初中英语新外研版七年级下册Unit2单词讲解A部分（2025春）.doc

1、七年级英语下册Unit2单词讲解（A部分）1.Last but not least 最后但同样重要的（一点）【用法讲解】该短语用于在列举一系列事物或人时，表示最后一个所提到的事物或人同样重要；常常用在列举事物或表达感谢时。Eg: The author thanked the publisher, editor, andlast but not least, his family in his book.作者在书中感谢了出版商、编辑、最后还感谢了同样重要的家人。Last but not least, we must thank our host for his hospitality.最后但同样

2、重要的是，我们得感谢主人得热情好客。【知识拓展】Last(形容词) “最后的；上次的”(副词)“最后地”(名词)“最后”Eg: Mike was thelastperson to arrive.马克是最后一个到的。lastweek上周Mike arrivedlast.马克最后一个到。atlast最后；最终The courseslastfor six weeks.这个课程持续六周。【知识拓展】least为little的最高级形式。【常见短语】at least至少Eg: You should study forat leasttwo hours every day.你应该每天至少学习两个小时。2.

3、Marathon (名词)马拉松赛跑（全程约26英里或42千米）【用法讲解】marathon是可数名词，其复数形式为marathons。Eg: He is running in his firstmarathon.他正在跑他的第一次马拉松比赛。3.However (副词)然而【用法讲解】however作副词时可表示转折，用来连接两个独立的句子；也可表示让步，用来修饰形容词或副词，译为“无论如何”。Eg: Id like to go with you;however, my hands are full.我很想和你一块去，然而，我忙不过来。Howeverlate it is, he will w

4、ait for you.无论多晚，他都会等你。However也可作连词，用来引导让步状语从句。Eg:Howeverrich people are, they always seem anxious to take more money.无论人们有多富裕，他们似乎总是渴望挣得更多的钱。4.Still (副词)还、仍然【用法讲解】still在作副词时用于描述某人或事持续存在或状态依旧；Eg: Istillowe you a lunch. 我还欠你一顿午饭。Still也可作形容词，译为“静止的”；Eg: The lake isstilltoday.今天湖水十分平静。Still也可作动词，译为“使静止

5、、平静或安静”。Eg: The windstilled.风停了。5.Metre (名词)（书面缩写为m）米、公尺【用法讲解】metre也可写作meter，为可数名词，其复数形式为metres。【常见搭配】数词+ metres“.米”Eg: The river is about 1000metreslong.这条河大约1000米长。6.Line (名词)线【用法讲解】line为可数名词，其复数形式为lines；line作名词，也可译为“路线、队伍”等。【常见搭配】finishing line终点线Stand in line 排队A fine line一线之隔Line也可作动词，译为“画一条线”。

6、Eg: Please draw alineunder the sentence.请在这个句子下画一条线。The nextlineshould read: Five days, 23.5 hours. 下一行应该是：5天，23.5小时。We are standing inline. 我们正在排队。There is a finelinebetween success and failure.成功与失败只在一线之间。Pleaselineyour paper with a pencil and ruler. 请用铅笔和尺在纸上画线。7.Breath (名词)呼出的气、吸入的气【派生词】其动词形式为br

7、eathe，译为“呼吸”。【常见搭配】Hold ones breath屏住呼吸Short of breath喘不上气来Out of breath气喘吁吁地Take a deep breath深吸一口气Eg: Hisbreathsmelled of garlic.她呼吸中有大蒜味。Hold your breathand count to ten.屏住呼吸，数到十。I amshout of breathwhen going upstairs.我们上楼梯会觉得喘不过气来。We wereout of breathafter only five minutes.我们五分钟后便气喘吁吁了。Take a d

8、eep breathand see how long you can stay underwater.深吸一口气，看你能在水里待多久。8.Would (动词)会【用法讲解】would可以用来表示过去将来时、假设、推测、愿望或虚拟语气等。【知识拓展】Would like译为“想要”，相当于want。但would like比较礼貌委婉、正式规范；而want比较直接、非正式且随意。常用短语：would like sth.“想要某物”；would like to do sth.“想要做某事”Eg: The boywould likesome milk.“这个男孩想要一些牛奶。”Shewould lik

9、e togo shopping with me.“她想要和我一起购物。”注意：(1)Would like中的would为情态动词，无人称和数的变化，将含有would like的句子变为否定句时，在would后加not；变一般疑问句时将would提前。(2)在以would开头的一般疑问句中，some不需要变为any.(3) - Would you like .?你想要.吗？-肯定回答：Yes, please.否定回答：No, thanks.Eg: Iwould like toplay football.我想要踢足球。否定句：Iwouldnt like toplay football.我不想踢足球

