甘肃省镇原县第二中学2023届高三下第一次测试英语试题含解析.doc

1、2023年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回2答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置3请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符4作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效5如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Look, _ fashionable clot

2、hes is she wearing that all the eyes are fixed on her!AsoBsuchChowDwhat2As John Lennon once said, life is _ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.AWhichBthatCwhatDwhere3Shall we put off the experiment till next week?_, I dont think our teacher will be happy with it.ANever mindBSure, g

3、o aheadCYes, better notDId rather not4Mark has lived in China for many years, yet he still cant _ himself to the Chinese customs.AobserveBadaptCleadDdevote5The new supermarket announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day_ get a big prize.AmustBwillCshallDneed6He is very tired，so he

4、needs some time _ duty for relaxation and rest.AthroughBonCwithDoff7Highspeed trains which travel through my hometown _ up to 250 km per hour make it a small world.AwithBagainstCatDover8Will you require anything else? Yes, I like a whisky.AwillBshallCshouldDmight9In the forest, sound is the best mea

5、ns of communication over distance _ in comparison with light, it wont be blocked by trees when travelling.Awhile BbecauseCwhen Dthough10This kind of gel pen which _ smoothly is quite popular with students.Ais written Bis writing Cwrote Dwrites11Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it _

6、and is beyond our control.ApassedBwill passChas passedDhad passed12I keep on meeting with difficulties in the experiment. I can hardly go on.Where there are difficulties, there are ways to get over them. _ASuit yourself.BGood for youCPull yourself together!DWhats the deal?13Tony, do remember to send

7、 the report to the sales manager!_.AMade itBGot itCHeard itDFollowed it14The English in this story has been simplified to make it easier _.Ato be understoodBunderstoodCunderstandingDto understand15-Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. -I think so. He _ for it months.Ais preparingBha

8、s been preparingCwas preparingDhad been preparing16She has expressed her hope _ the foreign students will spread the good will and sincerity of the Chinese people to other parts of the world.AthatBwhichCwhetherDwhat17 Is it enough to finish the form for a passport, Madam? Your passport application f

9、orm should be _ by two recent photos.AupdatedBaccompaniedCestablishedDidentified18 David is a green hand at such things. But I believe he is quite _ to the task.Arelevant BaccessibleCequal Dunique19Smoking _ in the kitchen in my house.A doesnt allow B didnt allowC isnt allowed D wont allow20一When he

10、 know the result of todays job interview?一In a couple of daysAshouldBmayCshallDmust第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）Scientists are preparing to launch the worlds first machine to clean up the planets largest mass of ocean plastic.The experts believe the machine should be able t

11、o collect half of the detritus in the patch about 40,000 metric tons within five years. In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floating barrier ever made。The system, ori

12、ginally dreamed up by Mr. Slat, will be shipped out this summer to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, between Hawaii and California, and which contains an estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic. It will be the first ever attempt to tackle the patch since it was discovered in 1997.Mr. Slat was 16 and

13、 still at school when he was diving in Greece and first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea. “There were more bags than fish down there,” he recalls. Two years later he came up with a solution, quit university after six months and set up The Ocean Cleanup as a company. Mr. Slat,

14、23, says the first plastic to arrive on shore will be a major milestone. “We as a humanity created this problem, so I think its our responsibility also to help solve it,” he said.The Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP) spans 617,763 sq miles - more than twice the size of France, and contains at least

15、 79,000 tons of plastic, research found last month. Most of it is made up of “ghost gear” parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes often from illegal fishing vessels.Ghost gear kills more than 100,000 whales, dolphins and seals each year, according to scientific surveys. Seab

16、irds and other marine life are increasingly being found dead with stomachs full of small pieces of plastic. Creatures eat plastic discarded in the sea thinking its food but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly. Others are trapped and die of starvation or are strangled or suffoc

17、ated by ghost gear.1、What does the underlined word in the first paragraph probably mean?Awaste. Bocean.Csystem. Dmachine.2、According to the passage, most of the Garbage in Pacific is made up of _ .Afishing vesselsBdolphins and sealsCgiant tubesDabandoned fishing gear3、why do some creatures in The Gr

18、eat Pacific Garbage Patch die of starvation?Abecause they were killed by Ghost gear.Bbecause they were suffocated by ghost gear.Cbecause they didnt like eating plastic.Dbecause they are not feeding properly.4、What is the main idea of the Passage?Anews about the first machine to clean up ocean plasti

19、c.Breport about the death of marine lifeCinformation about ocean plastic.Dthe reason for inventing a machine.22（8分） People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5cm. A global study looked at the average h

20、eight of 18-year-olds in 200 countries 1914 and 2014. The results show that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from l2th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5cm. Larvian women, meanwhile, rose from 28th place in 1914 to become the talles

21、t in the world a century later, with an average height of 11.8cm. James Bentham, a co-author of the research says the global trend is likely but once you average over whole populations, genetics plays a less key role, he added.But while height has increased around the world, the trend in many countr

22、ies of north and sub-Saharan Africa causes concern, says Elio Riboli of Imperial College. While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.One reason for these decreases in height is the econom

23、ic situation in the 1980s, said Professor Alexander. The nutritional and health problems that followed the policy of structural adjustment, he says, led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential in terms of height.Bentham believes the global trend of increasing height has

24、important implications. How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in, he said. If we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come.1、What can be learned from Paragraph I?AThe increase in womens height

25、is much bigger than mens in the last century.BThe last century has seen a great increase in peoples height in most countries.CGenetics plays a key role in the increase of peoples height in the last century.DDutch and Swedes are ranked first and second in height in the world nowadays.2、The underlined

