2021年高三英语上学期期中测试卷05（新高考卷）.docx

1、 2020-2021 学年高三英语上学期期中测试卷学年高三英语上学期期中测试卷 05（新高考卷）（新高考卷） 第一部分第一部分 阅读阅读(共两节共两节, 满分满分 50 分分) 第一节第一节(共共 15 小题小题:每小题每小题 2.5 分分, 满分满分 37.5 分分) 阅读下列短文阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Buckingham Palace It is the official residence of Queen Elizabeth II in London. The architectural core

2、 of Buckingham Palace is the former Buckingham House，built in 1703. You can visit the state rooms from August to October when the Queen is on holiday. It is one of the worlds most familiar buildings. It has 775 rooms. During the summer the famous Changing of the Guards takes place at the front of th

3、e palace at 11:30 and is a popular event for visitors to the capital. Big Ben and Westminster Palace It is one of Londons best- known landmarks. Big lien is the name of the clock inside the Clock Tower. It lies at the north- eastern end of the Houses of Parliament. Westminster Palace is one of the l

4、argest parliaments in the world. It was built between 1840 and 1880. The Tower of London The Tower of London is a historical monument in Central London on the north bank of the river Thames. It was founded by William the Conqueror. It was a palace and a prison (for Queen Elizabeth I for example).The

5、re you can see strange guards called “the Beefeaters”. Since the beginning of the 14th century, the Tower of London has been the home of the world famous British Crown Jewels- they are a must of your visit! Trafalgar Square It was named in 1835 to give honour to the memory of the British victory ove

6、r the French at Trafalgar in 1805. There is a huge statue of Admiral Nelson (the British hero killed during the battle) in the middle of the square. It is a popular tourist attraction with the four lion statues. 1.Which has the second longest history? A.Trafalgar Square. B.The Tower of London. C.Wes

7、tminster Palace. D.Buckingham House. 2.What is The Tower of London noted for in the world? A.Its strange guards. B.Its British Crown Jewels. C.Its founder. D.Its geographical site. 3.Why was Trafalgar Square built? A.A battle happened here. B.It could be good for tourism. C.Admiral Nelson was horn h

8、ere. D.Four lion statues had been built. 【答案】【答案】 1.D 2.B 3.A 【解析】【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。 文章介绍了伦敦的五个著名景点 （白金汉宫； 大本钟； 威斯敏斯特宫； 伦敦塔和特拉法尔加广场）的地理位置和历史以及用途等。 1.细节理解题。根据选项的建造历史可知，具有最长历史的是 The Tower of London，从 14 世纪开始， “帝国皇冠”就放在这里了。 第二个是建于 1703 年的前白金汉宫。 故选 D。 2.细节理解题。根据“Since the beginning of the 14th century,

9、the tower of London has been the home of the world famous British Crown Jewels- they are a must of your visit!”可知，自 14 世纪初以来，伦敦塔一直是世界著名的英国皇冠珠宝的存放之地- - - 它们是你参观的 必到之处！故选 B。 3.细节理解题。根据“It was named in 1835 to give honour to the memory of the British victory over the French at Trafalgar in 1805.”可知，Tra

10、falgar Square 是纪念 1805 年英国 在特拉法加战胜法国这个历史事件。故选 A。 B It was an amazing feeling to be acknowledged for the Pride Of Britain award at No 10 Downing Street. The last thing you expect when doing something as ordinary as picking your son up from a sleepover is to end up saving three peoples lives in a plan

11、e crashbut thats exactly what happened to me in May this year. I think I was acting unconsciously. I jumped out, leaving Giacomo in the car. The plane was upside down and flames were coming out of the drivers seat and I could hear screaming. I think there must have been roughly half a minute between

12、 getting the first and last person out. Then another guywho turned out to be Joel Snarrarrived on the scene to help at just the right time. I dont think Id have been able to get the pilot outhe was a big guy. There is no way he would have survived if Joel hadnt been there. I could tell straight away

13、 Joel had a military background by how he conducted himself. Wed just got all three of them to a safe distance when the aircraft was completely swallowed by the flames. Giacomo and I stared at each other, almost laughing in relief. The emergency services arrived pretty quickly, and we were at the sc

