江苏省苏州市南京航空航天大学苏州附属中学2024-2025学年上学期高一期中测试英语试题.docx

1、江苏省苏州市南京航空航天大学苏州附属中学2024-2025学年上学期高一期中测试英语试题一、阅读理解Hand gestures (手势) have been commonly used in our daily communication. They add to the message by filling in what words sometimes leave behind. But are you somewhat aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures?HandshakeWh

2、ether youre greeting someone for the first time, or successfully negotiating (商定) an agreement, shaking hands is usually the go-to gesture. Who decided on this customary gesture, anyway? The history of the handshake dates back to ancient Greece, showing that neither person was carrying a weapon.Thum

3、bs up and thumbs downMaybe youre familiar with the popular story of this hand gesture dating back to Roman times. When a gladiator (角斗士) lost, the crowd would either stick their thumbs out to have him killed or just not make any sign at all. The thumbs up decided the gladiators fate (命运) . After WWI

4、I, thumbs up only came to mean that things were going smoothly. And thumbs down meant the opposite.High fiveAccording to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977. Glenn Burke, one of the capable players, lifted his am high

5、above his head and slapped palms with his teammate Dusty Baker to celebrate a milestone home run, marking what is widely regarded as the first recorded example of a high five.The fist bumpThe fist bump comes from boxers in the 1970s after people began imitating how they touched gloves before a compe

6、tition. Later, instead of shaking hands, first bumps became popular among basketball players. The gesture soon spread to all basketball lovers, and, before long, to the President of the United States.1What did “thumbs up” mean to a gladiator in Roman times?ABeing cheered.BBeing killed.CBeing appreci

7、ated.DBeing blamed.2Which gesture is in celebration of a home run?ABCD3Which aspect do all the four gestures mention?AThe history.BThe future.CThe power.DThe importance.“PLEASE DONT KILL HIM” said Mrs. Reid with tears in her eyes. “Im really sorry,” I said, hardly able to look at her. A nurse held h

8、er hand and tried to comfort her.“Hes been my entire world for 14 years, I dont know what Ill do without him,” she said with tears in her eyes. She wasnt talking about a person. She was talking about Toby, her King Charles spaniel. Mrs. Reid had come into hospital after shed fallen. She had Parkinso

9、ns disease, meaning her ability to move was worsening. It was the second time shed fallen in just a few weeks, and this time shed broken her hip. While the hip had now been fixed, it was clear that she was too frail (脆弱的) to go home, and the social workers had arranged for her to go into a care home

10、. A neighbor had been looking after Toby, but with Mrs. Reid no longer going home and as she had no family who could take him, it looked likely that hed have to be killed. She was begging me to allow her home, but it was simply too dangerous.This situation is far from unique. Research has found that

11、 each year thousands of dogs are put down because their owners go into care homes. Over 100,000 have to be rehomed. Thankfully I spoke to a kindly social worker who eventually found a care home for Mrs. Reid that would allow her to take Toby with her. But these places are few. I think we need to ser

12、iously re-examine whats happening here. It seems completely wrong. There is no doubt that we are a nation of animal lovers. Many of us consider our pets to be part of the family and theres a fair few of us, I guess, that actually prefer our pets to a good number of people. Humans have a great abilit

13、y to draw comfort and support from animals. For older people like Mrs. Reid, they are often the important source of companionship (陪伴) and about a quarter of old people have a pet. Yet when they come into hospital or a care home, they are denied this relationship.While the US, France, Norway and Swi

14、tzerland all have laws forcing housing providers to accept pets belonging to elderly people, studies have shown that around 70 per cent of care homes in the UK forbid elderly people from bringing pets. This figure has risen in recent years and is likely to be due to increasing concerns around “healt

15、h and safety”. However, research has concluded that they are “necessary to elderly peoples quality of life” and that having to move to care homes without their pets was psychologically similar to losing their family. It seems outrageous (可耻的) that care homes whose purpose is to ensure the elderly pe

16、oples welfare (福利) are able to deny them something which has proven clinical benefits for their health.4Who is Toby according to the passage?AMrs. Reids friend.BMrs. Reids son.CMrs. Reids dog.DMrs. Reids cat.5. What happened to Toby finally according to the author?AToby was killed by the government.

