2021年新课标（老高考）英语复习练习课件：专题七　语法填空.pptx

1、Passage 1(2020课标全国) China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Change-4 probe(探测器)the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 1 (touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moons far side is 2 (ex- treme) cha

2、llenging. Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot o

3、f deep craters(环形山), more so 5 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 6 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,”Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7 (mean) we have the cha

4、nce to obtain information about how the moon 8 (construct).” Data about the moons composition, such as how 9 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China de- cide whether 10 (it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical. A A组组 统一命题统一命题课标卷题组课标卷题组 答案答案 语篇解读 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自然。主题语境内容为探索太空。

5、文章主要讲述 了中国发射的嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功着陆的重大事件。本文旨在激发学生的国家 认同感和民族自豪感。 1.touched 考查时态。根据时间状语last week可知设空处需用一般过去时,故填touched。 2.extremely 考查副词。设空处作状语,修饰形容词challenging,需用副词形式;根据提示词可知答 案为extremely。 3.where 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为spot,将先行词代入定语从句后为:It could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth in the spot.设空处作

6、地点状语,故填where。 4.interest 考查名词。设空处作介词of的宾语,根据提示词可知设空处需填名词形式;此外“be of +抽象名词”也是固定结构,故填名词interest。 5.than 考查介词。根据设空处前的more可知设空处填介词than。 6.to find 考查非谓语动词。设空处作目的状语,主语Chinese researchers与find为逻辑上的主动关 系,故填不定式的主动形式to find。 7.means 考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境及设空处后宾语从句中的谓语动词have可知设空处需 用一般现在时;主语it为第三人称单数,故填means。 8.is cons

7、tructed 考查语态和主谓一致。主语the moon与construct为被动关系,故设空处需用被动 语态,主语为the moon,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填is constructed。 9.much 考查限定词。设空处后的名词ice作“冰”讲时为不可数名词,根据上下文可知设空处填 much。 10.its 考查代词。设空处作名词plans的定语,故需用形容词性物主代词;根据提示词it可知设空处 填its。 Passage 2(2020课标全国) Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year Chi

8、nese New Year is a 1 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 3 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. These are some of the most popu

9、lar in many parts of the country: Oranges: Orange trees are more 4 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 5 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will s

10、ee them often in their homes and offices. 6 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 7 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 8 (care) for and make great presents. Branches of Plum Blossoms(梅花): The 9 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-

11、colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 10 first to flower even as the snow is melt- ing(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life. 高考词块高考词块 1.must/mst/ n.必须做(或看、买等)的事 2.be associated with与相关联的 3.abundance/bndns/ n.充裕,丰盛 答案答案 语篇解读 本文是说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内

12、容为中华民族的传统节日春 节。文章介绍了中国的新年标志着冬季的结束和春季的开始。因此春节期间用植物、水果、花 朵装饰皆有特殊意义。文章还介绍了三种在中国受欢迎的植物:橘子树、竹子、梅花。 1.celebration 考查词性转换。句意:中国新年是一个标志着冬季结束和春季开始的庆祝活动。根 据句子结构可知,设空处被前面的冠词a限定,作表语,需要用所给词的名词形式。故填celebra-tion。 2.carries 考查主谓一致。句意:这就是用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。根据句子结 构可知,设空处在从句中作谓语。由上下文可知,此处应使用一般现在时,且该从句的主语为前面的动 名词短语“d

13、ecorating with plants, fruits and flowers”,属于第三人称单数概念。故填car-ries。 ing 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的最好的祝愿。根据句子 结构可知,设空处在句中作谓语动词represent的宾语,需使用所给词的动名词形式,the earth是其逻 辑主语。故填coming。 4.than 考查固定搭配。句意:橘子树不仅仅是装饰品。根据句子意思可知,设空处与前面的 more连用,表示“不只是”。故填than。 5.decorated 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们被红包和好运的信息 装饰着。根