14、ene for a couple of hours while they dealt with the fire and cleared the roads. Afterwards I spoke to the family,and that was the first time the emotion of the whole thing hit me.I kept randomly bursting into tears. Thankfully, Stuart Moore, the pilot, and his nephew and niece Jack Moore, 19, and Bi

15、llie Manley, 16, have all since made a full recovery. Jack and Billie were suffering a lot more than I was. Although they were safe, the memory of being inside that burning plane would have been more of an emotional scar. 4.What do we know about the author? A.He prided himself on being helpful. B.He

16、 regretted having saved the family. C.He was overcome by fear and despair then. D.He was well equipped with first- aid knowledge. 5.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A.Joel Snarrs character. B.The importance of teamwork. C.The rescue process. D.An investigation of the air crash. 6.Why did t

17、he author and Giacomo laugh in relief? A.It was a narrow escape. B.They both appreciated Joels help. C.They both survived the crashing plane. D.The emergency services arrived in time. 7.What is the best title for the text? A.An Unforgettable Award. B.A Crashing Plane. C.A Thrilling Rescue. D.An Exci

18、ting Experience. 【答案】【答案】 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.C 【解析】【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在一次飞机失事中，一次惊心动魄的营救。 4.推理判断题。根据第一段的“It was an amazing feeling to be acknowledged for the Pride Of Britain award at No 10 Downing Street.”可知，在唐宁街 10 号（英国首相官邸）被授 予“英国骄傲奖”是一个令人惊喜的感觉。再结合下文作者救人的故事，可推知，作者因 为能在危机时刻帮上忙而感到非常自豪。故选 A 项。 5.主旨大意题。根

19、据第四段的主要内容，尤其“I think there must have been roughly half a minute between getting the first and last person out. Then another guywho turned out to be Joel Snarrarrived on the scene to help at just the right time.”(我想从第一个人出来到最后 一个人出来大概有半分钟的时间。然后另一个人原来是乔尔斯纳尔在合适的 时间赶到现场帮忙。)和“Wed just got all three of the

20、m to a safe distance when the aircraft was completely swallowed by the flames.” （当飞机完全被火焰吞没时， 我们把他们三个人 都安全地救了出来。 ）可知，第四段讲述了救援过程。故选 C 项。 6.推理判断题。根据第三段的“I think I was acting unconsciously, I jumped out， leaving Giacomo in the car.”（我想我是不自觉的，我跳了出来，把吉亚科莫留在车里。 ）和第四 段的“Wed just got all three of them to a

21、safe distance when the aircraft was completely swallowed by the flames. ”（当飞机完全被火焰吞没时，我们把他们三个人都安全地救了 出来。 ）可知，这场事故中所有人都活了下来。由此推测，作者和吉亚科莫笑得如释重 负，是因为所有人都死里逃生，侥幸脱险。故选 A 项。 7.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第四段的陈述可知，本文主要讲述了在一次飞机失 事时， 一场惊心动魄的营救。 C. A Thrilling Rescue.(一场惊心动魄的营救)可以作为标题， 概括全文，故选 C 项。 C Corn is among the mos

22、t commonly consumed grains on the planet. Globally, the average human will consume 70 pounds of corn each year! Thats a whole lot of corn that needs to be grown each year, and thats not even accounting for corn being grown for animal consumption and biofuel. Just like many other popular foods, farme

23、rs are finding it difficult to get enough corn produced. Of course, complicating matters is the fact that corn is a tropical (热带的) plant, meaning farmers cant produce it during the colder months of the year. Now, researchers from Cornell Universitys Boyce Thompson Institute have developed their own

24、solution: a new variation of corn that recovers much more quickly after being exposed to cold temperatures. Lead researcher David Stern, president of the Boyce Thompson Institute, and his team made this incredible breakthrough by building on research originally published two years ago. That study ha

25、d discovered that increasing the levels of an enzyme (酶) called Rubisco in plants caused them to grow more rapidly and reach larger sizes. Rubisco helps plants turn atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) into sugar. Regarding corn specifically, Rubisco levels in corn drop considerably in cold weather. Thi

26、s time, the research team planted a large group of corn plants, and provided a portion of the group with more Rubison. Then, they allowed all the plants to grow for three weeks at 77 degrees Fahrenheit (normal growing temperature for corn) before dropping the temperature to 57 degrees Fahrenheit for

