2020-2021学年中考英语语法专项讲解训练：情态动词.docx

1、2020-2021 学年中考英语语法专项讲解训练：情态动词 一、一、can/could 1. 表示“能力”，can 表示现在的能力，could 表示过去的能力。 例 Can you lift this heavy box? 2. 表示推测，通常用于否定句，cant 表示“不可能”，用于表示把握比较大的推测。 例 That cant be Mary, for she is in hospital. 3. 表示“请求”和“许可”(could 用来表示“请求”时，是委婉的说法，回答时一般用 can)。 例 -Could you please do me a favor? -Yes, I can. -

2、Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes.OK？ -Sorry.It_in such a short time. A. may do B.cant be done C.must do D.neednt be done _she ride when she was three years old？ A.Can B.Could C.Need D.May 答案：B B 二、二、may/might 1. may 和 might 在肯定句中表示“允许”，在疑问句中表示“请求”。might 表示请求时，对其进行肯定回答 用 may/can, 而不用 might； 对于 m

3、ay的疑问句， 肯定回答用“Yes, you may.”， 否定回答用“No, you cant/musnt.” 例 May I go fishing with you tomorrow? Yes, you may. /No, you cant/mustnt. 2. 表示推测，意为“可能，或许”，比 can 的可能性小。通常不用于疑问句中。 例 She may be at home today. 3. may 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。 例 May you be happy forever. -_I have your name，please？ -Yes，Michael.M-I-C-H-A-E-L

4、. A.Must B.Will C.May D.Need -May I go to the cinema，dad？ -No，you_.You must finish your homework first. A.mustnt B.wont C.dont D.neednt -What do you send to your sister as a Christmas gift? -I havent decided yet. I _ send her a handbag. 答案：C A may 可能性 cancouldmaymight 礼貌程度 mightmaycouldcan 三、must 1.

5、 表示义务、必要性、命令等，意为“必须，应该”，更强调主观态度。 例 You must finish your homework this afternoon. You mustnt smoke here. 2. 表示推测。语气最为肯定，一般用于肯定句，意为“一定，准是”。 例 She must be tired after such a long walk. 注意： 其否定形式为 mustnt, 意为“不许， 禁止”。 若要表示“不必须， 没必要”时， 则用 dont have to 或 neednt ； 若表示“不可能”时，用 cant. 练习 The desk is not dirty.

6、You_clean it. A.mustnt B.shouldnt C.neednt D.cant Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening? -No, it _be her. She_ to Japan. A.mustnt has gone B.mustnt has been C.cant has gone D.cant has been 答案：C C may 四、have to 表示客观需要，意为“必须，不得不”，强调客观上的必要性。 例 You have to be back before 10 oclock because the train

7、 leaves at 10:05. 五、shall 1. 征求对方意见。用于主语是第一人称或第三人称的疑问句中。 例 Henry is waiting outside. Shall he come in, sir? 2. 表示说话者给出的命令、警告、许诺或威胁等。用于主语是第二人称或第三人称的陈述句中。 例 You shall be punished for what you have done. Tell Jerry he shall get a gift if he is nice. 3. 在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示规定或义务等。 例 Those belonging to our cl

8、ub shall wear uniforms. 六、should 1. 表示劝告、建议、命令或义务。 例 You should learn to respect your elders. You should help him because he is in trouble. 2. 表示惊讶、忧虑、惋惜等情绪，意为“竟会，竟然”。 例 Its a pity that you should be so careless. Why should anyone want to marry Tony? 七、ought to 1. 意为“理应，应该”，表示一种义务或从道理或道义上来讲的一种责任，可用

9、should 替换。 例 You ought to study hard. 2. 意为“应该，应是”，表示一种推测，可用 should 替换。 例 He is honest, so what he said ought to be true. 八、will/would 1. 表示意愿，自愿或主动提出做什么。 例 I will help you if you meet with trouble. 2.表示请求，would 比 will 语气委婉。 例 Would you please let me have a look? 3.表示习惯或倾向。will 用于表示一般的习惯，would 用于描述过