14、据句子结构可知,设空处与后面的介词短语一起作宾语them的补足语。them与所给词 decorate之间为被动关系,需用过去分词。故填decorated。 6.Certainly 考查词性转换。句意:当然在假日期间,这种植物是必须的。根据句子结构可知,设空 处作状语,修饰后面整句话,需用所给词的副词形式,故填Certainly。 7.with 考查固定搭配。句意:竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。设空处与前面的are associated连用,表示“与相关联的”。故填with。 8.to care 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们很容易被打理,也很适合作为礼物。“be+表示难、易、 好、坏等的

15、形容词”,后面需用不定式的主动形式(to do)表示被动意思。故填to care。 9.beautiful 考查词性转换。句意:美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾,这是极好的装饰。根据句 子结构可知,设空处与long一起修饰后面的名词“branches”,需用所给词的形容词形式。故填 beautiful。 10.the 考查定冠词用法。句意:正当雪融化时,梅花树是第一个开花的。the first to do sth.表示 “第一个去做的”,需填定冠词the。 长难句长难句 The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melt

16、ing. 正当雪融化时,梅花树是 第一个开花的。 这是一个主从复合句。主句是“The plum trees are the first to flower”,其中to flower为the first的 后置定语。后面的even as引导时间状语从句。 Passage 3(2020课标全国) In ancient China lived an artist 1 paintings were almost lifelike. The artists reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portr

17、ait(画像)done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2 (fine)work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 3 (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River

18、perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world. Filled with 4 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 5 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的)artist, they smiled and 6 (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a

19、boat and set out 7 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved 8 (gentle)along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river an

20、d the soft clouds 9 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑)by the greatest artist 10 earth, Mother Nature. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境是人与社会。中国古代有一位画家,自以为艺术造诣 很高。但是一次经历让他明白了什么是最伟大的画家。本文旨在培养学生谦虚好学的精神。 1.whose 考查定语从句。句意:在中国古代有一位画家,他的画栩栩如生。设空处引导的是定语 从句,修饰先行词

21、an artist。将先行词代入从句后为:The artists paintings were almost lifelike.由此 可知引导词在从句中充当定语,所以要用关系代词whose。 2.finest 考查形容词。一天,皇上想找人给他画像,于是他召集来所有的优秀画家来展示他们最好 的作品。根据语境可知此处应该用形容词的最高级形式,故填finest。 3.be chosen 考查动词的语态。这位画家确信自己会被选中。设空处是谓语动词,与he之间是被 动关系,且情态动词would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。 4.curiosity 考查名词。句意:心中充满了好奇,这位画家收拾好行

22、囊就出发了。设空处充当with 的宾语,所以要用所给词的名词形式。故填curiosity。 5.When/As 考查状语从句。当他向江岸边的村民们打听那位传奇画家住在哪里时,他们微笑。 根据语境可知,设空处引导时间状语从句,要用when或as,注意首字母要大写。 6.pointed 考查动词时态。他们微笑并指向江的下游。并列连词and连接两个谓语动词:smiled和 pointed。 7.to find 考查非谓语动词。句意:第二天早上,他租了一条船动身去寻找那位知名的画家。set out to do sth.开始做某事,着手做某事。 8.gently 考查副词。句意:当小船顺着江轻轻移动时,

23、群山在水中的沉默的倒影使他说不出话 来。设空处单词修饰as引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词moved,所以要用其副词形式。故填 gently。 9.surrounding 考查非谓语动词。句意:当他看到雾从江上升起,柔软的云围绕着山顶时,他流下了 眼泪。设空处是非谓语动词作宾补,surround与宾语soft clouds之间是主动关系,要用v.-ing形式。 故填surrounding。 10.on 考查介词。句意:这位艺术家最终在世界上最伟大的艺术家大自然面前感到惭愧。 固定搭配on earth相当于in the world“在世界上”。 长难句长难句 As the small boat m

24、oved gently along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.当小船顺着江轻轻移动时,群山在水中的沉默的倒影使他说不出话 来。 这是一个主从复合句。as引导的是时间状语从句,主句部分是he was left speechless by the moun- tains.。being silently reflected in the water是非谓语动词短语作定语,修饰the mountains。 Passage 4(2019课标全国) A 90

25、-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1 (be) Britains oldest full- time employeestill working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 2 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 3 (final) been acknowledged a

