外研2020版高中英语必修第一册学案（语法）：Unit 3 tenses(teacher).docx

1、 必修第一册必修第一册 Unit Unit 3 3 Review: Review: TensesTenses 一、概述一、概述 英语主要表示_,其次表示_。它们的发生有一定的_和 _，这就是动词的时态。英语动词的时态主要由动词的不同_来表 示。 ( (动作，状况，时间动作，状况，时间（时）（时），表现方式，表现方式（态）（态），形式，形式) ) （workwork） 一般一般 进行进行 完成完成 完成进行完成进行 现在现在 过去过去 将来将来 过去将来过去将来 来源来源: :学学| |科科| |网网 二、一般现在时的用法二、一般现在时的用法 1. 表示_、_的动作；表示现在_、_和 _的。句中

2、常用 often, usually, every day 等时间状语。 ( (经常性、习惯性，状态、特征和真理经常性、习惯性，状态、特征和真理) ) He walks to school every day. He is very happy to hear the news. The cat is black in color. The earth moves around the sun. 2. 在_从句和_从句中，用一般现在时表示_。 ( (时间状语从句，条件状语从句，将来时间状语从句，条件状语从句，将来) ) If you come this afternoon, well have

3、a meeting. When I graduate, Ill go to the countryside. 3. 有时一般现在时可以表示按_、 _的动作 （句中都带有时间 状语） ； 但限于少数动词， 如 begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close 等。 ( (计划、规定计划、规定) ) The train starts at nine in the morning. All shops close on weekends here. 三三、一般、一般过去过去时时的用法的用法 1. 表示过去某时间发生的_、

4、存在的_。 ( (事事/ /动作动作、状态、状态) ) He saw Mr. Wang yesterday. Tom was in Tianjin two weeks ago. 2. 表示过去_发生的动作， 也可用_或_+动词原形表 示。 Tony often smoked a cigarette after dinner. Tony _ _ smoke a cigarette after dinner. Tony _ smoke a cigarette after dinner. ( (经常，经常，used to, would)used to, would) 四四、一般、一般将来将来时的用法

5、时的用法 1. 一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态， 其表达形式除了 “will 或 shall+动词原 形”外，还有一下几种形式。 2. “ be going to+动词原形”，表示_或_的 事。 ( (现在现在打算打算/ /计划好计划好、有迹象表明有迹象表明即将发生即将发生) ) 来源来源:Z:Z。xxxx。k.Comk.Com We are going to have a meeting tomorrow. Look at the clouds! It is going to rain. 3. go, come, start, move, sail, leave 等可用进行时态表示 _ 的动

6、作。 ( (按计划按计划即将发生即将发生) ) Im leaving for Beijing soon. 4. 某些词，如 come, go, leave, arrive, start 等的一般现在时可以表示 _的动作。 ( (按时间表拟定的按时间表拟定的) ) The train arrives at 10:30. Theres plenty of time. The final exam takes place next week. 5. “be to+动词原形”表示_、_ 或 _的事。 ( (安排安排/ /约定好、必须约定好、必须/ /应该做、注定要发生应该做、注定要发生) ) She

7、is to get married next month. You are to report it to the police. Your plan is to be a failure. 6. “be about to+动词原形”表示_的动作,但_(能/不能) 用表示时间的状语来修饰。 ( (即将发生即将发生, ,不能不能) ) Miss Li is about to leave at 5 p.m. ( ) 五五、现在进行现在进行时的用法时的用法 1. 表示_时正在进行的动作或状态，常与 now, at this moment, at present 等连用。 ( (说话说话) ) Loo

8、k at the blackboard. What are you doing? 2. 表示_正在进行的动作，虽然_动作不一定正在进行。 ( (现阶段，此刻现阶段，此刻) ) They are writing a book and you will read it soon. 3. 现在进行时与 always, forever, all the time 等副词连用时，往往表达说 话者_、_、_等感情。 ( (生气、厌烦、赞美生气、厌烦、赞美) ) Im always losing keys. She is borrowing money from me all the time. Maria

