2019 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题(第 3 套).doc

1、 2019 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题(第 3 套) Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of having a sense of community responsibility. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. _ _ _ _ _ _ Part II ListeningComprehension

2、 (30 minutes) 说明：由于 2019 年 12 月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前两套内容相同，只 是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank

3、following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than

4、once. The number of devices yo u can talk to is multiplyingfirst it was your p ho ne, the n yo ur car, and now yo u can tell yo ur kitc he n appliances what to do. But even without gad ge ts that understand o ur spoken co mma nds, research suggests that, as bizarre as it sounds, under certain 26 , p

5、eople regularly ascribe human traits to everyday objects. So meti mes we see things as huma n because we are 27 . In o ne experiment, people who reported feeling isolated were more likely tha n others to attribute 28 to various gadgets. In turn, feeling close to objects can 29 loneliness. When colle

6、ge students were reminded of a time they had been 30 in a social setting, the y compensated by exaggerating their number of friendsunless the y were first given tas ks that caused the m to interact with their phone as if it had huma n qualities. According to the researchers, the participants phones

7、31 substituted for real friends. At other ti mes, we personify products in an effort to understand the m. One study found that three in fo ur respondents yelled at their computer. Further, the more their co mp uter gave them problems, the more likely the respondents were to report that it had its ow

8、n “beliefs and 32 .” So how do people assign traits to an object? In part, we rely on looks. On humans, wide faces are 2019-12-CET6(第 3 套)-1 A.alleviate I. desires B. apparently J. excluded C. arrogant K. feature D.associated L. lonely E. circumstances M. separate F. competitive N. spectacularly G.c

9、onceded O. warrant H.consciousness Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph m

10、ore than once. Each paragraph is marked with a lett er. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Why More Farme rs are Switching to Grass-Fed Meat and Dairy A) Though he didnt come from a far mi ng fa mil y, from a young age Tim Joseph was fascinated by the idea of

11、living off t he land. Reading ma gazi nes like The Stoc kma n Grass Far mer and Graze, he go t hooked on the idea of grass-fed agriculture. T he idea that all energy and wealth co mes from the sun really intrigued hi m He thought the shorter the distance between the sun and the end product, the high

12、er the profit to the farmer. B) Joseph wanted to put this theory to the test. In 2009, he and his wife La ura launched Maple Hill Creamer y, an or ga nic, all grass-fed yogurt company in northern New Yor k. He quickl y learned wha t the mar ket has demonstrated: De ma nd for grass-fed products curre

13、 ntl y exceeds suppl y. Grass-fed beef is enjoying a 25-30% annual growth rate. Sales of grass-fed yogur t and ke fir on the other ha nd, have in the last year increased by over 38%. This is in comparison w ith a drop of just under 1% in the total yogurt and ke fir mar ket according to natural and o

14、rganic marke t research company SPINS. Josephs top priority beca me ge tti ng his hands on enough grass-fed milk to keep customers satisfied, since his own 64-cow herd wasnt going to suffice. C) His first partnership was with Pa ul and Phyllis Amb urgh, owners of the Dhar ma Lea farm in New Yor k. T

15、 he Amburghs, too, were tr ue believers in grass-fed. In addition to supplying milk from their own 85-head herd, the y began to help other far mers in the area convent from conventional to certified organic and grass-fed in order to enter the Maple Hill supply chai n. Since 2010, the couple has help

16、ed 125 s mall dairy far ms convert to grass-fed, with more tha n 80% of those far ms comi ng on board during the last two years. D) All this conversion has helped Maple Hill grow 40-50% every year since it began with no e nd in sight. Joseph has learned that a far mer has to have a certain mindset t

17、o successfully convert. But convincing ope n- mi nded dairy people is actually not that hard, whe n yo u look at the economics. Grass-fed milk can fetch up to 2.5 ti mes the price of conventional milk. Another factor is the squeeze that conventional dairy far mers have felt as the price of grain the