10、去的习惯或例行的活动。 例 Jealousy will spoil friendship. He would come to help us when he was free. 4.will 表示规律性的“注定会”。 例 You will fail if you dont work hard. Man will die without air. 九、need 1. 表示必要性，常用于疑问句和否定句中，neednt 表示“不必”；对 need 引出的一般疑问句作肯定回答时用 must 而不用 need，作否定回答是用 neednt。 例 This is a free service; you n

11、eednt pay for it. Need I hand in the application now? Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. 十、dare 意为“敢，胆敢”，作情态动词时后跟动词原形，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。 例 How dare she do things like that to me? Dare you catch the mouse? No, I dare not. 练习 1. I have prepared all kinds of food for the picnic. Do you mean we_bring anyth

12、ing with us? A. cant B. mustnt C. shant D. neednt 2. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but_say where he was. A mustnt B shouldnt C wouldnt D mightnt 3. It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, _bring me food. A might B would C should D could 4. You_buy a gift, but you can

13、 if you want. A must B mustnt C have to D dont have to 5. The new law states that people_drive after drinking alcohol. A wouldnt B neednt C wont D mustnt 6. You neednt take an umbrella. It isnt going to rain. Well, I dont know. It _do. A might B need C would D should 7. _I take the book out? Im afra

14、id not. A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need 8. He_sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it. A wouldnt B shouldnt C couldnt D mustnt 9. What do you want to eat for lunch? 1 will prepare earlier today, Honey, you_. Lets go out to have something different. A

15、. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D. dont have to 10. -Is that our new English teacher? -Well, it _ be, but I am not quite sure. A should B might C must D cant 11. -What are you going to order? -Well, I think I _ try the fried eggs, but I am not sure yet. A must B might C cant D shouldnt 答案：1.D 2.C 3.C 4

16、.D 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.B 11.B 1 ( ) 1 John_ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. must ( ) 2 They _ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to ( ) 3 -May I take this book out? -No, you_. A. cant B. may not C. neednt D

17、. arent ( ) 4 You_ go and see a doctor at once because youre got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would ( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I_. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not 2 ( ) 1 -He_ be in the classroom, I think. -No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; m

18、ay not B. must; may not C. may; cant D. may; mustnt ( ) 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? -Thanks, but you_, Ive had enough. A. may not B. must not C. cant D. neednt ( ) 3 Even the top students in our class cant work out this problem, so it be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need (

19、 ) 4 He isnt at school. I think he _ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to ( ) 5 _ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do 3 ( ) 1 The children_ play football on the road. A. cant B. can C. mustnt D. must ( ) 2 You _ be late for school again next time. A. mustnt B. neednt C. dont have to D.

20、 dont need to ( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once? -No, you_. A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. may not 4 ( ) 1 His arm is all right. He_ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. dont have to C. havent to D. doesnt have to ( ) 2 He had to give up the plan, _ he? A. did B. didnt C. does D. doesnt ( ) 3

21、They had to walk here, _ they? A. mustnt B. did C. didnt D. hadnt 5 ( ) 1 He had better stay here, _ he? A. didnt B. dont C. hadnt D. isnt ( ) 2 Youd better_late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. wont be D. dont be ( ) 3 Youd better _ your hair _ once a month. A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have;

22、cut D. have; cutted ( ) 4 You_ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not 6 ( ) 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? A. Here you are B. Sorry, I cant C. Yes, please D. Let me try ( ) 2 -Why dont you ask

23、Mike to go with us? -Thanks, _. A. I will B. I wont C. lean D. I may ( ) 3 -_ I take the newspaper away? -No, you mustnt. You_read it only here. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must 7 ( ) 1 Excuse me. _ you please pass me that cup? A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must ( ) 2 _ you like to

24、 have another try? A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do ( ) 3 -Would you like to go boating with us? -Yes, _. A. Id like B. I want C. Id like to D. I do 8 ( ) 1 You_ worry about your son. He will get well soon. A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt D. have to ( ) 2 The poor man needs our help, _ he? A. need B. neednt C. does D. doesnt ( ) 3 -Must we do our homework first? -No, you_. You may have a rest first. A. mustnt B. neednt C. may not D. cant 习题答案： 1. 1-5 A D A B B 2. 1-5 C D B C A 3. 1-3 C A A 4. 1-3 D B C 5. 1-4 C B C C 6. 1-3 B A B 7. 1-3 C C C 8. 1-3 A D B