27、 two more weeks. Finally, they heated things up back again to 77 degrees. “The corn with more Rubisco performed better than regular corn before, during and after chilling (冷却),” explains first author Coralie Salese- Smith. “In fact, we were able to reduce the severity of chilling stress and allow fo

28、r a more rapid recovery.” All in all, the corn with more Rubisco was able to recover from the colder temperatures more quickly and with less damage done. The Rubisco corn plants grew to be taller. These results are very promising. However, Stern and his team say theyre still working on improving the

29、ir approach. 8.What makes the research particularly necessary according to the text? A.The great climate change. B.Lack of heat- tolerant corn. C.The large demand for corn. D.Corns insensitivity to climate. 9.What did the researchers do during the study? A.They made those corn plants resist Rubisco.

30、 B.They assessed corn plants ability to absorb CO2. C.They removed all the chilling stress on corn plants. D.They exposed corn plants to different temperatures. 10.What should the researchers think of the corn plant they developed? A.It has functioned well in solving global starvation. B.It is quali

31、fied enough to be grown around the world. C.It recovers from the colder temperatures more slowly. D.It isnt yet completely perfect for chilling tolerance. 11.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Much More Corn Plants Are Badly Needed B.Corn Plants Arent Sensitive to Cold Weat

32、her C.Scientists Have Developed Cold- resistant Corn D.Tropical Corn Is Going to Become History Soon 【答案】【答案】 8.C 9.D 10.D 11.C 【解析】【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。来自康奈尔大学博伊斯 汤普森研究所的研究人员研发出一种 新的玉米品种，它暴露在低温环境后恢复得更快。 8.推理判断题。 根据第一段Just like many other popular foods, farmers are finding it difficult to get enough corn p

33、roduced(就像许多其他受欢迎的食物一样，农民们发现很难生产出足 够的玉米)可知，玉米的消耗量很大，对玉米需求量大使这项关于培育新品种的玉米的 研究显得尤其必要。故选 C。 9.细节理解题。根据第四段“Then, they allowed all the plants to grow for three weeks at 77 degrees Fahrenheit (normal growing temperature for corn) before dropping the temperature to 57 degrees Fahrenheit for two more weeks.

34、 Finally, they heated things up back again to 77 degrees(然后，他们让所有的植物在 77 华氏度(玉米的正常生长温度)下生长三周，然后 再将温度降至 57 华氏度再生长两周。最后，他们又把温度调回到 77 度。)”可知，研究 人员将玉米植物暴露在不同的温度下,故选 D。 10.推理判断题。根据最后一段 However, Stern and his team say theyre still working on improving their approach(然而，斯特恩和他的团队表示，他们仍在改进他们的方法)可推 断，他们可能认为他们

35、研发出来的玉米植物的耐寒性还不够完美。故选 D。 11.主旨大意题。 通读全文、 尤其是文章第二段“Now, researchers from Cornell Universitys Boyce Thompson Institute have developed their own solution: a new variation of corn that recovers much more quickly after being exposed to cold temperatures(现在，康奈尔大学博 伊斯 汤普森研究所的研究人员已经开发出了他们自己的解决方案:一种新的变异玉米， 在

36、低温环境下恢复得更快)”可知，本文主要讲述的是科学家研发出了一种耐寒的玉米品 种。“科学家已经研制出抗寒玉米”最适合作本文标题。故选 C。 D There are less frightening methods to beat the summer heat than by wolfing down still- boiling chicken soup for lunch. But followers of a ROKs tradition say that few are as effective. Their belief is “yi yeol chi yeol” or “fight

37、 fire with fire” and their weapon of choice is samgyetang, a whole young chicken stuffed with sticky rice, ginseng root (人参根), red dates and garlic, served piping hot in its own soup. At the peak of summer, many of them seek out bowls of samgyetang in the belief that it provides nutrients, improves

38、circulation and helps balance the bodys internal and external temperatures. “The concepts that make it good for you on a hot day are rooted in traditional ROKs medicine and are very old，” said Maangchi Kim, the ROKs-Canadian cookbook author and YouTube star. “If I have some hot samgyetang，” she said

