高中英语必修五UNIT 1Grammar课件（39张ppt）.ppt

1、 Used as the Attribute and Predicative Past participle (1) 1. So many thousands of terrified people died. 2. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 3. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people. attribute attribute predicative What is

2、the past participle used for? a piece of broken glass boiled water a used stamp a buried box of coins a damaged computer worn-out shoes 一片碎玻璃一片碎玻璃 开水开水 一枚用过的邮票一枚用过的邮票 一箱埋起来的硬币一箱埋起来的硬币 穿破的鞋子穿破的鞋子 一台损坏了的计算机一台损坏了的计算机 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 Translate the following phrases. Complete the table with phrases that h

3、ave the same meaning. terrified people reserved seats polluted water a crowded room a pleased winner people terrified of (cholera) seats reserved for water polluted by a room crowded of a winner pleased at children astonished at/by a vase broken by a door closed by the audience tired by an animal tr

4、apped in /by astonished children a closed door the tired audience a trapped animal a broken vase 一一、过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 1 1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和 完成的意义完成的意义，常作前置定语常作前置定语。 a lost animal 一只迷路的动物一只迷路的动物 a used stamp 一枚用过的邮票一枚用过的邮票 an injured finger 一个受伤的手指一个受伤的手指 a broken coin 一枚破损的硬币一枚破损的硬币

5、a lighted candle 一支点燃的蜡烛一支点燃的蜡烛 注意：过去分词作定语时注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义有时只有被动意义。 spoken English 英语口语英语口语 written exercises 书面练习书面练习 少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的 过去分词只有完成的意义过去分词只有完成的意义 fallen leaves 落叶落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳升起来的太阳 the advanced countries 发达国家发达国家 a drunk man 一个醉鬼一个醉鬼 a returned studen

6、t 一名归国留学生一名归国留学生 a retired teacher 一名退休教师一名退休教师 an escaped prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯一名逃跑的囚犯 by-gone days 过去的岁月过去的岁月 2、过去分词作后置定语过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和或完表示被动和或完 成意义成意义。 How I regretted the hours wasted in the woods! I like wearing clothes made of this kind of cloth The books written by Lu Xun are popular Well go to v

7、isit the bridge built hundreds of years ago Change the following Past Participle into clauses. 1) He told us of the great wrong done to him. = He told us of the great wrong _ to him. which had been done 注注: : 本句中的过去分词作定语本句中的过去分词作定语，既表被动既表被动 又表完成又表完成。 2）The United States is a developed country. = The

8、 United Stated is a country _ . which has developed 注注: : 本句中的过去分词作定语本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示完成只表示完成。 3）Have you noticed the bridge being built there? = Have you noticed the bridge _ there? which is being built 注：注：本句中的过去分词作定语本句中的过去分词作定语，表示被动的动表示被动的动 作正在进行作正在进行。 1. I dont know the girl _ (catch) in the snow

9、storm. 解析：小女孩是“被困”在暴风雪中，所以解析：小女孩是“被困”在暴风雪中，所以 空白处应填过去分词作后置定语。空白处应填过去分词作后置定语。 2. The girl _ (knock) down by a car was dying. 解析：小女孩是“被”小汽车“撞倒”的，解析：小女孩是“被”小汽车“撞倒”的， 所以空白处应填过去分词，作后置定语。所以空白处应填过去分词，作后置定语。 典型例题典型例题 caught knocked 3. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the enve

10、lope _ (provide). 解析解析: 动词动词provide与其逻辑主语与其逻辑主语envelop是是 被动关系，在句中作定语，相当于被动关系，在句中作定语，相当于which is provided。 provided 4. “Its such a nice place.” Mother said as she sat at the table _ (reserve) for customers. 解析：解析：reserve 和谓语动词和谓语动词sat 之间没有连之间没有连 词，且和其逻辑主语词，且和其逻辑主语the table 逻辑上构逻辑上构 成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、成

11、被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、 完成的概念，在句子中做后置定语。完成的概念，在句子中做后置定语。 reserved 5. Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _ (appoint) to guard her. 6. The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras _ (return) to our shop for quality problems. 7. The players _ (select) from the whol

12、e country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. appointed returned selected 8. Tsinghua University, _ (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. 解析：句中的主语解析：句中的主语Tsinghua University与与 found构成逻辑上的被动关系；再根据时构成逻辑上的被动关系；再根据时 间间1911年可知年可知found动作已经完成，故用动作已经完成，故用 过去分词。过去

13、分词。 founded 9. So far nobody has claimed the money _ (discover) in the library. 解析：该空在句中作后置定语，修饰解析：该空在句中作后置定语，修饰the money，根据，根据the money与与discover的被动的被动 关系，可判断填关系，可判断填discovered。 discovered 10. A great number of students _ (question) said they were forced to practise the piano. 解析：解析：question与与stude

14、nts 存在被动关系，存在被动关系， question表示的动作也已完成，故用过去表示的动作也已完成，故用过去 分词。分词。 questioned 11. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _ (borrow) from the library. 解析：根据选项此题考察非谓语动词，题解析：根据选项此题考察非谓语动词，题 干中空格划在名词干中空格划在名词maps后，空格后部分是后，空格后部分是 对对maps解释说明，因此此题考察非谓语动解释说明，因此此题考察非谓语动 词做定语。根据句意，词做定语。根据句意，borrow的动作已经的动作已经

