2024新人教版七年级上册《英语》 期末综合复习语法回顾&练习.docx

1、人教版七年级上册 期末综合复习语法回顾 & 语法练习【语法回顾】一、代词1. 人称代词和物主代词人称代词形容词性物主代词主格宾格单数我Ime我的my你youyou你的your他hehim他的his她sheher她的her它itit它的its复数我们weus我们的our你们youyou你们的your他们theythem他们的their1）人称代词（主格/宾格）的用法：a) 人称代词主格在句子中做主语成分，放在动词前面，如：She is a teacher. 她是一名老师。 、We are students. 我们是学生。 They come from China. 他们来自中国。b) 人称代词宾

2、格在句子中做宾语或表语成分，放在动词或介词后面，如： Can you help me? 你能帮帮我吗？2）物主代词（形容词性物主代词）的用法：形容词性物主代词用来修饰名词，放在名词前面，相当于形容词，不能单独使用，如：My grandpa goes fishing every weekend. 我爷爷每周末都会去钓鱼。 This is his watch. 这是他的手表。2. 指示代词1) 表单数，后跟可数名词单数：这个：this那个：that2) 表复数，后跟可数名词复数：这些：these那些：those二、名词1、 名词的分类分类定义说明示例普通名词可数名词个体名词（人或事物的个体名词）b

3、oy 男孩；girl 女孩；book 书；集体名词（一些人或事物的总称）people 人们；family 家人不可数名词物质名词water 水；meat 肉；paper纸抽象名词weather 天气专有名词人名、地名、国名Bill；Mandy; Shadow机构、组织、团体the WTO；月份、星期、节日May；Monday；Mothers Day2、 可数名词的单数变复数1) 一般情况下，在名词末尾加s，如：boo books；desk desks；boy boys2) 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词，加es，如：box boxes；watch watches3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的

4、名词，变y为i，再加es，如：country countries；baby babies4) 以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v，再加es，如：knife knives; wife wives5) 以o结尾的名词，有生命的加es，无生命的加s，如：tomato tomatoes; photo photos不规则变化：man men；woman women；child children； foot feet；tooth teeth； goose geese；mouse mice3、 名词所有格1） s所有格：在名词末尾加上s，表示“的”。以s/es结尾的复数名词，直接加，如：the girls

5、 father；the teachers office2） of所有格：of加名词，表示“的”（一般加无生命的名词），如：the door of the room 房间的门三、方位介词in 在里面on 在上面near 在附近under 在下面behind 在后across from 在对面next to 靠近between 在之间in front of 在前面at the back of 在后介词后面搭配名词时，名词前面一般需要加上定冠词the或形容词性物主代词，如：on the wall 在墙上near my school 我学校附近四、冠词不定冠词：a/an （a+辅音音素；an+元音音素

6、） 定冠词：the1、 不定冠词a/an的用法：1） 表示“一”的数量，相当于“one”，如：a pen；an apple2） 表示一类人或事物中的“一个”，但不强调数目概念，如：He is an English teacher.3） 表示泛指一类人或事物，如：An apple a day keeps doctor away.2、 定冠词the的用法：1） 特指说话人和听话人都清楚的人或事物，如：Read the book.2） 用于上文提到过的人或事物，如：Mr. Smith has a car. The car is blue3） 用于世界上独一无二的事物的名词前，如：the sun; t

7、he moon4） 用于复数姓氏前，表示一家人或夫妇，如：The Smiths go to the park every weekend.5） 用于序数词之前，如：the first building6） 固定搭配，如：the same；on the right/left；in the middle五、there be句型there be句型表示的是“某处有某物”，there是引导词，没有实际意义，be的动词的选用采取“就近原则”，即根据be动词后紧接的名词单复数决定be动词的单复数。如：There is a bed and two chairs in my bedroom. 我的卧室里有一张

8、床和两张椅子。There are two chairs and a bed in my bedroom. 我的卧室里有两张椅子和一张床。1、 there be句型单数形式肯 定 句：There is a student in the classroom. 教室里有一个学生。否 定 句：There isnt a student in the classroom. (be动词后加not)一般疑问句：Is there a student in the classroom? (be动词提到句首)肯定 回答：Yes, there is.否定 回答：No, there isnt.2、 there be句型

9、复数形式肯 定 句：There are some students in the classroom. 教室里有一些学生。否 定 句：There arent any students in the classroom. (be动词后加not, some变any)一般疑问句：Are there any students in the classroom? (be动词后加not, some变any)肯定 回答：Yes, there are.否定 回答：No, there arent.六、一般现在时1、 定义：一般现在时表示现在的状态，经常性、习惯性的动作，或者主语所具备的性格和能力，如：I do

