2021年新课标（老高考）英语复习练习课件：第三部分　阅读理解历年试题汇编.pptx

1、Passage 1(2014陕西,A) Our warming planet is expected to face serious water crises(危机)in the coming decadeswhich means each nations natural resources will be more important than ever. Percent of total land area covered by forests(2011) WORLD AVERAGE 30.88 TOP 5 AVERAGE 90.15 Freshwater resources, cubic

2、 kilometers per year(2011) WORLD AVERAGE 241 TOP 5 AVERAGE 3,642 Freshwater resources, cubic me- ters per person(2011) WORLD AVERAGE 6,122 TOP 5 AVERAGE 244,973 1.SURINAME 94.58 REST OF TOP 5 2.Micronesia91.66 3.Seychelles88.48 4.Samoa88.40 5.Palau87.61 123.CHINA 22.47 1.BRAZIL 5,418 REST OF TOP 5 2

3、.Russian Federation4,313 3.Canada2,850 4.the United States2,818 5.CHINA 2,813 1.ICELAND 532,891 REST OF TOP 5 2.Guyana304,723 3.Suriname166,112 4.Papua New Guinea114,216 5.Bhutan106,923 102.CHINA 2,092 1.According to the statistics, what is the world average of freshwater resources per person? A.244

4、,973 cubic meters. B.241 cubic kilometers. C.3,642 cubic kilometers. D.6,122 cubic meters. 2.Which country or region has the most freshwater resources per year? A.Guyana. B.Brazil. C.Iceland. D.China. 3.Which country or region appears twice on the Top 5 lists? A.Bhutan. B.Seychelles. C.Canada. D.Sur

5、iname. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文是应用文。题材为社会热点。文章介绍了我们星球未来几十年可能要面对淡 水资源危机,这标志着每个国家的自然资源将会比原来更重要。 1.D 细节理解题。从Freshwater resources, cubic meters per person及下面的内容可知,本题选择D 项。 2.B 细节理解题。由图表可知,巴西每年的淡水资源是5,418立方千米。故选B项。D项仅为2,81 3立方千米;A、C项未在每年淡水资源最多的前五名中,故排除A、C两个选项。 3.D 细节理解题。从图表可知,只有Suriname出现过两次。第一次是森林覆盖率;第二次为人均 淡水资源。故选

6、D项。 Passage 2(2014陕西,B) When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines,Iowa,he told me about the only time he had been there.It was in the 1930s,when he was an editor of the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University(SMU)in Dallas,Texas.He also worked as a professor at SMU,and there w

7、as a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease.She couldnt afford the operation be- cause her family was poor. Her mother ran a boarding house in Galveston,a seaside town near Houston,Texas.She was cleaning out the attic(阁楼)one day when she came across an old dusty manuscrip

8、t(手稿).On its top page were the words,“By O.Henry.”It was a nice story,and she sent it to her daughter at SMU,who showed it to my father.My father had never read the story before,but it sounded like O.Henry,and he knew that O. Henry had once lived in Houston.So it was possible that the famous author

9、had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boarding house,and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident.My father visited an O.Henry expert at Columbia University in New York,who authenti- cated the story as O.Henrys. My father then set out to sell it.Eventually,h

10、e found himself in Des Moines,meeting with Gardner Cowles,a top editor at the Des Moines Register.Cowles loved the story and bought it on the spot.My fa- ther took the money to the girl.It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately need- ed. My father never told me what the O.H

11、enry story was about.But I doubt that it could have been better than his own story. 1.Who found the O.Henrys manuscript? A.The girls mother. B.The authors father. C.The girl. D.The author. 2.Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was found in the attic? A.O.Henry once work

12、ed in Houston. B.O.Henry once stayed in Galveston. C.O.Henry once moved to Des Moines. D.O.Henry once taught at SMU. 3.The underlined word “authenticated” in Paragraph 2 probably means . A.named B.treated C.proved D.described 4.According to the text,why did the authors father go to Des Moines? A.To

13、sell the O.Henry story. B.To meet the author himself. C.To talk with the O.Henry expert. D.To give money to the girl. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文为记叙文,题材为个人情感和人际关系,讲述了作者的父亲帮助他的一位患病学 生的经历。这位学生的母亲偶然发现了一本欧 亨利的手稿。作者的父亲亲自去Des Moines帮助 他的学生卖了这部手稿,并把钱给了他的学生。 1.A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二、三句可知:一天她母亲在打扫阁楼时,偶然发现了一本 布满灰尘的手稿,首页上写着“欧 亨利著

14、”,故选A项。 2.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第五句和第六句(So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boarding house,and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident.)可知:欧 亨利曾经在Houston居住。因此,这位著名的作家有可能 去过海边并且在Galveston的提供膳宿的私人住宅里住过,他在那里写了这个故事,然后无意中把 手稿

15、落在了那里。故选B项。 3.C 猜测词义题。根据语境可知,我父亲拜访了在纽约哥伦比亚大学的一位研究欧 亨利的专家, 他证明这部手稿就是欧 亨利的作品。A:命名;B:对待;C:证明;D:描写,故选C项。 4.A 细节理解题。根据第三段前三句可知:父亲要把这部手稿卖掉,最终他去了Des Moines去见 Gardner Cowles,一位Des Moines Register杂志的高级编辑,这位编辑很喜欢这个故事并且当场买下 了它。故选A。 Passage 3(2014陕西,C) Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight,while

