初中英语人教版2025届中考常考易错题讲解（共44道）.doc

1、中考英语常考易错题1.宾语从句知识点讲解宾语从句在复合句中充当宾语，关键要素有引导词、语序与时态。引导词 that 常可省略，用于陈述事实；if/whether 表 “是否”；特殊疑问词引出特殊疑问性质的宾语从句。语序需为陈述句语序，即 “引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他”。时态遵循 “主现从随便，主过从必过” 原则，客观真理除外例如 “The scientist said that the earth revolves around the sun.”。易错题I wonder where does he live.解析没按陈述句语序，应改为 “I wonder where he live

2、s.”，学生易受疑问句语序干扰。配套练习Do you know what _ (is she doing/she is doing)?2.定语从句知识点讲解定语从句修饰先行词，关系代词有 that、which、who、whom、whose，关系副词有 when、where、why。先行词为人且在从句作主语、宾语用 who/that；先行词为物，用 which/that；whose 表所属关系。关系副词对应时间、地点、原因先行词如 “The city where I was born is very beautiful.” 。易错题This is the pen who I lost yeste

3、rday.解析先行词 pen 是物，不能用 who，应换为 which/that，注意先行词与引导词的适配。配套练习The man _ (that/which) helped me is my teacher.3.被动语态知识点讲解被动语态突出动作承受者，结构是 “be + 过去分词”，be 随不同时态、人称变化。一般现在时为 “am/is/are + 过去分词”；一般过去时是 “was/were + 过去分词”；含情态动词的被动语态是 “情态动词 + be + 过去分词”例如 “These trees should be watered regularly.”易错题The cake made

4、 by my mom yesterday.解析句子缺 be 动词，应是 “The cake was made by my mom yesterday.”，遗漏 be 是常见失误。配套练习The letter _ (write) by him last week.4.现在完成时知识点讲解此时态着重过去动作对当下的影响、结果，或过去动作持续至今，结构 “have/has + 过去分词”，常搭配 already、yet、just 等时间副词，瞬间动词与延续性动词转换要牢记，像 borrow 变 keep 。易错题He has borrowed the book for two weeks.解析bor

5、row 是瞬间动词，不能接时间段，应改为 “He has kept the book for two weeks.”配套练习I _ (have) this bike since I was ten years old.5.过去进行时知识点讲解过去进行时描述过去某一时刻或时段正在进行的动作，结构 “was/were + 现在分词”，常与 when、while 联用，when 后可接瞬间或延续动作，while 后接延续动作，如 “While I was cooking, the phone rang.”易错题They was playing football when it started to

6、rain.解析主语 they，be 动词要用 were，即 “They were playing football when it started to rain.”，主谓搭配需精准。配套练习I _ (read) a book when my sister came in.6.一般将来时知识点讲解常见表达形式有 “will + 动词原形”，表临时决定、预测；“be going to + 动词原形” 侧重计划、打算，二者有细微语义差别.例如 “I will go shopping if I have time.”“Im going to study abroad next year.”易错题Sh

7、e will going to the party tonight.解析语法结构错误，will 后接动词原形，应是 “She will go to the party tonight.”配套练习Look at the clouds.It _ (will rain/is going to rain).7.情态动词知识点讲解情态动词如 can、could、may、might、must 等，后接动词原形，用来表达能力、许可、请求、推测等语义。must 用于肯定句表推测，否定推测用 cant，例如 “He must be at home because his car is in the drivew

8、ay.”易错题You must to wear a seatbelt in the car.解析must 后直接接动词原形，去掉 to，“You must wear a seatbelt in the car.”配套练习The light is on.He _ (may/must) be at home.8.动词不定式知识点讲解动词不定式由 “to + 动词原形” 构成，可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分，在使役动词 make、let、have 后，不定式的 to 可省略，例如 “Let me help you.”易错题The boss let the workers to work o

9、vertime.解析let 后不定式不带 to，改为 “The boss let the workers work overtime.”配套练习My parents want me _ (study) harder.9.动名词知识点讲解动名词是动词 + ing 形式，具备名词属性，可作主语、宾语、表语等，常用于特定搭配，如 enjoy doing sth.、finish doing sth.，例如 “I enjoy listening to music.”易错题He finished to write the report last night.解析finish 后接动名词，应是 “He fi

10、nished writing the report last night.”配套练习She likes _ (dance) very much.10.分词知识点讲解分词分现在分词（-ing 形式）和过去分词（-ed 形式，部分有不规则变化），现在分词表主动、进行，过去分词表被动、完成，常用于分词短语作定语、状语，比如 “The boy standing there is my brother.”易错题The book write by him is very popular.解析book 与 write 是被动关系，要用过去分词 written，“The book written by him

