Unit 6 教学知识细解码 同步教材讲解 （新教材）外研版（2019）英语必修第一册.doc

1、1/8 1complete v. 完成completion n完成，结束 2prevent v阻挡，防止prevention n. 预防，防范 3harmony n. 融洽相处，和谐harmonious adj. 融洽的，和谐的 4agriculture n. 农业agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的 5design v. 设计designer n设计者，设计师 6harm v. 伤害，损害harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的 sheet n床单，被单； 一张(通常指标准尺寸的纸)；一大片(覆盖物) The road was covered with a

2、sheet of ice. 一大片 Have you changed the sheets? 床单 Please hand me a blank sheet of paper，will you？ 一张 Words And Phrases 知识要点 1 prevent vt.防止；阻止 (教材原句 P63) The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. 平坦的梯田可以收集雨水，防止土壤被冲走。 例 1 The accident could have been prevented

3、.这次事故本来是可以防止 的。 例 2 Bad weather prevented me from starting. 恶劣的天气使我不能动身。 翻译 昨天晚上是什么事使你不能和我们在一起？ What prevented you (from) joining us last night? 知识拓展 2/8 (1)prevent.(from)doing sth. 阻止做某事 (2)与“prevent.(from)doing sth.”意义相近的短语还有：stop.(from) doing sth.keep.from doing sth. (3)以上短语用于主动语态时，“prevent.from

4、doing sth.”与“stop.from doing sth.”中的 from 可省略，而“keep.from doing sth.”中的 from 不能省略。 “keep.doing”意为“让一直做某事”。所以用于被动语态时，这三个短语 中的 from 都不能省略。 即学即练 单句语法填空 Social phobia(社交恐惧症)prevents people making(make) the normal， everyday mistakes that may help them improve their skills even further. Social attention s

5、hould be paid to preventing our earth from being polluted (pollute) Actually，there are grammatical mistakes made by students that keep them from writing good compositions. 知识要点 2 in harmony with 与和谐相处 (教材原句 P63) But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony w

6、ith nature to make these terraces and grow rice. 但也许最有意义的是人们用与自然和谐相处的方式建造了这些梯田来种植 水稻。 例 1 We are aware that we should live in harmony with nature. 我们意识到我们应该和自然和谐相处。 例 2 In this peaceful land，people live in perfect harmony with nature， far away from the noise and worry of the outside world. 在这片宁静的土地上

7、，人们和大自然和谐相处，远离外界的喧闹和烦恼。 翻译 这两个企业必须和衷共济。 Here are two industries that must be in harmony with one another. 知识拓展 (1)sense of harmony 和谐感 out of harmony with 与不和谐 (2)harmonious adj. 和谐的 3/8 即学即练 单句语法填空 Devoted to keeping a lasting peace， we must live in harmony with one another. The piano was out of ha

8、rmony with the rest of the instruments. We are trying to form a harmonious (harmony) society to meet peoples needs. 小片段填空 Peoples life here is full of harmony and at the same time，human and nature make a harmonious picture.(harmony) 知识要点 3 design vt.设计，构思；计划；意欲 n.设计；设计方案；装饰 图案；打算 (教材原句 P63) The terr

9、aces are cleverly designed，with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.梯田设计巧妙，数百条水道相互连接。 例 1 Our school invited two engineers to design a language lab for us. 我们学校邀请了两位工程师为我们设计了一个语言实验室。 例 2 A project about protecting the natural resources is being designed. 正在设计一个保护自然资源的项目。 翻译 这两个城市之间的一条

10、新公路正在设计中。 A new highway between the two cities is being designed at present. 知识拓展 (1)designs sth.for sb./sth. 为某人/某物设计某物 be designed for. 为而设计 be designed to do. 意欲做，目的是 (2)by design 故意地 (3)designer n. 设计者；构思者 即学即练 单句语法填空 The programme is designed to help (help) people who have been out of work for

11、a long time. Many public places have toilets which are designed for the disabled. We shall never know whether this happened by accident or by design. 小片段填空 I like the design of the suit，which was designed by a famous designer.She 4/8 graduated from a school of fashion design and the school is design

12、ed to attract talented people who are interested in fashion.(design) 知识要点 4 harm vt.& nU伤害，损害 (教材原句 P63) These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops. 这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了一个完美的环境， 它们中的一些以损害水稻 的昆虫为食。 例 1 Smoking a lot of cig

13、arettes can harm ones health and even may kill people over a long period of time. 长期大量吸烟会危害身体健康，甚至可能导致死亡。 例 2 What he did did harm to his image.他的所作所为的确损害了他的 形象。 翻译 他说几种因素凑在一起，伤害了他们的友谊。 He said that several factors had combined to harm their friendship. 知识拓展 (1)do sb./sth.harmdo harm to sb./sth. The