9、 is always thinking of others instead of herself. 4. 表示感觉、愿望和状态的某些动词如 have, be, hear, sea, like 等一般不 用进行时。 六六、过去进行过去进行时的用法时的用法 1. 表示_正在进行的动作。 ( (过去某一时刻过去某一时刻) ) He was reading a novel when I came in. 2. 表示_正在进行的动作。 ( (过去某段时间过去某段时间) ) We were discussing the plan the whole evening last night. 3. 用来描写故

10、事发生的_。 ( (背景背景) ) He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. 七七、现在完成现在完成时的用法时的用法 1. 现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之_已完成，而对现在_; 句中 没有_的时间状语。 ( (前，有影响，具体前，有影响，具体) ) Tony cant get into the house because he has left the key in the car. Have you ever read the book before? 2. 现在完成时所表示的动作开始于_，持续到_

11、，也许还会持续 下去。常用_和_表示一段时间的状语。注意：_， 如 come, go, die, marry, buy 等的完成时不能与表示一段时间的连词连用。 ( (过去，现在，过去，现在，for, sincefor, since，不可持续性动词，不可持续性动词/ /瞬间动词瞬间动词) ) He has studied English for 5 years. He has studied English since 2014. 他去美国两年了。 _ (He has been in America for two years.(He has been in America for two y

12、ears. It is two years since he went to It is two years since he went to America.America. He went to America two years ago.)He went to America two years ago.) 八八、过去完成过去完成时的用法时的用法 1. 表示过去_或_之前完成的动作或状态， 句中常用 by, before, until, when 等词引导的时间状语。 （某一时刻（某一时刻, , 某一动作）某一动作） By the end of last year we had buil

13、t five new houses. I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. 2. 表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态_过去某个时间。 ( (持续到持续到) ) Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours. 九九、过去将来过去将来时的用法时的用法 过去将来时表示从_看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 ( (过去的某时间过去的某时间) ) They were sure they would succeed. 巩固性练习：巩固性练习： 1. My dictionary_(miss)

14、, I have looked for it everywhere but still _(not find)it. 2. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _(leave)office soon. 3. Tom _(slip)into the house when no one_(look). 4. We are proud of the achievements we _(make)since liberation. 5. The egg must be bad. It _(give)off a terrible sme

15、ll. 6. I _(go)to Beijing only once before. 7. When are you going to meet him? As soon as I _(finish)my dinner. 8. By the end of last week we _(complete)the task ahead of time. 9. I cant go swimming because I _(break)my leg. 10. Im sorry but I _(not notice) that you _(write)a diary. 11. What do you t

16、hink _(happen)to her? She must have lost the ticket. 12. Ill write to you as soon as I _(arrivwe). 13. _(follow)this Street and you _(get)there. 14. No one _(find)out the cause of the trouble in the machines until yesterday. 15. I wont believe you until I _(hear)you sing the song with my own eyes. 1

17、6. I _(have) a cold for several days. Can you help me get rid of it? 17. She said that he _(never,go)to Chengdu. 18. Look! The boy you _(meet)in the park the other day _(run) towards us. 19. You must be very tired; you _(work)for quite a long time. 20. May fifth is my birthday. I _(plan)a small part

18、y. 21. Tom _(be disappointed)that most of the guests_(leave) when he arrived at the party.来源:学|科|网 22. I dont know when he _(come), but when he _(come)I shall let you know. 23. Can you see the sign over there, which _(read): “Keep off the grass.” 24. I want to try on the coat you bought yesterday, w

19、here _(it be)? 25. He is now in America. It _(be)3 years since he _(leave) Wuhan. 26. The teacher said the Yellow River _(be)the second longest river in China. 27. -Ive got to go now. -Must you? I _(think) you could stay for dinner with us. 28. The three of us _(travel) around Europe for about a mon