18、 y feed their cows has go ne up, tightening their profit margi ns. By replacing expensive grain feed with regenerative ma na ge me nt 2019-12-CET6(第 3 套)-2 practices, grass-fed farmers are insulated from jumps in the price of feed. These practices include grazing ani mals on grasses grown from the p

19、asturelands natural seed bunk, a nd fertilized by the cowsown fertilizer. E) Champions of this type of regenerative grazing also point to its ani mal welfare, climate a nd health benefits: Grass-fed ani mals live longer out of co nfi ne me nt. Grazing herds sti mulate microbial (微生 物的) activity in t

20、he soil, helping to capture water and separate carbon. And grass-fed dairy a nd mea t have been shown to be higher in certain nutrients and healthy fats. F) In the grass fed system, far mers are also no t subject to the wildly fluctuating mil k prices of the international commodity mar ket. T he unp

21、redictability of global dema nd a nd the lag-ti me it takes to add more cows to a herd to meet de ma nd can result in events like the recent cheese surplus. Going grass-fed is a safe refuge, a way for family-scale far ms to stay viable. Us ually a far mer will get to the point where fi na ncially, w

22、hat theyre doing is no t working. Thats whe n the y call Maple Hill. If the far m is well mana ged and has enough land, and the desire to convert is sincere, a relationship can begin. Through regular regional educational meetings, a large annual meeting, individual far m visits and thousands of pho

23、ne calls, the Amb ur ghs pass on the principles of pasture ma na ge me nt. Maple Hill signs a contract pledging to buy the far mers milk at a guaranteed base price, plus quality premiums and incentives for higher protein, butter fat and other solids. G) While Maple Hills conversion program is unusua

24、lly ha nds on a nd comprehensive, its just o ne of a growing number of businesses co mmi tted to slowly c hangi ng the way America far ms. Joseph calls sharing his knowledge network through peer-to-peer learning a core piece of the companys culture. Last summer, Massachusetts grass-fed beef advocate

25、 John Smith launched Big Picture Beef, a network of s mall grass-fed beef far ms in New England a nd New Yor k tha t is projected to bring to mar ket 2,500 head of cattle from 125 producers this year. Early indications are that Smith will have no s horta ge of far m members. Since he began to i nfor

26、 mally announce the network at far mi ng conferences and on social media, hes received a steady stream of inquiries from interested farmers. H) Smith says hell provide services ranging from for mal se minars to on-farm workshops on holistic ma na ge me nt, to one-on-one hand-holding a nd an al most

27、24/7 p ho ne hotline for far mers who are converting. In exchange, he guarantees an above - mar ket price for each ani mal a nd a calf-to-customer electronic ear tag ID system like that used in the European Union. I) Though advocates portray grass fed products as a win-win situation for all, the y d

28、o have downsides. Price, for one, is an issue. Joseph says his products are priced 10-20% above organic versions, but depending on the product chosen, compared to non-organic conventional yogurt, co ns umers could pay a premi um of 30-50% or more for grass-fed. As for the meat, Smi th sa ys his gras

29、s-fed hamburger will be priced 20-25% over the conventional alternative. But a look at the prices on online grocer Fresh Direct suggests a grass-fed premium of anywhere from 35-60%. J) And not every far mer has the option of goi ng grass-fed. For both beef a nd dairy production it requires, at least

30、 in the be gi nning, more pastureland. Grass-fed beef production tends to be more labor-intensive as well. But Smi th counters that if yo u factor in the hidden cost of gover nme nt corn subsidies, environment degradation, and decreased huma n health a nd ani mal welfare, grass-fed is the more cost-

31、effective model. “The sun provides the lowest cost of production and the cheapest mea t,” he says. 2019-12-CET6(第 3 套)-3 Cranberry Bar-Collins and Forrest found theyd exhausted their sources for bison raised exclusively on pasture. When the y started researching the supply chain, the y learned tha t

32、 o nly 2-3% of all bison is actually grass-fed. The rest is feed-lot confined and fed grain and corn. L) But after General Mills bought EPIC in 2016, Collins and Forrest suddenly had the resources the y needed to e xpa nd their supply chai n. So the co mpa ny tea med up with Wisconsin-based rancher