10、my homework every afternoon. 我每天下午都会做作业。I like having bread for my breakfast. 我早餐喜欢吃面包。2、 实义动词的第三人称单数形式的构成：1） 一般情况下，在动词原形后面加s，如：work works；run runs；like -likes2） 以ch，sh，s，x，o结尾的动词，在动词原形后面加es，如：watch -watches；do does3） 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加es，如：fly flies；study - studies3、 第三人称单数包括：1) 人称代词he/she/it

11、，如：He is a student. 他是一个学生。2) 单个人名/地名，如：Mike likes history. 迈克喜欢历史。Beijing is a big city. 北京是个大城市。3) 可数名词的单数形式，如：This story is interesting. 这个故事很有趣。4) 不可数名词，如：Your information is useful. 你的信息很有用。4、 频率副词：often 经常 always 总是 usually 通常 sometimes 有时候 seldom 很少 hardly / hardly ever 几乎不 never 从不every day

12、每天e.g.：He often watches TV after dinner. 他总是在晚饭后看电视。5、 句型转换1）主语为第一人称单复数、第二人称单复数或第三人称复数肯 定 句：My parents watch TV every day. 我爸妈每天都看电视。否 定 句：My parents dont watch TV every day. (在动词前加上dont)一般疑问句：Do your parents watch TV every day? (在句首加助动词do，一二人称互换)肯定 回答：Yes, they do.否定 回答：No, they dont.2）主语为第三人称单数肯 定

13、 句：My brother likes eating apples. 我哥哥喜欢吃苹果。否 定 句：My brother doesnt like eating apples. (在动词前加doesnt，动词变回原形)一般疑问句：Does your brother like eating apples? (在句首加助动词does，动词变回原形)肯定 回答：Yes, he does.否定 回答：No, he doesnt.七、情态动词can情态动词can意为“能够”，后面加动词原形。情态动词没有人称和单复数变化。 如：I can dance. 我能跳舞。She can play the piano

14、. 她会弹钢琴。情态动词的句型结构：1) 肯定句：I can dance. / She can play the piano.2) 否定句：I cant dance. / She cant play the piano. (can后面加not，可缩写为cant)3) 一般疑问句：Can you dance? / Can she play the piano? (can提到句首，一二人称互转)4) 肯定 回答：Yes, I can. / Yes, she can.5) 否定 回答：No, I cant. / No, she cant.八、特殊疑问句1. 提问原因：why 为什么（回答：becau

15、se 因为）e.g.: - Why do you like English? 你为什么喜欢英语？- Because its interesting. 因为英语很有趣。2. 提问时间：when 什么时候 / what time 什么时候/几点（具体时刻）e.g.: - When do you usually do exercise? 你通常什么时候锻炼？- In the morning. 早上。- What time do you usually get up? 你通常几点起床？- At 6:30. 六点半。3. 提问数量：how many (可数名词复数) / how much (不可数名词)

16、e.g.: - How many boys are in your class? 你们班有多少男生？- There are 30. 三十个。- How much milk do you want? 你想要多少牛奶？- A small cup. 一小杯。4. 提问位置：where 在哪里e.g.: - Where is Peter? 彼得在哪里？- He is in the classroom. 在教室。5. 提问方式：how 怎么样e.g.: - How do you go to school? 你怎么去上学？- I walk to school. 我走路去学校。6. 提问“表事物的名词”/“

17、动作”：what 什么e.g.: - What club do you want to join? 你想加入什么俱乐部？- I want to join the sport club. 我想加入运动俱乐部。7. 提问拥有者：whose 谁的e.g.: - Whose pen is this? 这是谁的笔？- Its Lucys. 是露西的。8. 提问人：who 谁e.g.: - Who is the man over there? 那边那个人是谁？- Its Mr. Gao. 是高老师。9. 提问年龄：how old 多大e.g.: - How old are you? 你多大了？- Im t

18、welve years old. 十二岁。10. 提问价格：how much 多少钱e.g.: - How much is this book? 这本书多少钱？- Its 15 yuan. 十五元。11. 提问颜色：what color 什么颜色e.g.: - What color is your new dress? 你的新裙子是什么颜色？- Its white. 白色。12. 提问看法：What do/does + 主语 + think of + .?e.g.: - What does Mike think of his new school? 迈克觉得新学校怎么样？- He thinks

19、 its beautiful. 他觉得很漂亮。【语法练习】一、单项选择1. My sister Amy wants to play _ guitar for the New Years party.A. aB. theC. /D. an2. We often go back home _ Friday and come back to school two days later.A. inB. onC. atD. of3. - Do you like your new English teacher Miss Gao? - Yes, I do. I think _ is excellent.A