11、 is very popular.”配套练习_ (See) from the mountain, the scenery is breathtaking.11.相似单词辨析知识点讲解except与expect：except 意为 “除 之外（不包括）”，expect 是 “期待，盼望” ，例如 “Everyone is here except Tom.”“I expect to see you soon.”beside与besides：beside 指 “在 旁边”，是方位介词，besides 表示 “除 之外（还有）”，如 “He sat beside her.”“Besides Engli

12、sh, I also like math.”易错题I have nothing except for expecting your reply.解析两个词混淆，应是 “I have nothing except to expect your reply.”，没分清语义差别。配套练习_ (Except/Besides) math, what other subjects do you like?12.单词拼写与变形知识点讲解单词变形涉及名词复数、动词时态、形容词副词转换等，不规则变化需重点记忆，像 foot - feet，go - went - gone，happy - happily。易错题H

13、e teached us English last year.解析teach 过去式是 taught，应改为 “He taught us English last year.”配套练习The _ (child) are playing games in the yard.13.一词多义知识点讲解不少单词有多个含义，例如 “run”，有 “跑”“经营”“流淌” 等义，需依据语境判断，如 “He runs a big company.”“The river runs fast.”易错题My father will post a job in the company.解析此处 post 理解错误，应

14、是 “hold”，句子改为 “My father will hold a job in the company.”，没掌握一词多义致错。配套练习Can you _ (post/hold) this position in the team?14.形容词比较级与最高级知识点讲解单音节词一般加 -er/-est 变比较级、最高级；多音节词前加 more/most，还有特殊变化，比较级搭配 than，最高级前加 the 及范围短语，如 “He is the tallest boy in the class.”易错题This book is more better than that one.解析be

15、tter 已是比较级，more 多余，应删去。配套练习She is one of the _ (clever) students in the grade.15.名词可数与不可数知识点讲解名词分可数、不可数，可数有单复数形式，可加 a/an、数词；不可数名词常用 some、much 修饰，无复数形式，例如 “water”“information” 是不可数。易错题I have a good news to tell you.解析news 是不可数名词，去掉 a，“I have good news to tell you.”配套练习There is some _ (paper/papers) o

16、n the desk.16.look forward to知识点讲解to 是介词，后接动名词，表 “期待做某事”，是高频易错点，例如 “Im looking forward to meeting you.”易错题I look forward to see you next week.解析see 应改为 seeing，遵循搭配规则。配套练习We are looking forward to _ (visit) the new museum.17.be used to知识点讲解be used to doing sth.是 “习惯于做某事”；used to do sth.是 “过去常常做某事”，语义

17、与结构不同，如 “He is used to living in the city.”“He used to smoke.”易错题She used to living alone.解析混淆二者，应改为 “She is used to living alone.”配套练习He _ (used to/ is used to) get up early, but now he sleeps in.18.pay attention to知识点讲解to 是介词，后接动名词，意为 “注意做某事”，例如 “Pay attention to spelling these words correctly.”易错

18、题Please pay attention to write neatly.解析write 改成 writing，牢记介词后动词形式。配套练习You should pay attention to _ (listen) to the teacher in class.19.make sb.do sth.知识点讲解make 作使役动词，让某人做某事时，后接不带 to 的不定式，如 “The teacher made me clean the classroom.”易错题My mother made me to clean my room.解析去掉 to，“My mother made me cl

19、ean my room.”配套练习The coach made the players _ (run) laps.20.help sb.(to) do sth.知识点讲解help 后接不定式，to 可省略，协助某人做某事，例如 “He helped me (to) carry the box.”易错题She helped me carried the books.解析carried 改为 carry 或 carry to，遵循语法。配套练习Can you help me _ (fix) my bike?21.prefer.to.知识点讲解prefer A to B，A、B 形式需一致，若是动词

20、都用动名词，表 “比起 B 更喜欢 A”，如 “I prefer reading to writing.”易错题I prefer to read than write.解析改为 “I prefer reading to writing.”，规范搭配。配套练习I prefer watching movies _ (to/than) reading books.22.keep (on) doing sth.知识点讲解表示 “继续 / 持续做某事”，强调动作不间断或反复进行，例如 “He keeps (on) practicing the piano.”易错题He keeps to talk in

21、class.解析to talk 改为 talking，契合搭配。配套练习She keeps _ (study) hard for the exam.23.spend.(in) doing sth./on sth.知识点讲解花时间 / 金钱做某事，in 可省略，后接动名词；on 后接名词，如 “I spent two hours (in) reading this book.”易错题I spent three hours to clean my room.解析to clean 改为 cleaning，符合 spend 用法。配套练习He spent a lot of money _ (buy)

