牛津译林版 9A Unit4重要知识点.docx

1、 1 9A U4 【welcome】 1.Whats on your mind,Eddie? on ones mind（有事）挂在心上；惦念 in ones mind 在某人的脑海里 2.Whats up?怎么了，出什么事了？ 相当于 Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats the trouble? Whats happening? What has happened? 3.Dont wake me up until you finish building it. (1)wake sb up 把某人唤醒 wake up（名随代中） (2)not.until &

2、 until not.until “直到直到才才” 常与非延续性动词连用 表示句子（主句）的动作直到 until 所表 示的时间才开始。 until “直到直到为止为止”， 表示动作， 状态的持续， 常与延续性动词连用 表示句子 （主句） 的动作一直持续到 until 所表示的时间为止。 (3)fish 及物动词“完成” +名词/代词/v-ing finish doing sth 做完某事 4.Life is a journey. journey 可数名词“旅行，旅游” have a journey 2 go on a journey 动词“旅行” （长途陆路用 journey, 短途短裙用

3、trip, 观光旅游用 tour, 时长路远用 travel） 5.Books allow me to learn about people in different times and places,and I can read them whenever I want to. (1) time 可数名词“时代， （历史）时期” in modern times 在现代 in ancient times 在古代 可数名词“次数；倍数” 不可数名词“时间” (2)whenever 无论何时 no matter when whereverno matter where howeverno matt

4、er how whoeverno matter who whateverno matter what 6.I like to learn about the world through the Internet. through 介词 “凭借” “通过，穿过” (内部） 7.As soon as you click the mouse,theres a great deal of information. （1）as soon as 一就 （2）许多 可数名词复数 不可数名词 a great deal of plenty of a lot of/lots of 3 a number of （3

5、）information 不可数名词“信息；消息” a piece of information 一条消息 【reading】 1.He was very small -much better than the other kids at school. (1)much 副词 得多 相当于 a lot 修饰比较级 修饰比较级的词: a little/a bit far even (2)the other kids 其他的孩子；其他任何孩子 相当于 any other kids 比较级+than+the other+可名复可名复+比较范围 比较级+than+any other+可名单可名单+比较

6、范围 2.However,he had a bid dream -he wanted to play in the NBA. However, . ,however . . ,however. 3.While attending junior high,Spud tired out for the school team,but he was refused at first because he was too small. (1) while 连词 “当时候”，后面跟现在分词或时间状语从句，表示时间。当 while 从句中的主语和主 句一致，且含有 be 的某种形式时，从句中的主语连同 b

7、e 可同时省略。 while (he was)attending junior,. “然而”，表对比 （2）try out for 参加选拔（或试演） 4.He did not lose heart. 4 lose heart 泄气；灰心 lose构成的短语 lose ones heart to 爱上 lose ones way 迷路 lose face 丢脸 lose ones job/work 失业 lose ones voice 失声 lose ones life 失去生命 lose weight 减肥 lose ones head 失去理智 lose interest in.对失去兴趣

8、 lose oneself in.沉浸于，专心于 5.When he finally got the chance,he scored 20 points in his first game. (1)chance 名词“机会，可能性” get a chance 得到机会 have a chance of doing sthhave a chance to do sth 有机会做某事 （2）score 及物动词/不及物动词“得分，获胜” 可数名词“得分；比分”；“（考试中的）成绩；分数” 6.In senior high,Spud often had to sit in the stands b

9、ecause of his height. because of+名词/代词/名词短语 because +原因状语从句 7.He practised even harder and got the coach to change his mind. (1)get sb to do sth 使/让某人做某事（let/make sb do sth） (2)change ones mind 改变主意 make up ones mind(to do sth)下定决心（做某事） (3)mind doing sth 介意做某事 mind sb/sbs doing sth 介意某人做某事 8.Spud we

10、nt on to become leader of the team. (1)go on 5 go on to do sth（完成某事后）接着做另一件事 Having finished doing his homework,he went on to write a letter to his friend. go on doing sth 不停地做某事 You cant go on working without a rest. go on with sth（尤指停顿或中断之后）继续做同一件事 We will go on with the discussion tomorrow. (2)le

11、ad - leader 有些动词加后缀_er 构成表示对应职业的名词，有些动词加后缀_or 构成表示对应职业的 名词 teach-teacher sing-singer read-reader visit-visitor invent-inventor 有些动词加后缀_er 或_or 构成的名词多指男性，若指女性则要加后缀_ress act-actor-actress wait-waiter-waitress 9In his last year of senior high,he was named Player of the Year in Texas. name 及物动词“命名” name