10、。一般疑问句：Would you like toplay football?你想要踢足球吗？其肯定回答为：Yes, Id love to. 是的，我想.Would you likesome coffee?你相要写咖啡吗？其否定回答为：Id love to, but .我想去，但是.相关缩写：I would = Id;She would = Shed;He would = Hed;We would = Wed;They would = Theyd9.Confident (形容词)有信心的、自信的【派生词】其名词形式为confidence。【常见搭配】be confident (in onesel

11、f)（对自己）充满信心Be confident of .对.有把握Be confident about .对.有信心Eg: She is aconfidentwoman.她是一个自信的女人。She isconfident inher ability to succeed.她自信有能力成功。Iam confident ofmy success.我对成功有把握。Iam confident aboutmy future.我对我的未来很有信心。10.Stomachache (名词)胃痛、肚子痛【用法讲解】该词是“stomach（肚子、胃）+ ache（疼）”的合成词。【常见搭配】have a/ an

12、+疾病名称 患.病【知识拓展】“身体部分+ ache”可以用来表示“.疼”。Eg: have astomachache肚子疼、胃疼Have aheadache头疼Have atoothache牙疼Have acough咳嗽Have afever发烧11.Shall (动词)要不要.？【用法讲解】shall为助动词或情态动词，常用来表示将来时态、征求意见、命令或警告等。表示将来时态时，shall常用于第一人称；Eg: Weshallread some more books.我们将读更多的书。表征求意见时，shall常用于第一人称或第三人称的疑问句中；Eg:Shallwe begin our le

13、sson?我们开始上课好吗？表命令、警告和允诺时，shall用于第二人称和第三人称的陈述句中。Eg: Youshallfinish the job by yourself.你得自己完成这项工作。12.Either (代词)（两者中的）任何一个【常见搭配】either A or B或者A或者B注意：该结构作主语时，谓语动词需用临近原则。Eg: There is a coffee or tea, you can haveeither.咖啡和茶都有，你随便喝哪一种都行。It iseithera boyora girl.不是男孩就是女孩。【知识拓展】either作副词，可译为“也”，常常用于否定句中。

14、【易混辨析】Too, as well, also与either区别：Too“也”常位于肯定句句尾，前面有逗号。As well“也”常位于肯定句句尾，无逗号。Also“也”位于句中，be动词、助动词、情态动词后Either“也”位于否定句句尾。Eg: She is a student,too.= She is a studentas well.= She isalsoa student.她也是一名学生。She isnt a student,either.她也不是一名学生。13.Choice (名词)选择、选择权【用法讲解】choice为可数名词，其复数形式为choices；choice也可作形容

15、词，译为“优质的、精选的”。【常见搭配】make a choice做出选择Choose to do sth.选择做某事【派生词】其动词形式为choose，译为“选择”。Eg: She had a hard timemaking a choicebetween the two options.她很难在两个选项中做出选择。The restaurant serves the finestchoiceof dishes.该餐馆提供最优质的食物。Shechose tostay at home.她选择待在家里。14.Seem (动词)看来、似乎、好像【常见搭配】seem +形容词似乎.Seem (to b

16、e) +表语看来、好像Seem to do sth.似乎做、好像做It seems that从句 似乎.Eg: The boysseemedhungry when I saw them.当我看到这些男孩时，他们似乎很饿。Jennyseems (to be)a very clever girl.珍妮看上去是一个非常聪明的女孩。Mrs. White doesntseem to likethe house. 怀特夫人似乎不太喜欢这个屋子。It seems thatno one has found out the reasons for the accident.似乎没有人知道事故发生的原因。15.S

17、omeone (代词)某人、有人【用法讲解】someone为不定代词，指代“某人”或“重要的人”。注意：1.常用于肯定句中，不能与of连用；2.作主语时谓语动词需用单数；3.形容词在修饰不定代词时需位于不定代词之后。Eg:Someoneis at the door.门口有人。There issomeone importantvisiting our school tomorrow.明天有重要的人参观我们学校。【知识拓展】其它不定代词词根-one (指人)-body (指人)-thing (指物)Some (肯定)Someone (某人)Somebody (某人)Something (某事，某物

18、)Any (否定/肯定)Anyone (任何人)Anybody (任何人)Anything (任何事)Every (肯定)Everyone (每个人)Everybody (每个人)Everything (每件事，一切)No (否定)No one (没有人)Nobody (没有人)Nothing (什么都没有)16.Neither (代词)两者都不（的）；两者中无一的【易混辨析】both, either和neither相同点：均用于两个人或物不同点：both指“两者都”常与and连用。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。either指“两者中的任意一个”，通常与or连用。作主语时，谓语动词通常用临近原则。

