完型填空之议论文精讲与练习.doc

1、完型填空之完型填空之议论文精讲议论文精讲 技法指导技法指导 1. 议论文文体的完形填空一般是直接提出论点，通过论据论证，最后作者提出自己的 看法或提出另一个话题供大家讨论。 2. 议论文文体的完形填空一般都是由论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象） 、论据 （用来证明论点的依据，是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方 法）这三个要素构成，这也是一个提出问题分析问题解决问题的过程。 3.另外， 英语议论文不仅需要说明自己的观点， 而且还要让读者接受自己的观点。 因此， 在词语表达上除了客观之外，还比较注重委婉。作者的写作态度一般也较诚恳，在文章中通 常使用的是与读者平等交流的

2、语气，不会给人以居高临下、以势居人、逼人接受的感觉，在 遣词造句方面多使用虚拟语气、 让步状语从句和 can, may, might, could, would, should 等情态 动词。为了辩证推理的条理性和逻辑性，往往较多地使用像 since, now that, therefore, in that case, because, so, but, however 等过渡词和连接词。 典例典例 1. 把握首段和首句完整的信息，把握全文的主旨大意把握首段和首句完整的信息，把握全文的主旨大意 All of us go through some difficult times as we a

3、pproach teenage years . Its the age when we have to deal with the most _36_ in our life . This transition(过渡） from childhood to adulthood is _37_ for some , but rough for others . The most important thing about being a teenager is _38_ . When we are teenagers , we would get blamed or even punished f

4、or anything wrong we do. 36.A.chances B. changes C. feelings D. expectations 【解析】 ：在这个阶段我们需要面对生活中的很多改变(changes)。 37.A.smooth B. practical C. demanding D. necessary 【解析】 ：从童年到成年的过渡，对有些人来说是很顺利的(smooth),但是对另外一些人来说 却很艰难。此处用 smooth“顺利的”，和后面的 rough 相对应。 38.A.knowledge B. independence C. confidence D. resp

5、onsibility 【解析】 ：根据此空的下一句“当我们成为青少年时，我们会因犯错受到责备甚至是惩罚”可 知，此处表示“成为青少年最重要的一件事就是责任（responsibility)”。 2. 把握作者的观点和态度把握作者的观点和态度 议论文往往体现作者对某一事物的观点， 而作者的观点就是文章的论点。 考生要把握作者的 观点，把握作者对某一事物是褒还是贬，是赞成还是反对，而通常把握了作者的观点也就找 准了文章的论点。 You do not have to train yourself _6_ to feel the psychological benefits of exercise. W

6、hat really matters is _7_, not intensity(强度）of your exercise. You can try walking for 30 minutes five times per week or simply gardening on weekends. 6.A.hard B. everywhere C. carefully D. late 【解析】 ：根据下文作者强调运动的关键是频度而不是强度可知：你训练的时候强度没必要 很大，故选 A。 7.A.time B. length C. form D. frequency 【解析】 ： 根据文章最后一段

7、给出的建议每周五次散步可知， 运动的关键是频度而不是强度， 故选 D。time“次”；length“长度”；form“形式，表格”；frequency“频度，频率”。 3. 论点、论据互相结合，找出选项正确答案论点、论据互相结合，找出选项正确答案 一般说来， 能说明论据主要内容的答案可以在论点里得到印证， 而论点里的某些答案也可以 与论据有机地结合起来，使论点、论据形成相辅相成的关系，因而整个文章上下一致。如果 我们所选的答案前后矛盾，论据与论点相反，最后的结论与论点相矛盾，那么我们就要重新 回过头来理顺文章的各个部分，直到清楚为止，这样才能选出正确答案。 There are four of

8、us now in the house, but over time Ive had nine people come in and move on to other places. Wed all be in _54_if we hadnt banded together .The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one. Its not so much about what I can get for myself ; its about _55_we can all get by together 54.A.yards B. she