26、fter a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 4 (declare) she had no plans 5 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said,“I dont see any reason to give up work. I love com- ing here and seeing my family and all th

27、e friends I 6 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 7 because I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31who works alongside her in the family businesssaid it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,“We dont have any idea who put Grandma forward. When we got a

28、 call 8 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 9 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. Its 10 (won- der).” 高考词块高考词块 1.acknowledge/knld/vt.承认 2.alongside/lsad/prep.与一起 3.put sb. forward推荐某人 4.short-listed adj.入围的,初步审核通过的 5.blow sb. away使某人很高兴

29、答案答案 语篇解读 本文是记叙文。主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为社区生活和生命的意义与价 值。文章介绍了90岁的英国全职员工Irene Astbury坚持每天朝九晚五地在自己和丈夫开的宠物 店上班而荣获“年度女性”称号的感人故事。本文旨在培养学生热爱劳动、终生奉献的高尚劳 动观。 1.being 考查非谓语动词作介词宾语。句意:一位90岁的老人因为是英国最年长的全职雇员而被 评为“年度女性”。她仍然一周工作40个小时。设空处作前面介词for的宾语,故此处需填名词或 动名词形式。又因所给词为be,故应填其动名词形式being。 2.which 考查非限制性定语从句。根据句子结构可知设空处引导

30、非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 the pet shop。将先行词代入定语从句后为:She opened the pet shop with her late husband Les.由此 可见,关系词在定语从句中作宾语,且指“事物”,故填which。 3.finally 考查副词。句意:在一位客户提名她为柴郡的年度女性之后,她多年的努力工作终于得 到了认可。根据文章中的句子结构可知,设空处修饰谓语动词,作状语,需要用所给词的副词形 式。故填finally。 4.declared 考查时态。本句为主从复合句。设空处作proud Irene的谓语动词。后面的she had no plans.为宾语

31、从句。根据上下文可知,设空处的谓语动词应该用一般过去时,故填declared。 5.to retire 考查非谓语动词作定语。设空处作前面名词plans的定语。名词plan后面用不定式作 定语。故填to retire。 6.have made 考查时态。句意:我喜欢到这里来看我的家人和我多年来交的所有朋友。friends后 为定语从句。根据后面的时间状语over the years可知,设空处应该用现在完成时,故填have made。 7.but 考查连词。句意:我工作不是因为我必须工作,而是因为我想工作。根据句子意思可知,设 空处与前面的not构成“not.but.(不是而是)”结构。故填b

32、ut。 8.saying 考查非谓语动词作定语。句意:当我们接到一个说她入围了的电话时,我们认为这是个 玩笑。设空处作a call的后置定语。名词call与动词say之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填现在分词 saying,相当于which said。 9.a 考查冠词。joke为可数名词,意为“玩笑”,在此处表示泛指,故填a。 10.wonderful 考查形容词作表语。设空处作前面系动词is的表语,表示It的特征,故填wonderful。 Passage 5(2019课标全国) On our way to the house, it was raining 1 hard that we coul

33、dnt help wondering how long it would take 2 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City. We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 3 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 4 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experi

34、ences and 5 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For break- fast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard. When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 6 (compete) to watch, together with th

35、e story behind it. They also shared with us many 7 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 8 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 9 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 10 (listen) to musicians and meeting

36、interesting locals. 高考词块高考词块 1.a pack of一群(动物或猎狗) 2.care for关心;照顾;喜欢 答案答案 语篇解读 本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会交往。作者一行人冒雨 来到了游玩的目的地。在这里作者受到了主人的热情接待。本文旨在培养学生的文化意识。 1.so 考查副词。此处为“so+adv.+that.”结构,意为:如此以至于,其中that引导结果状 语从句。 2.to get 考查非谓语动词。It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.做某事花费(某人)多长时间。故填to get。 3.of 考查介词。

37、首先迎接我们的是一群狗的叫声。a pack of dogs一群狗。 4.who 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词their masters。将先行词代入定语从句 后为:Their masters had great experience with caring for these animals.由此可知关系词在从句中作主 语,所以要用关系代词who。 5.recommended 考查动词的时态。设空处与前面的shared是并列连词and连接的两个并列的谓语 动词,也应用一般过去时。 petition 考查名词。设空处作know of的宾语,结合空前的an interesting可