17、BToby was taken back home by Mrs. Reids neighbor.CToby was sent away to somewhere far from Mrs. Reid.DToby was still staying with Mrs. Reid thanks to the author.6What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 3?AThe relationship can last forever.BThey are provided with the relationship.CThe relatio

18、nship is taken away from them.DThey are ensured of the relationship.7Why does the author write this passage?ATo tell a story about Mrs. Reid.BTo stress the importance of keeping pets.CTo draw readers attention to a social problem.DTo show the relationship between animals and humans.To solve a big en

19、vironmental problem, chemists in the Czech Republic have been thinking small. Really small. Their new minirobot has one purpose: to help clean up tiny bits of plastic polluting waterways across the globe. Each new robot is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil. They are magnetic (有磁性的) and sh

20、aped like stars. When sunlight hits them, they produce chemical reactions that push them through water in a specific direction. When they find a piece of plastic, they stick to it and start to break it down. When the light goes out, they let go and are free to be used again. “This work is great,” sa

21、ys Douglas Blackiston at Tufts University in Medford, Mass. Hes a biologist who did not work on the project but knows about such devices. Hes been designing robots out of living cells, including some that might help with pollution cleanup. Speaking of the new one, he mentions that, “These robots can

22、 eat plastic. They chew it up. Or they can recover it and be collected with a magnet. Scientists love robots with all these capabilities. ”Chemist Martin Pumera at the Czech University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague led the project. He studies ways to build microrobots. About a decade ago, he

23、 says, scientists began developing tiny bots that could move themselves in water. Then, they had to find them a mission and thought “Lets make them do something useful.” Since then, Pumera has focused on the problem posed by microplastics, which are everywherefrom the bottom of the ocean to air blow

24、ing onto ice atop mountains. Theyve turned up in drinking water, both bottled and tap water, and some studies estimate that trillions of pieces of plastic end up in the worlds waters. The plastic has many sources, from drinking straws and shopping bags to laundry and cleaning wipes. Plastic doesnt e

25、asily degrade or fall apart, and thats always been one of its appeals. Pumera says his final goal is to make cheap and environmentally friendly robots that can be used anywhere in the world.8What do the new robots mainly do?ATo collect tiny bits of plastic in the seaBTo push the pollution in water a

26、wayCTo help do research into the plasticDTo deal with the plastic in water9How do the new robots get powered?ABy starsBBy plasticCBy sunlightDBy living cells10Why did Pumera take part in the project?ABecause of public attention to the plasticBBecause of the challenges from the plasticCBecause he was

27、 asked to do so by other scientistsDBecause he was inspired by the invention of microrobots11What is the best title of the article?ASmall robots, big dreamsBNo plastic in water anymore!CRobots, winners against plasticDThe fight between robots and plasticIts a typical day at school. Youre playing soc

28、cer with your friends. One of them kicks you the ball and you run for it. You trip. You fly through the air. You landhard, right on your face! The next moment, youre in the nurses office. Your bleeding nose is being checked by laser sensors (激光传感器) that coming out of a.robot? Has the nurses office b

29、een taken over by sci-fi aliens (外星人) from outer space?No. Youve just been pushed forward 15 years into the future. And its a future that Susan Epstein, a computer science professor who teaches artificial intelligence, is really excited to think about. “I am crazy about this kind of thing! You could

30、 go up to the robot, put your nose in, and the machine would decide whether you needed to be treated, and how.”Aside from being cool, an AI nurse has other advantages. It doesnt need to take vacations. It doesnt need to get paid a salary. And it might figure out whats wrong with your nose faster tha

31、n a human would. There are all kinds of ways that AI could be used to help make us healthier and researchers are studying how to use AI to diagnose (诊断) lung disease, cancer, and more.Our robot nurse isnt meant to completely take the place of humans, though. “It would work with real, live nurses and

32、 doctors,” says Epstein, “there are things humans are good at, like building trust among members of our own species or comforting someone whos hurt or sick. A big part of medicine is the relationship between a doctor and a patient.”Epstein points out that AI programs will never be perfectno matter h

33、ow much we might want them to be. But if AI can diagnose a deadly disease more precisely even 10 percent of the time, think of how many lives it could save. “Besides”, says Epstein, “I think there are probably patients who might prefer to have a machine for a doctor!” Would you?12Whats the function