12、 sb/sth. 把某人/某物命名为 动词“提名，任命” name sb as. 任命某人为 可数名词“名字” 10.However,no university would invite him to play basketball simply because he was only 170cm tall. (1)university 大学 college student(s) 大学生 go to college 上大学 6 (2)invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 invite sb to spl 邀请某人去某地 invitation n.邀请 (3)simply 副词

13、“只是，仅仅” 形容词“简单的，简易的”easy 反义词:hard/difficult 11.He decided to play at junior college. decide (not) to do sth 决定（不）做某事 12.There he led his team to the national championship. led(led,led,leading）及物动词“带路，领先” led.to. 带领去 led sb to do sth 致使/诱惑某人做某事 led to（道路等）通往；引起（结果等） All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。 13

14、.As a result,he succeeded in getting a scholarship. （1）as a result“因此，结果因此，结果”，后面指事情的结果 as a result of“由于由于”，后面接事情的原因，相当于 because of。 （2）succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事 14.Although he was a great player at university,the NBA was not interested in him because all its players were more than 20cm taller th

15、an he was. (1)although 连词 “尽管；虽然”引导让步状语从句。相当于 though,但 although 多用于书面语 中 (2)more thanover 多于；超过 反义词:less than 15.After he graduated,he was forced to play in another basketball league. (1)graduate 不及物动词“毕业” graduate from. 从毕业 graduate in.毕业于（专业） 7 graduation n.毕业 after graduation 毕业后 (2)force及物动词“强迫；

16、迫使” force sb to do sth 迫使某人做某事 be forced to do sth 被迫做某事 不可数名词“力量” 16.He remained there for about a year before the NBA took notice of him. (1)remain 不及物动词“逗留，停留” 不及物动词“遗留，继续存在” 连系动词“仍然是，保持不变” (2)take notice of 注意，察觉，理会 take no notice of 不注意，不理会 17. In 1985,he joined the Atlanta Hawks and become the

17、 shortest player in the NBA at that time. “ 加入 ” join 参加某个组织或团体，并成为其中一员 join in 参加某个活动 take part in 参加会议或群众性活动，并在活动中发挥作用 18. He had many achievements,but his proudest moment came in 1986. (1) achievement 可数名词“成就，成绩” the achievement of. .的成就/成绩 achieve vt.获得，实现；取得 achieve ones dream 实现某人的梦想(=ones dre

18、am come true) (2) proud adj.自豪的，骄傲的 be proud of. 为.自豪 be proud to do sth 自豪地做某事 8 be proud+that 引导的从句 pride n.自豪，骄傲 take pride in. 为.而自豪（=be proud of.） the pride of. .的骄傲 19. Through hard work,Spud Webb proved that size and body type do not matter-you can do almost anything if you never give up. (1)

19、 prove vt.证明；证实 prove+名词/代词 He did some experiments to prove his theory. prove+宾语+宾语补足语(adj./n./to do(to be 可省略) Again history proved him (to be)wrong. prove+(that)从句 The doctors tests proved (that) Mr Black was in good health. (2) matter 不及物动词“要紧，有重大影响” 常用于否定句中，It doesnt matter.没关系没关系 可数名词“事情，问题，毛病

20、” Thats only a matter of time.那只是时间问题。 名词“麻烦，毛病” Whats the matter with.? 【grammar】 1. They can be placed at the beginning or in the middle of sentences. (1) at the beginning of. 在.之初 反：at the end of. 在.末尾/尽头 beginning构成的短语 9 at the beginning 起初，开始 from the beginning 从一开始 from beginning to end 从有到尾 (

21、2) in the middle of. 在.中间 in the middle of the night 半夜 in the middle of the road 在路中央 2. Before and after can also be used as prepositions of time. be used as. 被用作. be used to do sth 被用来做某事（be used for doing sth） be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 be used by sb 被某人使用 3. I jogging ev

22、ery morning. go jogging 去慢跑 go+doing 去做某事，常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动 4. I received a call from my uncle. receive 动词“接到，收到”=get receive/get a call from sb 接到某人的电话 receive 收到 指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受 accept 接受 主观上愿意接受 5. I waited for 2 minutes at the bus stop until / till the bus arrived. arrive in/at spl. reach

23、spl. get to spl. 6. .he did not become serious about basketball until/till he was 12. 10 become/be serous about. 认真对待. 7. The best moment in his career was in 2004-he scored 41 points in a game against the Atlanta Hawks. against 介词 对抗；与.相反；违反 be against. 反对.(反义词组：be for 支持) 靠着；顶着；碰；撞；迎着；衬着 8. When Y

