将会有许多私家车。 例题： 1）_ to improve our environment? A. What do you think we should do B. Do you think what we should do C. What do you think should we do D. Do y

6、ou think what should we do 【答案】A 2）There _ a football match in this school next week. A. will have B. is going to have C. will be D. is 【答案】C 2. Books will only be on computers, not on paper. 书将只会在电脑上出现，而不会以纸张的形式书将只会在电脑上出现，而不会以纸张的形式出现。出现。 paper 意为“纸，纸张”，是不可数名词。“一张纸”用 a piece of paper 表示，“两张纸”用 two p

7、ieces of paper 表示。 注意注意 辨析辨析 on the paper & in the paper Can you give me two pieces of paper? 你能给我两张纸吗？ 2 3. Will people use money in 100 years? 100 年以后人们还会使用钱吗？年以后人们还会使用钱吗？ in 100 years 意为在 100 年以后，其中 in 为介词，其后跟一段时间表示在之后，通常用于一 般将来时，对其提问时须用 how soon(多久)。 My uncle will come back in two weeks. 我叔叔两周后回

8、来。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 in 与与 after in 和 after 都可以表示在之后，它们的用法如下： in 用来表示以现在为起点的将来某一段时间，后接时间段，通常用于一般将来时 after 既可接时间点，又可接时间段 例题： We will finish building a new house _ about six weeks this year. A. at B. on C. to D. in 【答案】D 4. There will be (more/less/fewer) people. 将会有（更多将会有（更多/更少更少/更少的）人。更少的）人。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】

9、 less，fewer 与与 more less 较少的，更少的， little 的比较级 修饰不可数名词 People will have less free time. 人们将会有更少的空闲时间。 fewer 较少的， 更少的， few 的比较级 修饰可数名词复数 There will be fewer mistakes in your homework if you are more careful. 如果你更仔细一点， 你的作业里会有更少的错误。 more 更多的，many 和 much 的比较级 修饰可数名词复 数、不可数名词 There will be more people an

10、d more pollution. 将会有更多的人和更多的污染。 【注意】 1. less 也可作副词，意为较少地，更少地，常用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其反义词为 more，用法 与 less 相同。 Eat less，drink less and sleep more. 少吃，少喝，多睡觉。 2. few，little 含有否定意味，意为几乎没有；a few，a little 含有肯定意味，意为一点，一些。 例题： They did _ work with _ money and _ people. 【答案】A A. more；less；fewer B. less；fewer；less C

11、. more；fewer；more D. less；less；less 5. Well, cities will be more crowded and polluted. 哦，城市将会更拥挤并被污染得更严重。哦，城市将会更拥挤并被污染得更严重。 pollute 为动词，意为污染。句中polluted为形容词，意为被污染的。 Bicycle is a good exercise. It doesnt pollute the air. 自行车是一种好的运动，它不污染环境。 Air pollution is a great problem now. 现在空气污染是个大问题。 例题： Now _ i

12、s very serious. Some rivers and lakes are _.【答案】C A. pollution；pollute B. polluted；pollution C. pollution；polluted D. pollute；polluted 3 6. So what will the future be like? 那么，未来会是神那么，未来会是神马样子？马样子？ What willbe like?为固定句式，意为“将会怎么样？” What will the weather be like tomorrow? 明天天气将会怎么样？ 【知识拓展】【知识拓展】 What

13、s sb. like?“某人怎么样？”，常用于询问某人的性格、品质等。 Whats Tom like?汤姆怎么样？ He is funny. 他滑稽有趣。 7. Today there are already robots working in factories. 如今已经有机器如今已经有机器人在工厂里工作了。人在工厂里工作了。 There be+ sb/sth +doing sth表示有某人或某物正在做某事，该句型常用来强调动作，一般对进 行时态进行强调。 There are many children playing on the playground. 有很多孩子在操场上玩耍。 The

14、re is a girl singing under the tree. 树下有个女孩在唱歌。 8. such adj. & adv. 这样的这样的 & 这样地这样地 【辨析】【辨析】 such 与与 so sucha/anadj.可数名词单数 suchadj.可数名词复数/不可数名词 soadj.a/an可数名词单数 soadj./adv. 【巧学妙记】【巧学妙记】 巧记巧记 such/so 的用法的用法 名前 such，形(副)前 so；多多少少(many，much，few，little)也用 so； little 一词特殊记，小用 such，少用 so。 例题： 1）I dont thi