26、 word reversed in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by .Aslowed down.Bgone upwards.Cchanged to the contrary.Dcome to life again.3、According to the text,James Bentham suggests that .AThe economic situation of some countries should be improved.BEnvironment protection should be attached great importance to.C

27、The global trend of increasing height should be closely watched.DChildrens proper nutrition and healthcare should be guaranteed.23（8分） Solar energy systems & power plants do not produce air pollution, water pollution, or greenhouse gases. Using solar energy can have a positive, indirect effect on th

28、e environment, when solar energy replaces or reduces the use of other energy sources that have larger effects on the environment.However, some poisonous materials and chemicals are used to make the photovoltaic ( 光电池的) cells that convert sunlight into electricity. Some solar thermal (保热的) systems us

29、e potentially hazardous liquids to transfer heat. Leaks of these materials could be harmful to the environment. U. S. environmental laws regulate the use and settlement of these types of materials.As with any type of power plant, large solar power plants can affect the environment near their locatio

30、ns. The placement of the power plant may have long-term effects on the habitats of native plants and animals. Some solar power plants may require water for cleaning solar collectors and concentrators or for cooling turbine generators. Using large volumes of ground water or surface water in some dry

31、locations may affect the ecosystems that depend on these water resources. In addition, the beam of concentrated sunlight a solar power tower creates can kill birds and insects that fly into the beam.The amount of solar energy that the earth receives each day is many times greater than the total amou

32、nt of all energy that people consume each day. However, on the surface of the earth, solar energy is a variable and irregular energy source. The amount of sunlight and the intensity of sunlight varies by time of day and location. Weather and climate conditions affect the availability of sunlight dai

33、ly and on a seasonal basis. The type and size of a solar energy collection and conversion system determines how much of the available solar energy we can convert into useful energy.1、Which of the following best explains hazardous underlined in paragraph 2?AinexpensiveBdangerousCineffectiveDabnormal2

34、、What influence can large solar power plants have on the locations?APolluting the ground water.BProtecting the habitats of plants and animals.CDamaging the local natural balance.DAttracting birds and insects to the area.3、What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?ADifferent areas receive different

35、 amount of solar energy.BHow to convert solar energy into useful energy.CThe relationship between solar energy collection and the sunlight.DSome factors that influence the amount of solar energy collection.24（8分）The Australian postal service has apologized for delivering a letter half a century afte

36、r it was sent from an island in the South Pacific.A couple from Adelaide found the faded postcard, from the French Polynesian island of Tahiti, resting on their doorstep under a gas bill. It bore a postmark of 1966 and was addressed to one “Robert Giorgio”, according to the Adelaide Advertiser. The

37、postcard, which was written by someone named “Chris, reads: “I am enjoying myself greatly. The weather is very humid. Ill try and drop you a note in England.” Its stamp cost 3 francs, or around nine pence, and is understood to have been sent to the original owner of the house, whose whereabout is un

38、known.“It took a while to realize it was an old one,” said Tim Duffy, who bought the house 18 months ago with his wife, Claire, and believes it was built by an Italian man in 1963. “Then I checked the post date and its 1966.” He suspects the card may have been sent by someone who was travelling by b

39、oat. “Its fresh enough although it is a bit faded and its got some damage to the top left, which looks like a bit of water damage,” he said. Mr Duffy handed the letter back to Australia Post, who acknowledged that something had “gone wrong” and issued an apology. “It is clear that something went wro

40、ng 50 years ago after the postcard was posted in French Polynesia, and we apologise for the inconvenience,” a spkesman said.It is not the first time that a letter has taken vastly longer than expected arrive at its destination.A love letter sent by a British soldier during World War Two was apparent

41、ly stuck in transit for more than 64 years before it reached RAF Lakenheath in Suffolk.1、Who wrote the postcard?AClaire BChrisCTim Duffy DRobert Giorgio2、What does the postcard look like?ANice and perfect BOld and damagedCOld put beautiful DFresh but damaged3、The underlined word “whereabout” in Para

42、graph 2 is closest in meaning to “_”Alocation BfamilyChabit Dname4、What can be inferred from the text?AThe post card was sent out in 1963BTim Duffy accepted the apology from the Australia PostCThis is the first letter that has gone wrong during deliveringDThe person who wrote the post card would tra

43、vel to England25（10分）For more than twenty years scientists have been searching for signs of life on other planets. Most of these searches have been done over the radio. The hope is that someone in outer space may be trying to get in touch with us. Scientists also have sent radio and television messa

44、ges on spaceships traveling through space, on the chance that someone may be receptive to such messages.Scientists are using powerful radio telescopes to listen to signals from about 1, 000 stars, all within 100 light years of earth. In addition, they will scan the entire sky to “listen” for radio m

45、essages from more distant stars. Using a computer, they will be able to monitor more than eight channels at one time. Scientists are looking for any signal they stands out from the background noise.Of the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy, scientists find that five percent are like our sun.

46、Perhaps half of them have a planet like earth. Such a planet would be a reasonable distance from the star for temperatures to be right for the evolution of life. Based on the inhabitable（that can be lived in）planets in our galaxy, most scientists agree that chances are likely that one or more of the

47、se planets support some life.However, many scientists wonder whether intelligent life exists on other planets. Some believe that twenty years of searching without any intelligible messages shows that no one is out there. They say that the evolution of intelligence comparable to ours is unlikely.Other scientists believe that our search hasnt been long enough to rule out the possibility that intelligent life e