20、. sheB. herC. heD. him 4. - Excuse me. Is there a cinema near here?- _. But you can find one on Nanjing Street.A. Yes, there is.B. No, there isnt.C. Yes, they are.D. No, they arent.5. One of my classmates _ from America. He cant speak Chinese very well.A. beB. amC. isD. are6. There _ a teacher and f

21、orty-five students in the classroom now.A. beB. amC. isD. are7. Bill cant speak Chinese, _ he wants to learn how to speak it.A. butB. orC. soD. because 8. I wan to _ the sport club because I like playing basketball very much.A. spendB. studyC. raiseD. join9. - Elsa, the show is not fun at all. I am

22、_ with it. - Yes, I think so. Its very _.A. boring; boringB. bored; boringC. boring; boredD. bored; bored10. - Frank, are you alone in the U.S.?- No. I _ my parents.A. work onB. work inC. live inD. live with二、代词填空1. Where is _ (you) room?2. _ (it) is an English car.3. Give _ (they) your kite, please

23、.4. This is _ dress. Give it to _. (she)5. - Is this _ (you) watch? - No, its not _ (I) watch.6. - Are these _ tickets?- No, _ are not. (they)7. - _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? - _ is a nurse. (she)8. Look at that case. Give _ to me. (it).9. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. (he)10. _ (I) come fro

24、m China. _ (I) name is Wang Fan.11. Parents are our first teachers. They teach _ (we) lessons of life.12. _ (we) dresses are red. What colour are _ (you) dresses?三、首字母填空1. Russia is a very big c_ in the northern part of Europe.2. - Mum, Im hungry!- You can e_ the oranges on the table.3. Jim and I ar

25、e good friends. We often have lunch t_ at school.4. I always s_ my weekend with my grandparents.5. Huayan Rock Climbing Park is n_ my school. Its only five minutes walk.6. My brother and I are in the s_ school, but we are in different classes.四、句型转换1. Are there any carrots in the basket? (做否定回答)No,

26、_ _.2. She often draws pictures in the evening. (改为一般疑问句)_ she often _ pictures in the evening?3. My friend William is from America. (对划线部分提问)_ your friend William _?4. There are fifty students in the classroom. (对划线部分提问)_ _ students are there in the classroom?5. 迈克的妈妈经常在作业方面帮助他。（翻译）Mikes mother usu

27、ally _ him _ the homework.五、用所给词的正确形式填空1. He is my new classmate. _ (he) name is Jerry.2. Leo is a good _ (sing). Do you like him?3. Mike usually _ (watch) basketball games on TV.4. Thanks for your information. It is really _ (use).5. It is not difficult for me _ (learn) English.6. I want _ (visit)

28、my grandparents during my winter holiday.7. There _ (be) a book and two pens on the desk.8. - What would you like for your salad?- Id like some _ (onion).9. - I like the book on the desk. Whose is it?- I think it is _ (Potter).10. - Natalie, what does your father do on Sunday?- He usually goes _ (fi

29、sh) with his good friends.六、用特殊疑问词填空1. - _ do you usually have for breakfast?- A cup of milk and a piece of bread.2. - _ dont you like biology?- Because I think its boring.3. - _ is your little sister?- She is only five years old.4. - _ do you usually do your homework?- I usually do homework in the

30、evening.5. - _ is your father in the photo?- The man under the tree.6. - _ English dictionaries do you have?- I have two.7. - _ is Peter?- He is in the sports field.8. - _ is your favourite?- I like green best.9. - _ club do you want to join?- I want to join music club.10. - _ is your new watch?- It

31、 is 1,200 yuan.七、用and, but, or, so, because填空1. Mr. White is our maths teacher, _ we all like him very much.2. - Do you want to have hamburgers _ noodles?- Noodles.3. I dont want to watch this movie _ I think it is boring.4. He practices (练习) English every day, _ he is good at speaking English.5. Fr

32、ank can speak Chinese, _ he cant speak it well.6. Tom, Mike _ Jack are my best friends. I always play with them.7. I dont want to go shopping _ go hiking. I just want to stay at home.8. Jason, Mr. Gao is angry with you _ you are always late for school.参考答案：一、单项选择1-5 BBABC6-10 CADBD二、代词填空1. your2. It

33、3. them4. her; her5. your; my6. their; they7. She; her; She8. it9. He; His10. I; My11. us12. Our; your三、首字母填空1. country2. eat3. together4. spend5. near6. same四、句型转换1. there arent2. Does; draw3. Wheres; from4. How many5. helps; with五、用所给词的正确形式填空1. His2. singer3. watches4. useful5. to learn6. to visit7. is8. onions9. Potters10. fishing六、用特殊疑问词填空1. What2. Why3. How old4. When5. Who6. How many7. Where8. What color9. What10. How much七、用and, but, or, so, because填空1. and2. or3. because4. so5. but6. and7. or8. because学科网（北京）股份有限公司