Unit 5 突破语法大冲关 同步教材讲解 （新教材）外研版（2019）英语必修第一册.doc

1、1/5 一、关系副词引导的定语从句 1when 引导的定语从句 观察例句 I can not forget the day when I first saw you. 我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。 I still remember the time when I first travelled by plane. 我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。 We will never forget the year when the 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing. 我们将永远不会忘记第 29 届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。 归纳用法 when 指时

2、间，在从句中作时间状语。先行词通常是 time，day，week，year 等。 2where 引导的定语从句 观察例句 This is the house where they lived a week ago. 这是一个星期前他们住过的房子。 Finally，we got to a factory，where many mobile phones of high quality were produced. 最后，我们来到一家工厂，在那里许多高质量的手机被生产出来。 归纳用法 where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语。先行词通常是 place，street，house， city，count

3、ry 以及一些抽象意义的名词，如 point，case，position，condition， situation 等。 3why 引导的定语从句 观察例句 The reason why I dont trust him is that he often tells lies. 我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。 2/5 Can you explain the reason why you dont help him? 你能解释一下你不帮助他的理由吗？ 归纳用法 why 指原因或理由，在从句中作地点状语。先行词是 reason。 名师点津 (1)这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于“介词which”结构

4、： whenon (in，at，during .) which wherein (at，on .) which whyfor which 即时训练 1 用适当的关系副词填空 1This is the reason why I didnt come here. 2 The accident has reached the point where both their parents are to be called in. 3You would get into a situation where you have to decide immediately. 4There was a time

5、 when the businessman lost heart. 5I can never forget the day when I first saw you. 二、关系代词与关系副词的选用 观察例句 I still remember the day which/that we spent together in the city. 我仍然记得我们在那座城市一起度过的那一天。 Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？ I dont know the reason why he d

6、idnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。 I wont listen to the reason that/which you have given us. 我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。 归纳用法 当先行词是表示时间、 地点、 原因的名词时， 如果定语从句缺少主语或宾语， 应用关系代词 which 或 that； 缺少状语时， 才能用关系副词 when 、 where 或 why。 即时训练 2 用适当的关系词填空 1I dont believe the reason that/which

7、he gave me for his being late. 3/5 2That was the reason why he was late for the meeting. 3This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago. 4Keep the book in a place where you can find it easily. 5Do you remember the day when you joined our club? .单句语法填空 1Self- driving is an

8、area where China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. 2But it was also a time when there are many great philosophers. 3Do you know the reason why he has been late? 4No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when its better to remain silent. 5The main reason why he got

9、 the job in that company was his hard work. 6Do you still remember the day when we met on the train for the first time? 7We visited the car factory where my uncle once worked three years ago. 8Is this the museum where the exhibition was held? 9I have forgotten the date which/that you told me. 10That

10、 is the reason which/that I want to know. .完成句子 1她告诉记者她在被埋的日子里只能依靠很少的食物生存。 She told the reporter that she had to survive on little food during the days when she was buried. 2我是来向你解释我缺席你生日派对的原因。 I have come to explain the reason why I was absent from your birthday party to you. 3有一段时间，我厌倦学英语并且不喜欢说英语。

11、 There was a time when I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English. 4他们已经到了必须分手的地步。 They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. 5你能告诉我他工作的办公室吗？ 4/5 Can you tell me the office where he works? .语法填空 Therapy dogs are dogs that are trained to give comfort t

12、o people in unfortunate situations.The story of the first therapy dog is very interesting.During World War ， a soldier named William Wynne found an 1. (abandon) dog on the battlefield (战场)He became 2. (friend) with the dog and named it Smoky.When William became very ill and entered a hospital，his fr

13、iends frequently brought Smoky to visit him， 3. made it become so popular with the other sick soldiers in the hospital that it was allowed to stay.The doctors in the hospital used Smoky to help cheer up the patients.After the war ended，Smoky continued to work 4. a therapy dog in the United States. I

14、n the 1970s， Elaine Smith， 5. American nurse， started a program to train therapy dogs.Smith noticed patients in hospitals seemed to recover (康复) much 6. (fast) when dogs had been around.7. amazed doctors and nurses was that having animals visit hospitals helped lower stress and blood pressure among

15、patients.In the 1980s and 1990s，other animals also started to help the sick. Today，therapy pets 8. (use) to help many different people with problems.For example，they help children with reading difficulties by 9. (provide) an audience that wont belittle (轻视) them.Some therapy pets can work along with

16、 the patient and the doctor in an effort 10. (help) people learn to walk again after a serious injury. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。 治疗犬， 可以接受训练， 辅助治疗患者。 1abandoned 考查非谓语动词。句意：二战期间，一名叫威廉 魏恩的士 兵在战场上发现了一只遗弃的狗。abandon 修饰名词作定语， 与 dog 构成被动 关系，故用过去分词作定语。 2 friends 考查名词复数。 句意： 他成为了狗的朋友， 并把它命名为 Smoky。 在“be/become/make f

17、riends with sb.”结构中，friend 应用复数形式。 3which 考查定语从句。句意：当威廉病得很严重，进了医院时，他的朋 友们经常带 Smoky 去拜访他， 这使得 Smoky 在医院里很受其他生病士兵的欢迎， 并且被允许入住。分析句子可知空后为非限制性定语从句，指代前面的句子，故 填 which。 5/5 4as 考查介词。句意：战争结束后，Smoky 继续在美国作为治疗犬工作。 作为某种身份时，用介词 as。 5an 考查冠词。句意：20 世纪 70 年代，美国护士 Elaine Smith 开始了训 练治疗犬的计划。此处表示泛指，American 首字母为元音音素，故

18、填 an。 6faster 考查比较等级。句意：史密斯注意到，当狗在附近时，医院的病 人似乎恢复得更快。根据句意，这里是恢复更快，应用比较级。 7What 考查名词性从句。句意：令医生和护士惊讶的是，让动物去医院 帮助降低了患者的压力和血压。分析句子可知主语是句子，从句中缺少主语，并 指代内容，故填 What。 8are used 考查时态和语态。句意：如今，治疗宠物被用来帮助许多不同 的人解决问题。时间状语 today，故时态用一般现在时，主语 therapy pets 和谓语 use 是被动关系，故填 are used。 9providing 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，他们通过提供不会轻视他们 的观众，帮助儿童解决阅读困难。by 为介词后面应加动名词，故填 providing。 10to help 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，一些治疗犬可以与患者和医生 一起工作，以帮助患者在严重受伤后再次学会走路。此处作目的状语，故用动词 不定式。