22、a new bike.24.日常问候与回应知识点讲解日常问候回复要礼貌规范，“How are you?” 对应 “Im fine, thank you.And you?”，维持交流礼貌氛围。易错题A: How are you? B: Just so so, you know.解析回应稍显随意，换为标准回答更合适，保证交流礼仪。配套练习A: Nice to meet you.B: _25.请求许可知识点讲解用 “Could you please.?” 礼貌请求，回应有肯定、委婉拒绝模式，肯定用 “Sure, Id be glad to.”，拒绝用 “Im sorry, but.”易错题A: Co

23、uld you please pass the salt? B: Yes, I could.解析回应生硬，改为恰当表达，契合语境。配套练习A: Could you lend me your book? B: _26.提建议易错题A: Im bored.B: What about go to the park?解析go 改为 going，遵循语法。配套练习A: I dont know what to do this weekend.B: _ (用 Why not 提建议)知识点讲解“How about.?”“What about.?” 接名词、动名词；“Why not.?” 接动词原形提建议，如

24、 “How about going for a walk?”“Why not have a party?”27.表达喜好知识点讲解用特定句型表喜好，如 “I like.best”“My favorite.is.”，例如 “My favorite color is blue.”易错题My most favorite subject is English.解析favorite 已有 “最” 意，删去 most。配套练习_ (What/Which) is your favorite sport?28.致歉与回应知识点讲解“Im sorry.” 回应常用 “Its okay/Thats all rig

25、ht.” 表示没关系，体现礼貌态度。易错题A: Im sorry for being late.B: No problem.解析回应稍随意，换更合适表达，凸显礼貌。配套练习A: Im sorry I broke your pen.B: _29.句子结构不完整知识点讲解完整句子需有主谓结构，缺之则表意不明，写作时常因疏忽遗漏，例如 “Running in the park.” 不是完整句，需补充主语。易错题Go to school very early.解析缺主语，补上 “I” 等主语，变为 “I go to school very early.”配套练习_ (Go/Going) to scho

26、ol on time is important.30.词性误用知识点讲解形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词、形容词等，要区分使用，如 “quick”（形）修饰 “run”（动）要变 “quickly”。易错题He runs very quick.解析quick 应改为 quickly，遵循修饰规则。配套练习The singer sings _ (beautiful/beautifully).31.人称代词与物主代词混淆知识点讲解人称代词主格作主语，宾格作宾语，物主代词分形容、名词性，各有其用途，例如 “I” 主格，“me” 宾格，“my” 形容性，“mine” 名词性。易错题This is my b

27、ook.Its me.解析me 应是 mine，正确表意。配套练习_ (My/Mine) bag is heavier than yours.32.单词大小写错误知识点讲解在英语书写规范里，句子的首字母必须大写，专有名词也要大写首字母，这包含人名、地名、组织机构名、星期、月份、节日、书籍报刊名、影视歌名等。标题写作时，实词首字母大写，虚词（冠词、介词、连词）通常小写，但位于句首的虚词要大写 。易错题my favorite book is harry potter.解析“Harry Potter” 是专有名词，需将首字母大写，应改为 “My favorite book is Harry Pott

28、er.”。再比如写标题 “the adventures of tom sawyer”，应规范写成 “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer”，遵循标题大小写规则。配套练习correct the capitalization mistakes: i went to beijing last month and visited the great wall.33.中式英语表达知识点讲解受汉语思维习惯影响，学生容易写出逐字翻译的中式英语句子。英语有自身的语法规则与表达习惯，像 “我非常喜欢它”，不能直译为 “I very like it”，而应是 “I like it very m

29、uch” 。易错题I every day go to school by bike.解析应调整语序为 “I go to school by bike every day.”，要遵循英语中时间状语通常放在句末的习惯，摆脱汉语语序的干扰。配套练习He _ (usually is/is usually) late for class.34.时态混乱知识点讲解写作要依据事件发生的时间脉络选用合适时态，一旦混淆，句子语义就会含糊不清。比如描述过去发生的事要用一般过去时，阐述习惯、真理要用一般现在时 。易错题She tell me a story yesterday.解析yesterday 表明是过去时态

30、，tell 要变为过去式 told，即 “She told me a story yesterday.”配套练习I _ (write) a letter to my friend last night.35.主谓一致错误知识点讲解主语的单复数形式必须和谓语动词形式相匹配。复数主语搭配复数谓语动词，单数主语搭配单数谓语动词；特殊结构，如 “with”“along with” 连接的并列主语，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致 。易错题The boy with his friends play basketball every day.解析主语核心是 the boy，为单数，play 应改为 plays