19、neither指“两者中没有一个（全否定）”通常与nor连用。做主语时，谓语动词通常用临近原则。Eg:BothLilyandLucy are from America.丽丽和露西都来自美国。Eitherteaorcoffee is OK.或者茶或者咖啡都可以。Neitherteanorcoffee is OK.茶和咖啡都不可以。17.Cheer (动词)（为.）欢呼、喝彩；（为.）加油【用法讲解】cheer也可作名词，译为“喝彩声、愉快”。【常见搭配】cheer (sb.) up使某人振作Cheer on为某人加油Eg: Her words of encouragementcheered hi

20、m upwhen he was feeling down.她的鼓励之词在他情绪低落时让他振作起来。The fanscheered ontheir favourite sports team during the game.球迷们在比赛中为自己喜爱的运动队加油。There was a feeling ofcheerin the air as people celebrated the holiday.人们庆祝节日时，空气中弥漫着愉快的氛围。18.Cross (动词)穿过、越过、跑过（终点线、小径等）【用法讲解】cross也作名词，译为“十字形记号”；cross也可作形容词，译为“生气的”。【派生

21、词】cross的介词形式为across，译为“穿过、越过”，常与动词walk/ run/ go等词连用。cross的名词形式为crossing，译为“十字路口”。【常见搭配】cross the street = walk/ go across the street过马路Cross the river 过河Eg: They arecrossingthe street.他们正在过马路。Shecrossed the riverby boat.她乘船过了河。Dont getcrosswith me, it wasnt my fault.不要对我生气，那不是我的错。【易混辨析】through、acros

22、s和over区别through常常表示在空间内进行的，强调从物体内部穿过；across常常表示动作在物体表面进行的，强调从一端到另一端；Over强调方向性，不与物体表面接触，还有数量上“超过”的意思。Eg: This train goesthroughto York.这列火车直达约克。Its too wide. We cant swimacross.这太宽了，我们游不过去。The car skidded off the road and rolledover and over.汽车滑出路面不断翻滚。19.Lifelong (形容词)终身的、毕生的【用法讲解】lifelong在句中常位于名词前作

23、定语。【常见搭配】lifelong friend终生的朋友Lifelong friendship终生的友谊Lifelong passion 终生的热情Eg: He has alifelong passionfor painting.他对绘画有着终生的热情。Theirlifelong friendshipis unbreakable.他们一辈子的友谊坚不可摧。20.Dream (名词)梦想、愿望、理想【用法讲解】dream还可作动词，译为“做梦”。【常见搭配】have a dream做梦Dream of doing sth.梦想做某事Dream that从句梦见.Eg: Its mydreamt

24、o travel around the world.我的梦想是环游世界。Ihad a dreamabout you last night.我昨晚梦见你了。Hedreamsa lot of strange things. 她梦想去欧洲旅行。Shedreams ofvisiting Paris.她梦想去巴黎。Idreamed thatI flew like a bird.我梦见自己像鸟一样飞翔。21.Past (副词)经过【用法讲解】past可作介词，译为“经过、迟于、远于、超出”；Eg: They wentpastthe bookstore.他们从书店经过。Dancing was kept up

25、 tillpasttwo.舞会一直开到两点以后。The hospital is about a milepastthe school.医院在离学校一英里以外的地方。It ispastmy ability.这是我力所不及的。Past也可作名词，译为“过去、昔日”；Eg: Thepastis past. Lets look ahead.过去的事已成过去，让我们向前看吧。Past也可作形容词，译为“过去的、前任的”。Eg: These things happened in thepastyears.这些事情发生在过去的年代里。He is thepastvice - president.他就是前任副总

26、裁。【派生词】past的动词形式为pass，译为“传递、经过”。【常见搭配】pass sth. to sb. = pass sb. sth.递给某人某物In the past在过去Eg: Pleasepassme the book. = Pleasepassthe book to me.请把那本书递给我。Ive been there many timesin the past.我从前去过那儿很多次。22.Record (名词)记录、记载【用法讲解】record也可作动词，译为“记录、录音”。【常见搭配】keep a record of .记录某事Break a record打破记录Set a record创造记录Hold a record保持记录Eg: Hebroke the world recordfor the longest jump.他打破了跳远的世界记录。Sheset a new national recordfor the 100-meter-race.她创造了一个100米比赛新的全国记录。We shouldrecordthe events of the past.我们应该记录过去的事件。6