15、nk Ken did _ stupid thing, did he? A A. such a B. a such C. so a D. a so 2）The First Huaguoshan International Golf Open was _ success that we enjoyed ourselves very much. A. such a great B. a such great C. so a great D. a so great【答案】A such as 例如；像这样 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】such as 与与 like such as? 用来列举同类人或事物中的

16、几个例子， 后面可跟名词、代词或动名词。 Boys such as John and James are very friendly. 像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很友好。? like 与 such as 可互换。 但若 such as 分开使 用，则不可互换。 He knows many languages, like English and Chinese. 他会多门语言，例如英语和汉语。 9. However, they agree it may take hundreds of years. 然而，他们一致认为这可能然而，他们一致认为这可能要花费数百年的时间。要花费数百年的时间。 （1）

17、agree 动词，意为一致认为；同意，在本句中，后面跟了从句。 agree to do sth 意为同意做某事 4 He agreed to give me more time. 他同意多给我一些时间。 agree with 表示同意某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等，对象是人或人的观点，意为同意；赞成。 I agree with you/your idea. 我同意你的意见/想法。 agree 单独使用，表示同意、答应等。 I asked him to help me and he agreed. 我请求他帮我，他答应了。 （2）hundreds of 数百的，成百上千的。 Hundreds o

18、f people were killed in the earthquake. 那次地震中有数百人死亡。 hundred 百，thousand 千，million 百万，这几个词前面有具体的数词（one，two.）时，不能在它们的后 面加-s 和 of。 five hundred people 五百人 eight million dollars 八百万美元 若表示一个不确定的数目，则前面没有具体数字，其后要加-s，而且与 of 连用。可以加 some，several 等。 hundreds of/thousands of/millions of +复数名词表示数百的/数千的/数百万的 mill

19、ions of trees 几百万棵树 thousands of tourists 成千上万名游客 例题： 1）I hope you can _ me. A. agree with B. agree about C. agree to D. agree on 【答案】A 2）_ volunteers will give out leaflets to ask people to protect the wetlands. A. Two hundreds B. Hundreds of C. Two hundred of D. Hundred of 【答案】B 10. If buildings f

20、all down with people inside, these snake robots can help look for people under the buildings. 如果建筑物倒塌了，人被困在里面，这些蛇形机器人能帮助寻找（埋）在建筑物下面的人。如果建筑物倒塌了，人被困在里面，这些蛇形机器人能帮助寻找（埋）在建筑物下面的人。 fall down 表示突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌。 The old lady fell down in the street and broke her leg. 那个老太太在街上跌倒了，摔断了腿。 An earthquake happened and

21、many houses fell down. 地震发生了，许多房屋都倒塌了。 【知识拓展】【知识拓展】 跟 fall 有关的短语还有： fall off 表示从落下；掉下；摔下 Leaves fall off the trees in autumn. 秋天，树叶纷纷从树上掉下来。 He had fallen off a ladder and hurt his leg. 他从梯子上摔下来，伤了腿。 fall into 意为掉到里；陷入（困难）。 He fell into the river yesterday. 昨天他掉进了河里。 落后 fall behind 入睡 fall asleep 爱上

22、 fall in love with 例题： The boy _ off the bike and hurt his leg yesterday. A. fall B. fell C. falls D. will fall 【答案】B 11. Will we have to move to other planets? other 作形容词，意为“别的、其它的”。 There are other ways to do this exercise. 5 【拓展】other, the other, another, others 和 the others 辨析 other: 意为“别的、其它的”，

23、常用来修饰可数名词。 the other: 表示“两者中另一个”，是特指；the other 之后也可以加复数名词，特指“其它的”。 another: 表示“三者中另一个”。 others: 用作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”是复数概念。 the others: 特指在一个整体中的“其余的人或物（全部）”。 例题： 1）We study Chinese, English, Math and other subjects. 2）There are three people in the room. One is a girl and the other two are boys. 3）You sho