16、the French,who consume rich food, continue to stay thin?Now a research by Cornell University suggests how lifestyle and decisions about eating may affect weight.Researchers conclude that the French tend to stop eating when they feel full. However,Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or t

17、heir favorite TV show is over. According to Dr.Joseph Mercola,a health expert,the French see eating as an important part of their lifestyle.They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table,while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed between the other daily activities.Me

18、rcola believes Americans lose the a- bility to sense when they are actually full.So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped.In addition,he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week.The French,instead,tend to shop daily,walking

19、to small shops and farmers markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits,vegetables,and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal. After a visit to the United States,Mireille Guiliano,author of French Women Dont Get Fat,decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather t

20、han suggesting how to avoid food.Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym. In spite of all these differences,evidence shows that recent lifestyle changes may be affecting French eating habits.Today the rate of obesityor extreme overweightamong adults is only 6%.However,as American

21、 fast food gains acceptance and the young reject older traditions,the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%and is growing. 1.In what way are the French different from Americans according to Dr.Joseph Mercola? A.They go shopping at supermarkets more frequently. B.They squeeze eating betw

22、een the other daily activities. C.They regard eating as a key part of their lifestyle. D.They usually eat too much canned and frozen food. 2.This text is mainly about the relationship between . A.Americans and the French B.lifestyle and obesity C.children and adults D.fast food and overweight 3.This

23、 text is mainly developed . A.by contrast B.by space C.by process D.by classification 4.Where does this text probably come from? A.A TV interview. B.A food advertisement. C.A health report. D.A book review. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文为说明文。题材为饮食健康类。通过一项对美国和法国饮食习惯的对比研究, 揭示出生活方式和肥胖之间的关系。 1.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句可知:研究发现,法

24、国人把饮食看作他们生活方式中一 个很重要的部分,而美国人则不重视饮食。故选C。 2.B 主旨要义题。本文主要讲述通过对美国和法国两国饮食习惯的对比,揭示生活方式和肥胖 有着密切的关系。故选B项。 3.A 推理判断题。本文主要是围绕美、法两国饮食习惯对比展开的,最终得出结论:生活方式和 肥胖有着密切的关系,故选A项。 4.C 推理判断题。本篇文章对美、法两国饮食习惯进行对比,很显然这和健康有关,故选C项。 Passage 4(2014陕西,D) One afternoon last week,I saw three tearful children from my sons school bei

25、ng comforted by teachers.That morning,my 11-year-old son had stomach pains,retching(干呕)into a bowl.Talking to other mothers later,I heard about other children with stomachache or difficulty sleeping the night be- fore. What caused so much pain?Sports day.Sports day might be necessary at a highly-com

26、petitive indepen- dent school,but not at a village primary school.For the children who can fly like the wind,sports day causes no problem.For those who are overweight or just not good at sport,it is a nightmare(噩梦).Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the enti

27、re school and their par- ents,it can prove a disaster. Why do we put our children through this annual suffering?Some may say competition is character building;or its taking part,not winning,thats important;or that it is a tradition of school life.I just felt great pity for those children in tears or

28、 in pain. Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races,wild enthusiasm,lots of shoutingand were fun to watch.More importantly,the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyones eyes.Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winn

29、ing side. I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less-competitive event.Perhaps an afternoon of team games,with a few races for those who want them,would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch. 1.What can we learn about the authors son from Par

30、agraph 1? A.He talked with some mothers. B.He comforted his classmates. C.He had difficulty in sleeping. D.He suffered from stomachache. 2.Sports day is still an annual event in this school probably because . A.this is an independent school B.it is a tradition of the school C.it helps children lose

31、weight D.children enjoy watching sports 3.What does the author think about team games? A.They should include more stressful races. B.They are acceptable to different children. C.They should be abandoned at primary schools. D.They are less fun for those who love running. 4.What is the authors attitud

32、e towards sports day? A.Critical. B.Neutral. C.Positive. D.Ambiguous. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。题材为学校生活类。本文讲述了一些学校运动会并不适合所 有的孩子,相反会对部分孩子的健康有害,因此作者建议学校开展竞争性不强的集体运动项目,这 样对孩子会更好。 1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知:早上,我发现我十一岁的儿子由于胃痛在干呕。故选 D项。 2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句.or that it is a tradition of school life.可知本题选B项。 3.B 推理判断题。根

33、据文章第四段可知,集体项目有很多好处,更重要的是在传球时不够快的孩 子也可以分享获胜队的喜悦。故集体项目适合不同的学生,故选B项。 4.A 推理判断题。根据全文可知,作者对学校运动会给孩子造成的伤害感到不满,建议应开展集 体项目,以适应不同的孩子,由此看出作者对运动会持批评态度,故选A项。 Passage 5(2014山东,A) One morning,Anns neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local elementary school.She asked Ann if she could keep an eye o