14、re is no harm in doing sth 做某事无害 (2)harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to sb./sth. 对某人/某物有害 (3)harmless adj. 无害的 即学即练 单句语法填空 According to the study， using cell phones too often does harm to your health. Air pollution will get worse and this will be harmful (harm) to people and animals. There is no harm in

15、saying (say) sorry to her first. Sentence Patterns 重点句式 1 无生命名词see宾语(宾语补足语) (教材原句 P62) Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. 盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠 5/8 句式分析：句中无生命的名词 summer 作主语，see 在此处意为“见证；目 睹”是一种拟人的用法。 例 1 Dusk saw the little boy wandering in the street.黄昏时， 这个小男孩在 街上闲逛。 例 2 Th

16、e city has seen many changes. 这座城市经历了很多变化。 造句 这棵古树见证了人们生活水平的提高。 The old tree has seen the improvement of peoples living standard. 知识拓展 无生命名词作主语 see，find，witness 等词前用表示时间、地点或其他无生 命的名词作主语，用来增添语言色彩，意为“在某段时期或某地发生某情况， 经历或经受了某事”。 翻译 20 世纪 60 年代，钱钟书的著作围城第一次有了英译本。 The 1960s witnessed the first translation i

17、nto English of the famous work Fortress Besieged written by Qian Zhongshu. 黄昏时，一个小女孩在街上哭。 The dusk found a little girl crying in the street. 即学即练 单句语法填空 The twentieth century witnessed (witness)two world wars. The old temple has seen (see) great changes of the village in the past two hundred years.

18、重点句式 2 what 引导主语从句 (教材原句 P63) But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. 但也许最重要的是人们用与自然和谐相处的方式创造了这些梯田来种植水 稻。 句式分析：句中 what 引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。 例 1 What was most important to her，she told me，was her family. 她告诉我

19、，对她来说最重要的是她的家人。 例 2 What made people excited was that the solar ship had completed 6/8 around- the- world trip. 让人们激动的是太阳能船已完成了环游世界的旅行。 造句 他说的话已被录音。 What he said has been recorded. 知识拓展 从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数，但 what 引导的主语从句意义上表示复 数或 what 从句有两个以上动词， 是表示复数意义的并列结构时， 谓语动词也用 复数。 翻译 我说什么想什么都与你无关。 What I say and

20、think are none of your business. 这所学校最需要的是书。 What the school needs most are books. 即学即练 单句语法填空 What surprises me most is that he is too proud. What he needs most is (be)money. 教材 高考 1.The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. (2019 北京卷)We are finally waking u

21、p to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools， apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. 2.But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. (2015 福建卷)

22、Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature. 3.The terraces are cleverly designed， with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other. (2019 全国卷) HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. 4.

23、These terraces also provide a perfect (2019 全国卷) While the suns rays 7/8 environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops. can age and harm our skin， they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. 5.But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people hav

24、e worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. (2017 天津卷)What students do at college seems to matter much more than where they go. .单句语法填空 1Repair work is scheduled for completion(complete) in April. 2Spending too much time on the Internet is harmful(harm) to your health. 3How

25、ever，this reality also worried my designer (design) 4I hope you all understand the significance (significant) of this contract. 5The artist pay more attention to a harmonious (harmony) combination of colours. 6Though what you are doing is (be) very difficult，it is of great importance. 7She wrapped(w

26、rap) the small red flag around her hair and smiled happily to me. 8As we all know，it is water and sunlight that develop the crops. 9Cycling is actually a good kind of exercise and therefore I go cycling with my friends every Sunday. 10TV shopping is attractive(attract) because you can buy things eas

27、ily without going out. .短语填空 thousands of，in harmony with，turn.into.，pass down，wash away，be home to，feed on，as far as，once again，prevent.from 1We are taking steps to prevent air from being polluted. 2What is known to us all is that Australia is home to the Kangaroo. 3Sun Wukong can turn himself into

28、 different animals and subjects. 4Ill call him once again，but then we have to leave. 5They come out only at night and feed on some insects. 8/8 6These traditions have been passed down from one generation to the next. 7Our mission is to find ways for people to live in harmony with nature. 8Floods was

29、hed much of the topsoil away. 9I dont know why they walked as far as the river last night. 10Every year thousands of lives are lost in road accidents because of careless driving. .课文语法填空 The Longji Rice Terraces 1.were built (build) by the local Zhuang and Yao People， to whom Guangxi is home.2.Start

30、ing(start) in the Yuan Dynasty， works on the terraces took hundreds of years，until 3.its (it) completion in the early Qing Dynasty.These terraces increase the areas 4.in which people grow rice.Besides，they can catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from 5.being washed(wash)away.But perhaps 6.what

31、is most significant is the way in which people 7.have worked (work) in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.Although modern technology could help produce more 8.crops(crop)，new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces.Today，the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of 9.visitors (visit) who come to admire this great wonder created by people 10.and nature working together.