20、th last summer. 29. -Ann is in the hospital. -Oh, really? I didnt know. I _ (go and visit) her. 30. -What time is it now? -Its 7 oclock. -Oh, no! I have to hurry up. The train _(leave) at 7:30. 31. Mr. White _(repair) his racing bicycle by himself yesterday, but I am not sure whether it is ready. 32

21、. -Oh, youve got a good job. Do you really work here? -No, Susan. I _(just help) out until the manager comes back. 33. I _(do) all the cooking for my family, but recently Ive been too busy to do it. 34. Dark clouds are gathering. It _(rain). 35. This machine _(work). Wed better have it repaired. 1.

22、is missing; havent found 2. would leave 3. slipped; was looking 4. have made 5. is giving 6. have been 7. finish 8. had completed 9. have broken 10. didnt notice; were writing 11. happened 12. arrive 13. Follow; will get 14. had found 15. have heard 16. have had 17. had never been 18. met; is runnin

23、g 19. has worked 20. am planning 21. was disappointed; had left 22. will come; comes 23. reads 24. is it 25. is, left 26. is 27. thought 28. travelled 29. will go and visit 30. leaves 31. was repairing 32. am just helping 33. do 34. is going to rain 35. doesnt work 常见不规则动词变化常见不规则动词变化 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 现

24、在分词 词义 1.AAA broadcast broadcast broadcast broadcasting 播送；广播 burst burst burst bursting （使）爆裂，胀开 cost cost cost costing 价钱为 cut cut cut cutting 切；割 hurt hurt hurt hurting 使疼痛，受伤；感到疼痛 hit hit hit hitting 击，打 let let let letting 允许；让 put put put putting 放；安置 read read read reading 识字；阅读；朗读 set set se

25、t setting 放；置；使处于 spread spread spread spreading 展开；打开；传播 shut shut shut shutting 关闭；（使）停止营业，关门 2.AAB beat beat beaten beating 在比赛中赢，打败（某人）；作节奏 运动 3.ABA become became become becoming 开始变得；变成 come came come coming 来 run ran run running 跑；奔跑 overcome overcame overcome overcoming 克服；解决 战胜 4.ABB 1)在动词原形

26、后加一 个辅音字母 d, t 或 ed 构成过去式或过去分词。 burn burnt burnt burning 燃烧；着火；使烧毁 deal dealt dealt dealing 非法买卖毒品；贩毒 dream dreamt dreamt来源:学,科,网 dreaming 做梦；梦见；想象；梦想 hear heard heard hearing 听见；听到 hang hung hanged hung hanged hanging 悬挂；垂下； （被）绞死，施以绞刑 learn learnt learnt learning 学；学习；学会；听到；得知 light lit lit lighti

27、ng 点燃；点火 mean meant meant meaning 意思是；打算 prove proved proved/proven proving 证明；证实；后来被发现是 shine shone shone shining 发光；反光；照耀 show showed shown showing 表明；证明；出示；展示 smell smelt smelt / 有（或发出）气味；闻到 wake woke woken waking 醒；醒来；唤醒 2)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母 d,t 或 ed 构成过去式或过去分词。 build built built building 建造 bend ben

28、t bent bending （使）倾斜，偏向；2（使四肢等）弯 曲； lend lent lent lending 借给；借出 send sent sent sending 邮寄；发送 spend spent spent spending 用，花（钱）；花（时间）；度过 3)原形ought ought bring brought brought bringing 带到某处；带来 buy bought bought buying 买；购买 fight fought fought fighting 打仗；搏斗 think thought thought thinking 认为； 想；思考 see

29、k sought sought seeking 寻找； 寻求；谋求 4)原形aught aught catch caught caught catching 接住；接（落下的液体）； 抓住 teach taught taught teaching 教 5)变其中一个元音字母 awake awoke awoken awaking （使）醒来；唤起；被唤起 dig dug dug digging 掘（地）；凿（洞）；挖（土） feed fed fed feeding 给（人或动物）食物；喂养；饲养 find found found finding 发现；找到 get got got getting