15、完成，因此填完成，因此填borrowed。 borrowed 12. The island, _ (join) to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. 解析：解析：join to 表示“把表示“把连接起连接起 来”，来”，joined在句中是过去分词作定语，在句中是过去分词作定语， 相当于定语从句相当于定语从句which is joined 。 joined 过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别 区别主要表现在语态和时间关系上区别主要表现在语态和时间关系上 首先，在语态上不同：首先，在语态上不同：现在分词表示主现在分

16、词表示主 动的意思，而过去分词多表示被动的意思。动的意思，而过去分词多表示被动的意思。 请比较：请比较： surprising news 使人吃惊的消息使人吃惊的消息 surprised listeners 吃惊的听众吃惊的听众 值得注意的是，有一些过去分词由不及物值得注意的是，有一些过去分词由不及物 动词变来，它们只表示一个动作已完成，动词变来，它们只表示一个动作已完成， 没有被动的意味。例如：没有被动的意味。例如：fallen leaves 落叶落叶 其次，时间关系上不同：一般来说，其次，时间关系上不同：一般来说，现在现在 分词表示的动作往往正在进行，而过去分分词表示的动作往往正在进行，而

17、过去分 词所表示的动作往往已经完成。词所表示的动作往往已经完成。请比较：请比较： the changing world 正在发生变化的世界正在发生变化的世界 the changed world 已经变化了的世界已经变化了的世界 1. There was a terrible noise _ (follow) the sudden burst of light. 答案答案following。由于声音在闪电后，因此为由于声音在闪电后，因此为 声跟随着光，声音为跟随的发出者，为主动。声跟随着光，声音为跟随的发出者，为主动。 用现在分词。用现在分词。 2. _ (follow) by some off

18、icials, Napoleon inspected his army. 答案答案Followed。 Napoleon 与与follow 之间有被之间有被 动的含义。动的含义。 following Followed Read the sentences, paying attention to the past participle. The glass is broken. Our classroom is crowded. The ground is covered with snow. I found that I was lost. Those days are gone. He is

19、 dead drunk. 二二、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语 1、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处表示主语的特点或所处 的状态的状态，其前的系动词有包括其前的系动词有包括be在内的多在内的多 种形式种形式。 Everyone present is very inspired at his speech 听了他的发言听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋在场的所有人都很振奋。 You seem frightened. 你似乎受了惊吓。你似乎受了惊吓。 2、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被构成的系表结构与被 动语态的区别：动语态的区别： 过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，

20、强调主语的特点或所强调主语的特点或所 处的状态；而被动语态中处的状态；而被动语态中，主语是动词主语是动词 所表示动作的承受者所表示动作的承受者。 This shop is now closed 这家商店现在已经关门了这家商店现在已经关门了。(状态状态) This shop is closed at 6 p.m. every day 这家商店每天这家商店每天6点关门。点关门。(动作）动作） 3、 现在分词作表语，表示的动作与句子的现在分词作表语，表示的动作与句子的 主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系；而过去分词主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系；而过去分词 作表语，其动作与句子的主语构成逻辑上作表语，其动作与句子的

21、主语构成逻辑上 的动宾关系。的动宾关系。如：如： The news was exciting and we were all excited. The news was exciting and it excited us all. We were surprised at what he said at the meeting. What he said at the meeting surprised us. 1. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash c

22、loud. 2. _ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star. 典型例题典型例题 stuck Raised 3. _ (absorb) in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching. 4. As we joined the big crowd I got _ (separate) from my friends. Absorbed separated 一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。一、用括号内动词的适当形式填

23、空。 1.The concert _ (hold) at the Beijing Workers Stadium was a big success. 2. Walking out of the office with a _ (force) smile on her face, she turned to say goodbye to her teacher. held forced 3. He asked his students to remain _ (seat) until all the papers had been handed in. 4. There was nothing

24、 _ (leave) in the fridge, so he had to go out for dinner. 5. The students were all _ (inspire) when they heard the _ (inspire) news. seated left inspired inspiring 6. When he got back, he found that his bread had gotten _ (burn). 7. The police said on Thursday that they had a _ (suspect) person of t

25、he murder, which could be a great help to them. burnt suspected 8. Fortunately, the _ (infect) people were sent to hospital immediately. 9. The primary purpose is to make achievements in biological research _ (know) to the public. infected known 10. John told me that the _ (excite) plan was the one

26、put forward by Mr. Zhang at yesterdays meeting. 11. The museum once _ (build) for exhibiting famous cars has been pulled down. exciting built 二、翻译题。二、翻译题。 1. 丢了钱他自责不已。丢了钱他自责不已。 He _ about losing the money. 2. 你为什么总是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得你为什么总是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得 好吗？好吗？ Why do you always _ ? Do you sleep well these d

27、ays? got blamed look so tired 3. 我对昨晚看的电影很失望，我原以为它能我对昨晚看的电影很失望，我原以为它能 好些。好些。 I _the film I saw last night, I had expected it to be better. 4. 听说那位明星死了听说那位明星死了，人人都很震惊人人都很震惊。 Everybody _to hear the death of the famous film star was disappointed with was shocked 5. 要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。 The ch

28、ildren_ going to the zoo 6. 他的伤口感染了一种新病毒他的伤口感染了一种新病毒. His wound _ a new virus are really excited about became infected with Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative. 1. He got _ about losing the money. 2. Why do you always look so_ after working for a whole day? 3. I was _ with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better. worried tired disappointed 4. Everybody was _ to hear of the death of the famous film star. 5. Everybody is really _ about the new Olympic stadiums. 6. His wound became _ with a new virus. shocked/ depressed excited infected