9、lters C. camps D. cottages 【解析】 ：如果不是大家齐心协力，那么我们都将会栖身于避难所，因此选 shelters。 55.A.when B. what C. whether D. how 【解析】 ：D 本句点明中心：美国梦不是关于一个人能够获得什么，而是关于我们在一起如 何去实现它，因此选 how。 4. 通篇阅读，围绕主题（论点）推敲有疑问的题目，并最终确定答案通篇阅读，围绕主题（论点）推敲有疑问的题目，并最终确定答案 逐题按照文章的内容及语境选择完毕后，一篇完整的文章便呈现出来，此时，要注意一定要 通读全文，以验证个别题目的答案是否与主题偏离，以求更高的准确度

10、。 Exercise(一）一） Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford. Ive watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now 1 on their way to impressive careers

11、. By societys 2 , they seem to have it made. On the surface, these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left student life behind, many had a 3 drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with long time roommates, and 4 out of small apartments into high buildings. They made rese

12、rvations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine 5 a college years monthly rent. They replaced their beloved old car with expensive new sports cars. The thing is, a number of them have 6 that despite their success, they arent happy. Some 7 of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hou

13、r workweeks devoted to tasks they 8 . Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and 9 . However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the 10 to which they have so quickly become 11 . People often speak of trying a more

14、satisfying path, and 12 the end the idea of leaving, their jobs to work for something they 13 or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion; it s 14 . They have loans, bills, a mortgage（抵押贷款）to 15 , retirement to save for. Th

15、ey recognize theres something 16 in their lives , but its 17 to step off the track. In a society that tends to 18 everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn form a young age to consider the costs of our 19 in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs 20 in pursuing money

16、over meaning? There are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore and the very ones we need to consider most. 1. A. much B. never C. seldom D. well 2. A. policies B. standards C. experiments D. regulations 3. A. last B. least C. second D. best 4. A. cycled B. moved C. slid D. looked 5. A.

17、 shared B. paid C. equaled D. collected 6. A. advertised B. witnessed C. admitted D. demanded 7. A. complain B. dream C. hear D. approve 8. A. distribute B. hate C. applaud D. neglect 9. A. calm B. guilty C. warm D. empty 10. A. family B. government C. lifestyle D. project 11. A. accustomed B. appoi

18、nted C. unique D. available 12. A. yet B. also C. instead D. rather 13. A. let out B. tum in C. give up D.believe in 14. A. fundamental B. practical C. impossible D. unforgettable 15. A. take off B. drop off C. put off D. pay off 16. A. missing B. inspiring C. sinking D. shining 17. A. harmful B. ha

19、rd C. useful D. normal 18. A. measure B. suffer C. digest D. deliver 19. A. disasters B. motivations C. campaigns D. decisions 20. A. assessed B. involved C. covered D. reduced Exercise(二）二） I used to believe in the American Dream, which meant a job, a mortgage (按揭), credit cards, success. I wanted

20、it and worked toward it like everyone else, all of us 1 chasing the same thing. One year, through a series of unhappy events, it all fell 2 . I found myself homeless and alone. I had my truck and $56. I 3 the countryside for some place I could rent for the 4 possible amount. I came upon a shabby hou

21、se four miles up a winding mountain road 5 the Potomac River in West Virginia. It was 6 , full of broken glass and rubbish. I found the owner ,rented it, and 7 a corner to camp in. The locals knew nothing about me, 8 slowly, they started teaching me the 9 of being a neighbor. They dropped off blanke

22、ts, candles, and tools, and began 10 around to chat. They started to teach me a belief in a 11 American Dreamnot the one of individual achievement but of 12 . What I had believed in, all those things I thought were 13 for a civilized life, were nonexistent in this place. 14 on the mountain, my most

23、valuable possessions were my 15 with my neighbors. Four years later, I moved back into 16 . I saw many people were having a really hard time, 17 their jobs and homes. I managed to rent a big enough house to 18 a handful of people .There are four of us now in the house, but over time Ive had nine peo

24、ple come in and move on to other places. Wed all be in 19 if we hadnt banded together. The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one. Its not so much about what I can get for myself; its about 20 we can all get by together. 1. A. separately B. equally C. violently D. naturally 2. A. off B. apa