34、of para 1?ATo introduce a scientific study.BTo lead to the topic of the text.CTo describe an experience of the writer.DTo give an example to support an argument.13What can be inferred from Epsteins words in para 4?AHumans are better at treating patients than AI doctors.BAI doctors alone can cure pat

35、ients of most of the diseases.CPatients trust in doctors may affect their treatments positively.DPatients may receive as much comfort from AI doctors as from humans.14What is true about AI doctors and nurses according to the text?AThey are better at trust-building.BThey will take over humans.CTheir

36、biggest strength is being cool.DThey are life-saving if properly used.15Whats Epsteins attitude towards AI doctors and nurses!ANegative.BFavorable.CDoubtful.DUnclear.Four Ways to Beat the Monday BluesFor most workers and students, Monday is the toughest day, which implies that the happy weekend is o

37、ver, while the new week of work and study has just begun. However, Monday always comes as usual. 16 The following four tips can help you greet the coming week full of energy. 17 Instead of focusing on the difficult tasks that lie ahead of you, you can make a list by writing down some things that you

38、 are looking forward to. A good place to start is to think of one thing you are excited about for each category: at work, after work, and at the weekend. Sleep has a huge effect on our mood. According to Harvard Medical School, “poor sleep can cause easy anger and stress, while healthy sleep can inc

39、rease well-being.” So, next time if you find yourself a little more short-tempered than normal, sleep may be the answer. 18 Its worth taking this into consideration on Sunday to avoid a lack of energy on a Monday morning. Dont underestimate（低估）the power of clothing. In fact, psychologists conclude t

40、hat the strong link between clothing and mood suggests we should put on clothes that we associate with happiness, even when feeling low. 19 Keep Mondays schedule a little lighter than other days. After a weekend of fun, dont give yourself a too tight schedule, please take it easy. 20 It means puttin

41、g some time into the easier tasks. Putting less pressure on yourself is a good way to beat the Monday Blues.AJust do small and easy things.BThink about all the good to come.CSince you cant escape, youd better face it bravely!DThis doesnt mean sitting around and being lost in your blues.EReduce Monda

42、y Blues by allowing yourself to do everything with more ease.FIn short, nothing is better than wearing what makes you feel great on Monday!GTake a nap to energize or get to bed earlier tonight to make up for sleep.二、完形填空A kind act is often its own reward. Johnnys life was changed forever over a sing

43、le act of kindness to a young woman who was 21 in the suburb (郊区) of Philadelphia.Kate McClure was very 22 when her car ran out of gas one night in the suburb. She was thinking about whether to 23 to the gas station when she noticed a homeless man walking up to her car. 24 of what to do, she stayed

44、inside her car as he 25 . But even she could not have 26 the events that happened next.When he realized her 27 , the homeless man, Johnny Bobbitt, walked three kilometers and came back with a filled gas can. He had 28 all the money to buy her fuel (燃料). And Kate did not 29 have money to pay him back

45、 that night. But he did not 30 it, happy to see her drive off safely.Kate decided to 31 this kindness. She set up a donation (捐赠) 32 , hoping to raise around $10,000 for him. 33 , strangers raised $400, 000 for Johnny in one month. The money has helped buy a new home for him and he also got the truc

46、k he had always 34 . “I just did what I thought was right; I wasnt expecting anything 35 .” Johnny continued, “This money was given to help me, but I want to use it to help other people in need.”21AattackedBhurtCrecognizedDtrapped22AfrightenedBsurprisedCexcitedDconfused23AdriveBrideChikeDrush24ACert

47、ainBProudCTiredDUnsure25Acame upBpassed byCmoved aroundDbacked off26AignoredBchangedCdescribedDexpected27AtrickBsituationCplanDbehavior28AkeptBearnedCsavedDused29AstillBeverCalwaysDeven30AmindBrefuseCfindDforget31ArepayBlearnCreportDaccept32AtestBchallengeCsurveyDactivity33AUnfortunatelyBRegretfullyCAmazinglyDSadly34AwantedBlostCheardDrepaired35Ain returnBin peaceCin comfortDin surprise三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Most of us looked up to someone as a role model at 36 younger age.