33、Northstar Bison. EPIC fronted the mone y for the purchase of $2.5 million worth of young bison tha t will be raised according to its grass-fed protocols, with a guaranteed purchase price. The message to young people who mi ght no t otherwise be able to afford to break into the business is, “You can

34、purchase this $3 million piece of land here, because Im guaranteeing yo u today yo ull have 1,000 bison on it. Were bringing new blood into the old, conventional far mi ng ecosystem, w hich is really cool to see,” Collins explains. 36. Farmers going grass-fed are not affected by the ever-changing mi

35、lk prices of the global market. 37. Over the years, Tim Josephs partners have helped many dairy farmers to switch to grass-fed. 38. One advocate believes that many other benefits s hould be taken into consideration whe n we assess the cost-effectiveness of grass-fed farming. 39. Many dairy farmers w

36、ere persuaded to switch to grass-fed when the y saw its advantage in ter ms of profits. 40. Tim Josephs grass-fed program is only one example of how American farming practice is changing. 41. Tim Joseph was fascinated by the notion that sunlight brings energy and wealth to mankind. 42. One problem w

37、ith grass-fed products is that they are usually more expensive than conventional ones. 43. Grass fed products have proved to be healthier and more nutritious. 44. When Tim Joseph started his business, he found grass-fed products fell short of demand. 45. A snack bar producer discovered that the supp

38、ly of purely grass-fed bison met was scarce. Section C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspond

39、ing letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage. Schools are not just a microcosm of society: the y mediate it too. The best seek to alleviate the external pressures on their pupils while equipping the m better to

40、understand and handle the world outsideat once sheltering the m and broadening their horizons. This is ambitious in any circumstances and in a divided and unequal society the two ideals can clash outright. Trips that many adults would consider the adventure of a lifeti metreks in Borneo, a sports to

41、 ur to Barbadosappear to have become al most routine at so me state schools. Parents are being asked for thousands of pounds. Though schools cannot profit from these trips, the co mpa nies that arrange the m do. Meanwhile, pupils arrive at school hungry because their families cant afford breakfast.

42、T he Child Poverty Action Group sa ys nine out of 30 in every classroom fall below the poverty line. T he discrepancy is startlingly apparent. Introducing a fundraising requirement for students does no t help, as better -off children can tap up richer aunts and neighbors. Probing the rock pools of a

43、 local beach or practicing French on a language excha nge can fire 2019-12-CET6(第 3 套)-4 childrens passions, boost their skills and open their eyes to lifes possibilities. Educational outings help bright but disadvantaged s tude nts to get better scores in A-level tests. In this globalised age, ther

44、e is a good case for international travel and so me parents say the y can ma na ge the cost of a school trip abroad more easily tha n a fa mily holiday. Even in the face of i mme nse and mounting financial pressures some schools have shown re mar kable determination and ingenuity in ensuring tha t a

45、ll their pupils are able to take up opportunities tha t may be trul y life-changing. They should be applauded. Methods suc h as whole-school fundraising, with the proceeds pooled, can help to e xte nd opportunities and fuel community spirit. But 3,000 trips cannot be justified whe n the average i nc

46、ome for families with children is just over 30,000. Suc h initiatives close doors for many pupils. Some parents p ull their children out of school because of expensive field trips. Even parents who can see tha t a trip is little more tha n a party or celebration may well feel guilt that their child

47、is left behind. The Department for Educations guidance sa ys schools can charge o nly for board and lodging if the trip is part of the syllabus, and tha t students receiving government aid are exe mpt from these costs. However, ma ny schools seem to ignore the advice; and it does no t cover the ki n

48、d of gla moro us, exotic trips, which are becoming increasingly common. Schools cannot be expected to bring together communities single-handed. But the least we s hould expect is that the y do not foster divisions and exclude those who are already disadvantaged. 46. What does the author say best schools should do? A. Prepare students to both