30、 接到； 获得 hold held held holding 拿着；抱住；托住；使保持；容纳 lead led led leading 带路；引领；通往；造成（后果）； meet met met meeting 相遇；遇见；会晤；集合 sit sat sat sitting 坐 shoot shot shot shooting 射击；射杀 stick stuck stuck sticking 刺；粘贴；粘住；卡住，陷住， strike struck struck (stricken)(a flood-stricken area) striking 撞击；打；击 win won won winn

31、ing 获胜，赢 6)原形lt/pt/ftlt/pt/ft feel felt felt feeling 觉得；摸起来； keep kept kept keeping 使保持，处于；重复（做某事） leave left left leaving 离开（某人或某处） sleep slep t slept sleeping 睡；睡觉 sweep swept swept sweeping 扫；打扫；清扫 weep wept wept weeping 哭泣，流泪 7)其他 lay laid laid laying 放置，下（蛋）；摆放餐具 pay paid paid paying 付费；付酬 say

32、said said saying 说 stand stood stood stand ing 站立 understand understood understood understanding 懂；理解；了解；认识到 lose lost lost losing 遗失；丢失；损失，丧失 have had had having 具有某种外表、特性或特征 make made made making 制造；做 sell sold sold selling 出售 tell Told Told telling 告诉；告知；分辨 wind wound wound winding 蜿蜒；卷缠； 给（钟表等）上

33、发条 5. ABC 1)原形过去式原形+(e)n blow blew blown blowing 吹；吹奏 drive drove driven driving 驾驶；开车；迫使 draw drew drawn drawing （用铅笔、钢笔或粉笔）画；拉，拖 eat ate eaten eating 吃； fall fell fallen falling 落下；跌落；突然倒下；下降 forbid forbade forbidden forbidding 禁止；不准 give gave given giving 给；交给 grow grew grown growing 增加；长大；发育逐渐变得

34、 forgive forgave forgiven forgiving 原谅；宽恕 know knew known knowing 知道；知悉 mistake mistook mistaken mistaking 误会；误解 take took taken taking 携带；拿走；吃；喝；服（药） throw threw thrown throwing 投；掷；抛；扔 ride rode ridden riding 骑马；驾驶； 搭乘； see saw seen seeing 看见；见到；看望；明白 sew sewed sewn sewing 缝；缝制 show showed shown s

35、howing 表明；证明 shake shook shaken shaking 摇动；抖动；握手；颤抖 write wrote written writing 书写；写字 2)原形过去式原形+(e)n break broke broken breaking （使）破；违犯 choose chose chosen choosing 选择；挑选 get got got getting 收到；接到；获得；得到； hide hid hidden hiding 藏；隐蔽 forget forgot forgotten forgetting 忘记；遗忘 freeze froze frozen freezi

36、ng （使）冻结，结冰 speak spoke spoken speaking 讲话；会说，会讲（某种语言） steal stole stolen stealin g 偷；窃取 3 )变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词） begin began begun beginning 开始；启动 drink drank drunk drinking 喝；饮；喝酒 sing sang sung singing 唱（歌） sink sank sunk sinking 下沉 swim swam swum swimming 游水；游泳 ring rang rung ringing 给打电话；发出铃声 4)其他 be Was Been being bear bore borne / 承受；忍受 ；承受（重量） do Did Done doing 做，干，办（某事） fly flew flown flying 飞；(乘飞行器或航天器）飞行；驾驶 go went gone going 去；走； lie lay lain lying 躺；平躺；平卧；位于 wear wore worn wearing 穿；戴；蓄，留（发、须等） bite bit bitten biting 咬；叮；蜇 tear tore torn tearing 撕裂；撕碎