38、知,此处应该用所 给词的名词形式competition。 7.traditional 考查形容词。设空处修饰后面的名词,故用所给词的形容词形式traditional。 8.hugely 考查副词。设空处修饰后面的形容词,故用程度副词hugely。 9.were invited 考查动词的时态和语态。设空处是句子的谓语动词,由语境可知时态应为一般过 去时,该动作与主语we之间是被动关系,故填were invited。 10.listening 考查非谓语动词。设空处在此处作状语,表示伴随状况。该动作与主语we之间在逻 辑上是主动关系,故填listening。另外,由此处与and后的meeting

39、的并列关系也可快速判断出此处 应用现在分词形式。 长难句长难句 When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an inter- esting competition to watch, together with the story behind it.在他们不工作的时候,他们会邀请我们 去参加一些当地的活动,让我们了解了一项观看起来非常有趣的比赛,还有这项比赛背后的故事。 本句是一个主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句;主句中由并列连词and连接两个并列的谓语动 词invi

40、ted和let。 Passage 6(2018课标全国) According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1 (long)than non-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long 2 (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die)early by running. While running r

41、egularly cant make you live forever, the review says it 4 (be)more effective at lengthening life 5 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths

42、 from all 7 (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise.its probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 8 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always 9 (energy). I

43、f you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 10 a try. 高考词块高考词块 1.overweight/vwet/adj.超重的,太胖的 2.mere/m(r)/adj.仅仅的,只不过 3.be time poor缺少时间 答案答案 语篇解读 本文为说明文。文章介绍了跑步对人们保持身体健康的好处。 1.longer 句意:根据一份医学杂志中的证据报告,跑步者比非跑步者的寿命要长3

44、年。根据题干中 的than可知设空处需用副词比较级形式,故填longer。 2.to see 句意:你不必为了弄清跑步带来的好处而跑得很快、很久。本题考查非谓语动词。由句 意可知,此处在句中作目的状语,主语you与动词see为主动关系,故填不定式的主动式to see。 3.dying 句意:你可能饮酒、吸烟、超重,但你仍然可以通过跑步降低过早死亡的危险。本题考 查非谓语动词。介词(of)后需用动名词形式作宾语,根据提示词die可知设空处填dying。 4.is 句意:虽然经常跑步不可能使你长生不老,但报告上说与走路、骑自行车或游泳相比,跑步对 延长寿命更有效。本题考查主谓一致和时态。设空处所在

45、从句被用来介绍一种理论,需用一般现 在时;再根据主语it及提示词be可知设空处填is。 5.than 本题考查介词。根据题干中的“more effective”可知设空处需填介词than,意为“比”。 6.that/which 句意:该报告的其中两名作者在2014年还发表了一项研究,这项研究表明每天只跑步 5至10分钟便可以降低患心脏病或由于各种原因导致过早死亡的危险。本题考查定语从句。先行 词为study,指“物”;将先行词代入定语从句后为:The study showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk

46、 of heart disease and.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或 which。 7.causes 本题考查名词的“数”。cause作“原因”讲,为可数名词;根据设空处前的all可知设空 处填名词复数形式,故填causes。 8.strengthen 句意:为了避免膝盖疼痛,你可以在柔软的地面上跑步、锻炼以增强你的腿部肌肉 。设空处作目的状语,需用不定式形式,故在不定式符号to后填动词原形strengthen。 9.energetic 设空处作表语,表示主语的特征,故填形容词energetic。 10.it/running 句意:如果你时间不充裕,你只需要花费其他运动

47、一半的时间去跑步便可获得同样 的收益,因此或许我们都应该试一试跑步。设空处作give的宾语,需填名词或代词,因此用it代替上 文中的running或直接填running作宾语。 Passage 7(2018课标全国) Diets have changed in Chinaand so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 1 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 2 past 25 years, while rice ha

48、s increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 3 (actual)behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chick- ens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 4 (improve)water quality. Corn uses less water 5 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥)run-off. This switch has decreased 6 (pollute)in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the