24、uld think of others. 4）There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls and the others are boys. 语法详解语法详解 一般将来时一般将来时 一般将来时基本概念一般将来时基本概念 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。由助动词 shall 或 will 加动词原形构成，shall 用于第一人称，will 用于第二、三人称。除英国外的说英语的国家，在陈述 句中， 即使在第一人称一般也用 will， 在英国也有这种趋势。 在口语中，

25、常用 shall, will 的缩写形式为ll , 如： Ill, youll 等。shall not 的缩写式为：shant, will not 的缩写式为：wont. 肯定句：I/We shall/will go. You/He/She/They will go. 否定句：I/We shall/will not go. You/He/She/They will not go. 疑问句：Shall I/we go ? Will you/he/she/they go? 一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用 tomorrow（明天） ， next we

26、ek（下周） ， from now on（从现在开始） ；in the future（将来）等。 其时间状语有如下几种： 1. this 引导的短语 如：this year 2. tomorrow 及其相关短语 如：tomorrow morning 3. next 引导的短语 如：next month 4. from now on；in the future；in an hour 等。 一般将来时的五种用法一般将来时的五种用法 （1）Will/Shall+ 动词原形 表示将要发生的动作或情况。如： I will (shall) arrive tomorrow. 我明天到。 We wont (s

27、hant ) be busy this evening. 我们今晚不忙。 在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指 未来的动作或情况。如： Will she come? 她（会）来吗？ Well only stay for two weeks. 我们只待两星期。 The meeting wont last long. 会开不了多久。 在以第一人称 I 或 we 作主语的问句中，一般使用助动词 shall，这时或是征求对方的意见，或是询问一 6 个情况： Where shall we meet? 我们在哪儿碰头？ Shall we have an

28、y classes tomorrow? 明天我们有课吗？ 在这类问句中，近年来也有不少人用 will，特别是在美国。如： How will I get there? 我怎么去？ （2）be going to+动词原形 表示打算、准备做的事。如： How are you going to spend your holidays? 假期你准备怎样过？ 表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。如： I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪了。 Theres going to be a lot of trouble about this. 这事肯定会有很多麻烦。 will句型与be

29、going to句型区别：前者表示纯粹将来，后者表示打算、计划、准备做的事情，更 强调主语的主观意愿。如： Tomorrow will be Saturday. 明天是周六了。 We are going to visit Paris this summer. 今年夏天我们打算游览巴黎。 （3）用现在进行时表示。 表示位置转移的动词（如：go, come, leave, start, come, go, arrive, reach 等） ，可用现在进行时态表示按计 划安排即将发生的动作。如： Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要来了。 Im leaving for Beijin

30、g. 我要去北京。 （4）用一般现在时表示。 某些词，如 come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay, live, fly 等的一般现在时也可表示根据规定或时间表预计 要发生的动作。如： The new term starts (begins) on August 29th. 新学期八月二十九日开学。 He gets off at the next stop. 他下一站下车。 The train leaves at 12：00. 火车 12 点离站。 当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时，时间和条件的状语从句必须用一般现在时表将来。如： If it does

31、nt rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨，我们将出去野餐。 Turn off the lights before you leave. 走前关灯。 Ill write to her when I have time. 我有空会给她写信。 （5）be to+动词原形和 be about to+动词原形表示将来。 be to+动词原形表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。如： Are we to go on with this work? 我们继续干吗？ The boy is to go to school tomorrow. 这个

32、男孩明天要去上学。 He is to visit Japan next year. 明年他将访问日本。 be about to+动词原形表示即将发生的动作，意为：很快，马上。后面一般不跟时间状语。如： We are about to leave. 我们马上就走。学科&网 there be 句型中一般将来时的用法句型中一般将来时的用法 7 There will be There is/are going to be There is going to be a basketball match this afternoon. 今天下午将有一场篮球。 There will be a party i