24、ao Ming was living in the USA,he returned to China whenever he was needed. return 不及物动词“返回，回来”=go/come back return to spl.返回某地 return from spl.从某 9. before,after,when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句 before 在.之前 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。 after 在.之后 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 when 当.时 表示主句动作发生的特定时间。主从句的 动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。 从句的时态多用一

25、般现在时/一般过 去时； 谓语动词可以是延续性动词也可以 是非延续动词。 while 在.期间 表示主句动作发生在从句进行的过程中。 主语一致，从句中有 be 动词的形式 时，主语和 be 动词可以省略； 谓语动词只能是延续性动词延续性动词。 与.同时 强调主句动作和从句动作是同时发生的。 10. since,till 和 until 引导的时间状语从句 since 自从.以来 主句：现在完成时 从句：一般过去时 谓语动词：延续性/非延续性 till 直到.为止 一般情况下两者可以互换，until 更正式 until （主 not.非延续性动词.until. 主句谓语动词为延续性动词，肯定 1

26、1 将从 现） 或否定形式都可。 Do not wake me up until you finish your work. He lived with his family until he got married. 11. as soon as 和 whenever 引导的时间状语从句 as soon as 一.就. 主将从现主将从现 whenever 每当；任何时候 【integrated skills】 1. World War broke out in Europe in 1939 and ended in 1945. break out（战争、火灾等）突然发生，爆发 break 构

27、成的短语 break down 停止运转；出故障；抛锚 break off 中断，停止；折断 break into 强行闯入 break in 打断（他人说话） 2. .has been translated into 67 languages since them. translate.into. 把.翻译成. 3. It was a record of that time,and it has also become a symbol of the victory of the human spirit. （1） record 可数名词“记录” keep a record of. 把.记录

28、下来；保留.的记载 名词“ （常指运动)记录，最好的成绩” break a record 打破记录 make/set a record 创造记录 keep/hold a record 保持记录 12 动词“录制，记录” （2）symbol 可数名词“象征” a symbol of. .的象征；.的标志 （3）victory 名词“胜利” win /score a victory 获得胜利 the joy of victory 胜利的喜悦 4. they went to hiding in her fathers office. go into hiding 躲藏起来 5. Anne and h

29、er elder sister died of illness. die of 死于（内因）死于（内因） die from 死于（外因死于（外因） 6. her father had her diary published. have sth done 使某事被做 拓展have sb do sth 让某人做某事 7. Because the German Nazis hated the Jews and wanted to kill them. German 德国人的；德国人（复数：Germans） ；德语 Germany 德国 8. During that difficult time,An

30、ne kept writing in her diary until they were discovered by the Nazis in August 1944. keep on doing sth 一直/不断做某事 拓展keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事 keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 9. In her diary ,Anne wrote down her thoughts,her feeling,her hopes and her dreams for the future. (1)write down 写下；记下（名随代中） (2)

31、 though 可数名词“主意，想法，思想” 13 不可数名词“思考，思维” 10.12-year-old boy 一个 12 岁的男孩 基数词-名词（单数）-形容词 11. get away (from.)逃脱， （使）离开 12. homeless adj.无家可归的 -less 形容词后缀，有“无.,没有.”之意 13. admire vt.钦佩，羡慕 admire sb for sth 因某事羡慕某人 14. encourage vt.鼓励 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 15. Its a pity+(that)从句 .真遗憾；.真可惜 What a p

32、ity!/Thats a pity!真可惜！/真遗憾！ 16. in peace = peacefully 平静地，安静地 17. in fear of ones life 为某人地生命安全而担忧 【study skills&task】 1. describe vt.描述；描写；形容 describe .as. 把.描述为. 2. boredom 不可数名词“无聊，厌倦” bore+后缀-dom free+dom -freedom king+dom -kingdom 3. discover vt.发现，发觉 discovery 不可数名词 “发现，发觉” / 可数名词“被发现的事实/事物” 4

33、. in his fifties 他五十多岁 in ones+整十数词的复数 某人几十多岁 5. 否定前缀 un- fair-unfair lucky-unlucky friendly-unfriendly 6. in need 在危难中，在危急中 14 类似 in trouble 处于困境中 in danger 处于危险中 7. surprise 名词“惊异，诧异 in surprise 吃惊地 to ones surprise 令某人惊讶的是 可数名词“意想不到的事” vt.使（人）惊讶；使（人）吃惊 8. research 不可数名词“研究，调查” do some research 做研究，做调查 vt.研究；调查；探究 9. death n.死亡 the death of. .的死亡 deadadj.死的 die vi.死亡 10. Now I realized that he has a heart full of love. be full of.=be filled with. 充满.