31、，即 “The boy with his friends plays basketball every day.”配套练习My mother, together with my sisters, _ (go) shopping on weekends.36.重复累赘知识点讲解英语追求简洁性，写作中避免使用多余、重复的词汇或表达。例如 “return back” 中，return 本身就有 “回来” 意思，back 就多余了 。易错题Please repeat it again.解析repeat 已有 “重复” 之意，again 多余，应删去，改为 “Please repeat it.”配套练习

32、You can connect together these two parts.（找出并改正重复累赘处）37.比较级和最高级误用知识点讲解比较级用于两者之间对比，常搭配 than；最高级用于三者及以上的比较，前面要加 the。学生容易在比较对象数量不明时，选错形式 。易错题This is the more interesting book in the store.解析in the store 表示范围不止两本书，要用最高级，改为 “This is the most interesting book in the store.”配套练习Of the two apples, this one

33、is _ (big).38.非谓语动词混淆知识点讲解动词不定式、动名词、分词都属于非谓语动词，功能各异。不定式常表目的、将来；动名词侧重名词性的动作；现在分词表主动、进行，过去分词表被动、完成，使用场景需分清 。易错题To see is believing.解析前后形式不一致，应统一为动名词，改为 “Seeing is believing.”配套练习_ (Study) hard, you will pass the exam.39.冠词误用知识点讲解冠词分为不定冠词 a/an 和定冠词 the。a/an 用于泛指单个可数事物，a 用在辅音音素开头单词前，an 用于元音音素开头单词前；the 用

34、于特指，或独一无二的事物、上文提到过的事物 。易错题I have an apple.Apple is red.解析第二次提到 apple，是特指前面提到的那个，要用 the，改为 “I have an apple.The apple is red.”配套练习I saw _ (a/the) boy in the park.The boy was flying a kite.40.连接词误用知识点讲解连接词用来衔接句子、段落，使文章逻辑连贯。and 表并列、顺承；but 表转折；because 表因果等，用错会导致语义不通 。易错题I like reading books, because I d

35、ont like watching TV.解析前后语义是转折关系，because 应改为 but，即 “I like reading books, but I dont like watching TV.”配套练习He is very tired, _ (and/but) he still keeps working.41.数字听辨知识点讲解听力中数字信息繁多，像日期、时间、价格、电话号码等。要注意十几（-teen）和几十（-ty）的发音区别，以及分数、小数的表达。例如，thirteen 和 thirty 发音相近，容易混淆；分数中分子用基数词，分母用序数词，若分子大于 1，分母要加 s 。易

36、错题听力原文说 “The meeting will start at 3:15.”，学生误听成 “The meeting will start at 3:50.”解析“fifteen” 尾音是 /fftin/ ，“fifty” 尾音是 /ffti/，学生可能没仔细区分发音细节。多听多练，熟悉常见数字的读音韵律，可减少这类错误。配套练习听一段对话，回答问题：Whats the price of the shirt? A.$19.B.$90.42.同音异形词知识点讲解英语里有不少同音异形词，如 write 和 right，hear 和 here。在听力语境里，仅靠读音无法精准判断词义，要结合上下文

37、来确定 。易错题听力中提到 “I will write to you soon.”，学生写成了 “I will right to you soon.”解析right 作动词意为 “纠正；使恢复正常”，不符合语境，write 才是 “写信” 的意思。平时积累同音异形词，留意其常见搭配与用法，听时联系前后文推测。配套练习听句子，选出你听到的单词：A.son B.sun 。句子为：The _ shines brightly today.43.弱读与连读知识点讲解英语口语中，为了语流顺畅，会有弱读、连读现象。弱读的词发音轻、短，像冠词、介词、连词；连读则是前一个词尾音与后一个词首音自然衔接，这都会增加

38、听力理解难度 。易错题听力原文说 “put it on”，学生听成了 “put ton”，没识别出连读。解析it 的 /t/ 音和 on 的 /n / 音连读，听起来像是 /pt tn/，熟悉常见连读规则，多听原声材料适应，才能破解难题。配套练习听短语，判断是否有连读现象：A.pick up B.come in44.关键词遗漏知识点讲解听力内容紧凑，稍不留意就会遗漏关键信息词，如否定词 not，转折词 but，这些词能彻底改变句子意思 。易错题听力原文说 “He is not happy with the result.”，学生只听到 “He is happy with the result.”解析遗漏 not，语义全反。要训练专注力，养成边听边标记关键词的习惯，尤其是那些改变语义走向的词。配套练习听一段短文，判断句子正误：The man likes the new plan.（原文中有明确提到男人不喜欢新计划）8