33、n his house. 他家将要举行一个聚会。 （6）与条件状语从句和时间状语从句搭配使用时，从句用一般现在时表示，主句用一般将来时。如： If it is fine tomorrow, well go swimming. 如果明天天气好的话，我们将去游泳。 When he comes back, Ill tell him to call you back. 他回来后，我会告诉他给你回电话。 （7）在祈使句+and/or+陈述句句型中，陈述句只能用 will 或情态动词加动词原形。如： Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 努力学习，你就会通过考试。

34、Work hard, or you will fail your exam. 努力学习，否则你会不及格的。 语法练习语法练习 . 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Bob and I _(watch) an action movie tomorrow. will watch 2. We _ (be) able to go to space in the future. will be 3. The children _ (discuss) the plan after school. will discuss 4. Mark _ (not have) an

35、y classes next week. wont have 5. I _ (take) some piano lessons next year. am going to take/will take II. 单项选择单项选择 1. I fell in love with Shanghai on my first trip, so I decide I _ in it in 10 years. A A. will live B. lives C. lived D. has lived 2. Will there be more people in 100 years? _. C A. No,

36、 there isnt B. No, there arent C. No, there wont D. No, they wont 3. I hope everything _ free in the future. C A.is B. was C. will be D. will 4. Will there be less pollution? _. D A. Yes, therell B. Yes, there will not C. No, therell not D. No, there wont 5. Shall we hang out in Great Bazaar (大巴扎) t

37、omorrow? Im afraid not. _ the final game of the World Cup on TV. B A. There is B. There will be C. There will have D. There is going to have 6. If you _ to the party, you will have a great time. A A. go B. will go C. goes D. went 7. We are glad to hear that the Greens _ to a new flat next week. C A.

38、 move B. moved C. will move D. moving 8. Mr. Smith _ a talk on country music next Monday. D A. give B. gave C. is giving D. will give 9. Have you watched the new movie A dogs Purpose, Steven? Not yet. I _ it with my cousin this evening. A A. will watch B. was watching C. watched D. have watched 10.

39、People usually like the TV channels with funnier programmes but _ advertisements. C A. few B. little C. fewer D. less 8 11. My aunt _ me to Europe for vacation next month. Have a good time! C A. take B. took C. will take D. takes 12. Why are you in such a hurry, Mike? There _ an NBA basketball game

40、in ten minutes. B A. will have B. will be C. is going to have D. are going to be 课后练习课后练习 I. 单项选择单项选择 1. She will be a teacher _ two months. C A. on B. after C. in D. at 2. Now _ is very serious. Some rivers and lakes are _.C A. pollution；pollute B. polluted；pollution C. pollution；polluted D. pollut

41、e；polluted 3. You can study _ a computer _ home _ the future. B A. on；at；at B. on；at；in C. in；at；in D. on；in；at 4. The doctor wanted my father to eat _ pears and drink _ coffee. B A. less；fewer B. fewer；less C. few；fewer D. less；less 5. Mr. Liu usually _ to work, but next week he _ to work. C A. wal

42、ks；drives B. will walk；will drive C. walks；will drive D. will walk；drives 6. To save money, we have to ask _ people to do _ things. B A. more；more B. fewer；more C. more；fewer D. fewer；fewer 7. There _ a book sale in our school next month. A A. will be B. will have C. was D. has 8. Its reported that

43、people throw _ plastic bags along this street every day. D A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of 9. Look! There are some birds _ in the sky. They are very beautiful. C A. to fly B. fly C. flying D. flown 10. They usually go shopping _ their lunch break. D A. against B. among C. between

44、 D. during 11. Where is Anna? She _ still at work. D A. maybe B. probably C. perhaps D. may be 12. Ill have a tennis game tomorrow. Im a little bit nervous. Believe in _. Youre the best in our club. A A. yourself B. myself C. herself D. himself 13. Math is too difficult. I nearly give it up. Please

45、dont. Nothing is _ if you put your heart into it. B A. important B. impossible C. interesting D. possible 14. I agree _ you. I think you are right. D A. to B. on C. of D. with 9 II. 阅读理解阅读理解 A In a classroom，Garry Golden is sharing his ideas with some university students. Golden is a futurist. Futurists are scientists who study the world today and use that information to make predictions about the future. Some futurists study the environment. Some study human society. Golden studies transportationthe science of how to move people from place to place. Golden says there w