北京卷2024年北京高考英语试题及答案.doc

1、2024年北京高考英语试题及答案第一部分  知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节 (共10小题;每小题 1. 5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Id just arrived at school, ready for another school day. I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an _1_. “Today at 1: 10 there will be auditions (面试) for a musical.” My friends all

2、 jumped up in excitement and asked me, “Will you be going, Amy?” “Sure,” I said. I had no _2_ in drama, but Id try out because my friends were doing it. At 1:10, there was a _3_ outside the drama room. Everyone looked energetic. I hadnt expected Id be standing there that morning. But now that I was

3、doing it, I _4_ felt nervous. What if I wasnt any good? I entered the room and the teachers made me say some lines from the musical. They then _5_ my singing skills and asked what role I wanted to play. The teachers were smiling and praising me. I felt like I had a _6_, so I said, “A big role.” They

4、 said theyd look into it. I started getting really nervous. What if I didnt get a main role? Soon, the cast list was _7_. My friends checked and came back shouting, “Amy, you got the main role! ” Sure enough, my name was at the top. I just stared at it and started to _8_. I was so happy. After two m

5、onths we were all prepared and ready to go on stage. It was fun. And when people started _9_, that gave me a boost of confidence. It stayed with me and made me feel _10_. I realised that by trying something new, I can have fun even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone.1. A. assignmentB. initi

6、ativeC. announcementD. interview2. A. hesitancyB. interestC. worryD. regret3. A. gameB. showC. playD. line4. A. suddenlyB. continuouslyC. originallyD. generally5. A. advertisedB. testedC. challengedD. polished6. A. demandB. creditC. dreamD. chance7. A. tradedB. postedC. questionedD. claimed8. A. wel

7、l upB. roll inC. stand outD. go off9. A. whisperingB. arguingC. clappingD. stretching10. A. funnierB. fairerC. clevererD. braver第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time _11_ (r

8、est) allows us to develop a deeper sense of _12_ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and _13_ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear _14_

9、(boundary) in our personal and professional life.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood _15_ (name) the worlds oldest living man. And when _16_ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, _17_ doesnt smoke an

10、d rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, youre going to suffer eventually,” he said.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an

11、armful of books. I thought _18_ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, _19_ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I _20_ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me

12、and said, “Thanks!”第二部分  阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting not

13、ing the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective. Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each. Requirements for completion: One welcoming s

14、ession on the second Friday of the term18 weekly one-hour pair meetingsWeekly progress reports for all pair meetingsAt least three pair-teacher meetingsOne five-minute final videoSign up! The sign-up and registration process is as follows: Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share a

15、nd languages they are interested in learning. Based on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified. Proficiency (熟练) levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests. Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually wit

16、h a special permission number to register for the programme.Reminders: Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels. Since there are many factors involved in the pairing p

17、rocess, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme.21. In the programme, students will _.A. chair daily meetingsB. evaluate the exchangeC. meet teachers each weekD. practise their language skills22. To complete the programme, students are re

18、quired to _.A. development testsB. participate in pair meetingsC. welcome new studentsD. work on weekly videos23. What do students need to do during the registration?A. Indicate their languages of interest.B. Select their own coursework.C. Make individual contact.D. Choose their partners.BWhen I was

19、 a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns.

20、In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. Id been over-confident. Now Id been declared talentless. But o

21、ther channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldnt let mys

22、elf have a go at actually doing it. Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasnt allowed to practice.     One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached

23、me, handed me a bag of paints, and told me to start painting. The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something Id lost. Accordingly, I started by experimenting with water colours. Finally, I bought some oil paints.Although I have enjoyed breaking my

24、 decades-long taboo about working with oil paints, I have discovered I now prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn into cartoons I send to friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-anxious. This time around, I can accept my limitations but keep going. Becoming a successful painter calls for

25、 being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments.24. How did the author feel about the result of the art exam?A. Scared.B. Worried.C. Discouraged.D. Wronged.25. In her 30s, t

26、he author _.A. avoided oil painting practiceB. sought for a painting careerC. fancied abstract paintingD. exhibited child paintings26. Which word would best describe the authors dream?A. Confusing.B. Empowering.C. Disturbing.D. Entertaining.27. What can we learn from this passage?A. Actions speak lo

