高中英语构词法精品ppt课件.ppt

1、为什么要学习构词法？它又包括哪些呢？,1.disclose ones secret 2. Microblog 3. Its all floating cloud. 4.envious, jealous and hateful,.,猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之派生法,神马都是浮云,微博,吐槽,前缀:一般只改变词义,不改变词类,后缀:一般只改变词类,不引起词义变化,羡慕嫉妒恨,5.time-travel TV drama 6.group purchasing 7. daddy-is-the-key 8. leftover ladies,猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之合成法,拼爹,穿越剧,团购,剩女,把两

2、个或两个以上的词合成一个新 词, 这种构词的方法叫做合成法,1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。,猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之转化法,9.被雷倒(到)了 in shock /shock sb 10.淡定 keep calm /calm down,转化法：不添加任何成分, 不改变词形, 把一个词由一种词类转用为另一种词类的方法叫转化法。,构词法,构词法：,合成(Compounding),派生法（Derivation） 【前缀/后缀】,转化法（Conversion） 【词性转换】,合成（compounding）,合成法：,合成名词,合成形容词,blood-test验血，she-wolf母

3、狼,handwriting, machine-building机械制造,freeway, shorthand速记,freezing-point, reading room,washroom, pickpocket扒手,breakthrough突破，get-together聚会,outbreak爆发，downfall垮台,名词/代词+名词,名词+动名词,形容词+名词,动名词+名词,动词+名词,动词+副词,副词+动词,2.合成形容词,noble-minded, three-legged,good-looking, fine-sounding动听的,high-class高级的，large-scale

4、大规模的,duty-free免税的，airsick晕机的,形容词/数词+名词+ed,形容词+现在分词,形容词+名词,名词+形容词,peace-loving, English-speaking,man-made, snow-covered,hard-working, far-reaching深远的,well-known, widespread广泛流传的,four-day四天的, five-year,名词+现在分词,名词+过去分词,副词+现在分词,副词+过去分词,数词+名词,派生法（Derivation）-词缀法,1. 前缀prefixes:,Pre-,pre-reading, preview,

5、precaution,Re-,rewrite, reconsider, reuse,（前）,(重新),dis- （不）,disagree , dislike , disappear,misunderstand, mislead,mis （错误或失当）,miniskirt, minibus,supermarket, superman,super- （超级）,mini-（微小）,in/im- （不）,incorrect impossible,foretell, forecast,post(之后),postwar, post-reading,fore-(前，预先),semicircle, semi-

6、final,semi-(半，部分),antiwar, antibody(抗体),anti- (阻止，抗),underground, underline,under- （在下， 在中）,后缀（Suffixes）,后缀是加在词根或单词后面的部分。后缀分为四种： 1）名词后缀； 2）形容词后缀； 3）动词后缀； 4）副词后缀,1）名词后缀,名词后缀有许多种，下面略举数种为例：表人，物，抽象名词等 -er worker(工人) -ist artist(艺术家) -or tractor(拖拉机) -hood childhood(童年) -ship friendship(友谊),2）形容词后缀,表示一种事

7、物具有或属于某种性质或状态，表意义“是的”，“似的” -ic atomic(原子的) -ous famous(著名的) -ful powerful(强有力的) -y hilly(多山的),3）动词后缀,表示“使成为”，“致使”，“做”，“化”，“变成”等，如： -fy glorify(使光荣) -ize modernize(现代化) -en lengthen(延长) -ate discriminate(区分),4）副词后缀,表示方式、方向、性质、状态等，如： -wise clockwise(顺时针方向的) -ways crossways(交叉地) -wards southwards(向南) -

8、ly happily(幸福地),转化法（Conversion）,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,record,n.记录,v. 记录,He broke the record.,He records something while reading a book.,correct,correction,incorrect,independent,depend,dependable,disable,disability,impossible,possible,possibility,wrong,mistaken,mistake,misundersta

9、nd,understand,undergraduate,graduate,graduation,n.,反义,独立的,词根,adj.,残疾的,n.,不可能的,n.,反义,n.,误解,词根,大学生,词根,n.,近义,反义,Words Building,一、请找出下列句中的合成词, 指出其意义。 1. This fully updated book features the latest information about study opportunities.,updated最新的,即时练习,2. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song

10、Dynasty(960-1279) was very anxious to help his rice crop grow up quickly.,short-tempered 急脾气的,3. He is said to be “undersized,” with “short legs” and a “round stomach”. undersized个子小的,4. Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away t

11、hings from the shop without paying for them. ,二、请使用able的正确形式填空。 1. Computers _ people to get more information more quickly. 2. He is _ to discriminate colors. He is color-blind. 3 .Her lack of experience is a severe_.,enable,unable,disability,4. An accident _ him from playing football. 5. Deaf peopl

12、e and dumb people are _ . 6. I shall be _ to manage without help.,disabled,disabled,able/ unable,三、请使用like的正确形式填空。 1. I have taken a strong _ of him. 2.She is not _ to come next month. 3. Great minds think_ . 4. How do you _ this book? 5. It was very _ that he would do that.,dislike/like,likely,alike,like,unlikely/likely,6. I _ being disturbed. 7. Everyone has his _ and_ . 8. Like father,_ son. 9._ the rest of her family, she is outgoing and easy to get along with.,dislike,dislikes,likes,like,Unlike/ Like,Thats all. Thank you！,