34、n the dog.Ann said that she could watch it only for the day. Tracy took photos of the dog and printed off 400 FOUND fliers(传单),and put them in mailboxes. Meanwhile,Ann went to the dollar store and bought some pet supplies,warning her two sons not to fall in love with the dog.At the time,Anns son Tho

35、mas was 10 years old,and Jack,who was recovering from a heart operation,was 21 years old. Four days later Ann was still looking after the dog,whom they had started to call Riley.When she ar- rived home from work,the dog threw itself against the screen door and barked madly at her.As soon as she open

36、ed the door,Riley dashed into the boys room where Ann found Jack suffering a heart attack. Riley ran over to Jack,but as soon as Ann bent over to help him the dog went silent. “If it hadnt come to get me,the doctor said Jack would have died,”Ann reported to a local newspa- per.At this point,no one h

37、ad called to claim the dog,so Ann decided to keep it. The next morning Tracy got a call.A man named Peter recognized his lost dog and called the number on the flier.Tracy started crying,and told him,“That dog saved my friends son.” Peter drove to Anns house to pick up his dog,and saw Thomas and Jack

38、 crying in the window.After a few moments Peter said,“Maybe Odie was supposed to find you,maybe you should keep it.” 1.What did Tracy do after finding the dog? A.She looked for its owner. B.She gave it to Ann as a gift. C.She sold it to the dollar store. D.She bought some food for it. 2.How did the

39、dog help save Jack? A.By breaking the door for Ann. B.By leading Ann to Jacks room. C.By dragging Jack out of the room. D.By attending Jack when Ann was out. 3.What was Anns attitude to the dog according to Paragraph 4? A.Sympathetic. B.Doubtful. C.Tolerant. D.Grateful. 4.For what purpose did Peter

40、call Tracy? A.To help her friends son. B.To interview Tracy. C.To take back his dog. D.To return the flier to her. 5.What can we infer about the dog from the last paragraph? A.It would be given to Odie. B.It would be kept by Anns family. C.It would be returned to Peter. D.It would be taken away by T

41、racy. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文为记叙文,题材为人物故事类。Ann 的邻居Tracy在当地的小学附近发现了一条 狗,没想到这条狗给Ann一家人带来了那么多的东西。那它到底做了些什么呢? 1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段开头的“Tracy给这条狗拍了照片,还打印了400份招领传单”可 知Tracy是在寻找这条狗的主人,所以答案为A项。B、C两项与原文事实不符,D项是Ann在Tracy 寻找主人的同时做的事情,与问题不符。 2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的相关内容可知答案选B。 3.D 推理判断题。根据第四段中Ann说的话“要不是它过来叫我的话,医生说Jack就死了”可推 断出Ann对这条狗充

42、满了感激之情,故答案为D项。sympathetic同情的,怜悯的;doubtful怀疑的;tol- erant容忍的,宽恕的;grateful感激的,感谢的。 4.C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的描述“第二天早上Tracy接到了一个叫Peter的打来的电话,他 认出了传单上的狗是自己的”和最后一段的第一句话Peter drove to Anns house to pick up his dog.可知Peter打电话是为了取回自己的小狗,所以答案为C项。 5.B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句话中的maybe you should keep it可以推断出狗的主人Peter 没有带走自己的狗而是将狗

43、留给了Ann一家,所以答案为B项。Odie是Peter对自己狗的称呼,排除 A项;C项与原文意思相反;没有信息提到Tracy会带走它,排除D项。 温馨提示温馨提示 1.print off打印 2.the dollar store一元店 3.the screen door纱门 Passage 6(2014山东,B) It was one of those terribly hot days in Baltimore.Needless to say,it was too hot to do anything outside. But it was also scorching in our apa

44、rtment.This was 1962,and I would not live in a place with an air conditioner for another ten years.So my brother and I decided to leave the apartment to find someplace indoors.He suggested we could see a movie.It was a brilliant plan. Movie theaters were one of the few places you could sit all day a

45、ndmost importantsit in air condi- tioning.In those days,you could buy one ticket and sit through two movies.Then,the theater would show the same two movies again.If you wanted to,you could sit through them twice.Most people did not do that,but the manager at our theater,Mr.Bellow,did not mind if you

46、 did. That particular day,my brother and I sat through both movies twice,trying to escape the heat.We bought three bags of popcorn and three sodas each.Then,we sat and watched The Music Man followed by The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance.Wed already seen the second movie once before.It had been at the

47、theater since January,because Mr.Bellow loved anything with John Wayne in it. We left the theater around 8,just before the evening shows began.But we returned the next day and saw the same two movies again,twice more.And we did it the next day too.Finally,on the fourth day,the heat wave broke. Still

48、,to this day I can sing half the songs in The Music Man and recite half of John Wayne and Jimmy Stewarts dialogue from The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance!Those memories are some of the few I have of the heat wave of 1962.Theyre really memories of the screen,not memories of my life. 1.In which year did the author first live in a place with an air conditioner? A.1952. B.1962. C.1972. D.1982. 2.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A.The heat. B.The theater. C.The Music Man. D.The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance. 3.What do