25、rt C. over D. out 3. A. crossed B.1eft C. toured D. searched 4. A. fullest B. largest C. fairest D. cheapest 5. A. at B. through C. over D. round 6. A occupied B. abandoned C. emptied D. robbed 7. A. turned B. approached C. cleared D. cut 8. A. but B. although C. otherwise D. for 9. A. benefit B. le

26、sson C. nature D. art 10. A. sticking B. looking C. swinging D. turning 11. A. wild B. real C. different D. remote 12. A. neighborliness B. happiness C. friendliness D. kindness 13. A. unique B. expensive C. rare D. necessary 14. A. Up B. Down C. Deep D.Along 15. A. cooperation B. relationships C. s

27、atisfaction D. appointments 16. A. reality B. society C. town D. life 17. A creating B. losing C. quitting D. offering 18. A. put in B.turn in C. take in D. get in 19. A. yards B. shelters C. camps D. cottages 20. A. when B. what C. whether D. how Homework （一）（一） One of the easiest things in the wor

28、ld is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be 1 when you are not busy finding fault with it. Several years ago I 2 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 3 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 4 wa

29、s ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really 5 person. Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 6 . Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 7 to deal with was that the day before the 8 , Ker

30、ry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 9 of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 10 . It wasn t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 11 her habit of finding fault. Very quic

31、kly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 12 everything so harshly(刻薄). She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 13 as well. Perhaps most of us aren t as extreme at fault-finding, 14 when we re honest, we can be sharply 15 of the world. I m not suggesting you 16 problem

32、s, or that you pretend things are 17 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are 18 most of the time, and especially when it s not a really big 19 . Train yourself to bite your tongue, and with a little 20 , you ll get really good at letting things go. And when you do,

33、 you ll get back your enthusiasm and love for life. 1.A. lonely B. great C. quiet D. uneasy 2.A. received B. answered C. expected D. rejected 3.A. threatened B. interrupted C. bothered D. spoiled 4.A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing 5.A. caring B. boring C. interesting D. surprising 6

34、.A. attitude B. plan C. measure D. explanation 7.A. urgent B. unnecessary C. certain D. impossible 8.A. occasion B. event C. accident D. adventure 9.A. memory B. notice C. evidence D. choice 10.A. hear B. contribute C. express D. admit 11.A. aware of B. afraid of C. curious about D. confused about 1

35、2.A. discuss B. realize C. judge D. settle 13.A. family B. life C. career D. education 14.A. so B. or C. but D. for 15.A. proud B. sure C. hopeful D. critical 16.A. face B. create C. solve D. ignore 17.A. rarer B. better C. stranger D. worse 18.A. at least B. At last C. By far D. So far 19.A. task B

36、. deal C. result D. duty 20.A. practice B. speech C. rest D. pity Homework （二）（二） Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have 1 feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common 2 betwee

37、n parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children s refusal to help with the 4 . On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 5 the tow

38、el in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket. The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems. However, some approaches are more 7 than others. For example, those parents who yell at

39、 their children for their untidiness, but 8 clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children s 9 . On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don t help their parents with the shopping don t find th

40、eir favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to 11 their actions. Psychologists say that 12 is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may 14 their children w

41、hen they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and 15 each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. 1.A. natural B. strong C. guilty D. similar 2.A. interest B. arg

42、ument C. link D. knowledge 3.A. noisy B. crowded C. messy D. locked 4.A. homework B. housework C. problem D. research 5.A. washing B. using C. dropping D replacing 6.A. approaches B. contributions C. introductions D. attitudes 7.A. complex B. popular C. scientific D. successful 8.A. later B. deliber

43、ately C. seldom D. thoroughly 9.A. behavior B. taste C. future D. nature 10.A. failures B. changes C. consequences D. thrills 11.A. defend B. delay C. repeat D. reconsider 12.A. communication B. bond C. friendship D. trust 13.A. reply B. attend C. attach D. talk 14.A. hate B. scold C. frighten D. stop 15.A. loving B. observing C. understanding D. praising