27、uder than words.B. Hard work is the mother of success.C. Dreams are the reflections of realities.D. Creative activities involve being confident.CThe notion that we live in someone elses video game is irresistible to many. Searching the term “simulation hypothesis” (模拟假说) returns numerous results tha

28、t debate whether the universe is a computer simulation a concept that some scientists actually take seriously. Unfortunately, this is not a scientific question. We will probably never know whether its true. We can, instead, use this idea to advance scientific knowledge.The 18th-century philosopher K

29、ant argued that the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable. While he held the notion that objective reality exists, he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions. Modern sciences have revealed that our perceptual experience of th

30、e world is the result of many stages of processing by sensory systems and cognitive (认知的) functions in the brain. No one knows exactly what happens within this black box. If empirical (实证的) experience fails to reveal reality, reasoning wont reveal reality either since it relies on concepts and words

31、 that are contingent on our social, cultural and psychological histories. Again, a black box. So if we accept that the universe is unknowable, we also accept we will never know if we live in a computer simulation. And then, we can shift our inquiry from “Is the universe a computer simulation? ” to “

32、Can we model the universe as a computer simulation? ” Modelling reality is what we do. To facilitate our comprehension of the world, we build models based on conceptual metaphors (隐喻) that are familiar to us. In Newtons era, we imagined the universe as a clock. In Einsteins, we uncovered the standar

33、d model of particle (粒子) physics. Now that we are in the information age, we have new concepts such as the computer, information processing, virtual reality, and simulation. Unsurprisingly, these new concepts inspire us to build new models of the universe. Models are not the reality, however. There

34、is no point in arguing if the universe is a clock, a set of particles or an output of computation. All these models are tools to deal with the unknown and to make discoveries. And the more tools we have, the more effective and insightful we can become. It can be imagined that comparable to the proce

35、ss of building previous scientific models, developing the “computer simulation” metaphor-based model will also be a hugely rewarding exercise.28. What does the author intend to do by challenging a hypothesis?A. Make an assumption.B. Illustrate an argument.C. Give a suggestion.D. Justify a comparison

36、.29. What does the phrase “contingent on” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Accepted by.B. Determined by.C. Awakened by.D. Discovered by.30. As for Kants argument, the author is _.A. appreciativeB. doubtfulC. unconcernedD. disapproving31. It is implied in this passage that we should _.A. co

37、mpare the current models with the previous onesB. continue exploring the classical models in historyC. stop arguing whether the universe is a simulationD. turn simulations of the universe into realities up.DFranz Boass description of Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the probable mor

38、al code of early humans. Here, norms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understood and taken to heart. Dishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. Conflict was often re

39、solved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads to chaos, it was strongly discouraged. With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuits practical approach to morality made good sense. The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking, even though the rel

40、ative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social groups history and environment. Typically, cruelty and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised. These universal norms far pre-date the concept of any moralising religion or written law. Instead, they are root

41、ed in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving. Our social instincts (本能) include the intense desire to belong. The approval of others is rewarding, while their disapproval is strongly disliked. These social emotions prepare our brains to shape o

42、ur behaviour according to the norms and values of our family and our community. More generally, social instincts motivate us to learn how to behave in a socially complex world.The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to develop habits important for self-care. Our brains use

43、the system to acquire behavioural patterns regarding safe routes home, efficient food gathering and dangers to avoid. Good habits save time, energy and sometimes your life. Good social habits do something similar in a social context. We learn to tell the truth, even when lying is self-serving; we he

44、lp a grandparent even when it is inconvenient. We acquire what we call a sense of right and wrong.Social benefits are accompanied by social demands: we must get along, but not put up with too much. Hence self-discipline is advantageous. In humans, a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control, just a

45、s it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world. These abilities are strengthened by our capacity for language, which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways.32. What can be inferred about the forming of the Inuits moral code?A. Living conditions

46、 were the drive.B. Unwritten rules were the target.C. Social tradition was the basis.D. Honesty was the key.33. What can we learn from this passage?A. Inconveniences are the cause of telling lies.B. Basic human needs lead to universal norms.C. Language capacity is limited by self-control.D. Written

47、laws have great influence on virtues.34. Which would be the best title for this passage?A. Virtues: Bridges Across CulturesB. The Values of Self-disciplineC. Brains: Walls Against ChaosD. The Roots of Morality第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If you want to develop maxim

48、um credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things. Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. _35_ And they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figu