39、. “I sweat a bit, and my body feels more in_sync_with the environment.” Skeptics might ask for scientific evidence and be surprised that some exists. A 2012 study at the University of Ottawa found that drinking warm liquids on hot days can lower body temperature more than drinking cold liquids can b

40、ecause it activates the bodys natural cooling system: perspiration. When sweat evaporates ( 蒸发), some of our body heat leaves with it, making us feel cooler. The theory was put to the test on a recent 84 (27) day at Hansol Nutrition Center, which despite its name is not a shop selling vitamins and p

41、rotein, but a ROKs restaurant known for its samgyetang. “Its one of the best-selling items on our menu in the summer，” said Peter Ro, an owner. “Especially in hot weather.” Whether it provides relief from the heat ultimately depends on ones definition of relief. Any cooling effect is not always imme

42、diate. “I guess were thinking more toward the longer- term benefits ， “ Mr. Ro said. Ms. Kim, though, swears by its tempering ( 调 温 ) qualities. “It might only be psychological for me, as a ROKs， ” she said. “But it feels like its working.” 12.How do people in ROK cope with hot weather according to

43、the text? A.Play with fire. B.Have something cold. C.Sweat by exercising. D.Drink some hot chicken soup. 13.What does the underlined part “in sync with” probably mean in the fourth paragraph? A.In agreement with. B.In relation to. C.In return for. D.In need of. 14.What is the scientific evidence for

44、 the effectiveness of samgyetang? A.It makes hot air go off. B.It cools the weather naturally. C.It drives heat out of the body. D.It motivates people to exercise. 15.How does the author feel about this ROKs tradition? A.He remains neutral. B.He thinks it effective. C.He is skeptical about it. D.He

45、regards it as frightening. 【答案】【答案】 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.A 【解析】解析】 本文是一篇议论文。在炎热的夏天，韩国传统上消暑的方法是喝一种叫“三叶汤”的 热鸡汤。但其消暑效果也受到一些人的怀疑。 12.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“There are less frightening methods to beat the summer heat than by wolfing down still-boiling chicken soup for lunch. But followers of a ROKs tradition say that

46、 few are as effective.(没有什么比狼吞虎咽还在沸腾的鸡肉还可怕的消暑 方法了。但韩国传统的追随者说，没有几个能像韩国这样有效。)”可知，韩国人是通过 喝点热鸡汤来应对炎热天气。故选 D。 13.词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“At the peak of summer, many of them seek out bowls of samgyetang in the belief that it provides nutrients, improves circulation and helps balance the bodys internal and external

47、temperatures. (在盛夏的时候，他们中的许多人会去吃一碗三 叶汤，因为他们相信三叶汤能提供营养，改善血液循环，帮助平衡身体内外的温度。)” 和第四段“If I have some hot samgyetang， ” she said. “I sweat a bit, and my body feels more in sync with the environment.”(如果我喝点热的三页汤， 我就会出汗， 然后我的身体感觉 和外界环境更)可知，喝热的三叶汤，出点汗，让体温将来下，这样可以让身体与外界 环境一致。所以 in sync with t 为“与一致”之意。故选 A。 1

48、4.细节理解题。根据文章第五段“A 2012 study at the University of Ottawa found that drinking warm liquids on hot days can lower body temperature more than drinking cold liquids can because it activates the bodys natural cooling system: perspiration. When sweat evaporates ( 蒸发), some of our body heat leaves with it,

49、 making us feel cooler. (渥太华大学 2012 年的一项研究发现，在热天喝温暖的液体比喝冷的液体更能降低体温，因为它激 活了人体的自然降温系统：排汗。当汗液蒸发时，身体的一部分热量也随之流失，使我 们感到凉爽。)”可知，三叶汤有效的科学证据是通过喝三叶汤排汗将热量排出体外。故 选 C。 15.推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍在炎热的夏天，韩国传统上消暑的 方法是喝一种叫“三叶汤”的热鸡汤。但其消暑效果也受到一些人的怀疑。作者在文章中 客观地陈述了支持者和怀疑者的观点，所以说作者对韩国的此传统是中立的。故选 A。 第第二二节节(共共 5 小题小题；每小题每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 12.5 分分) 阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, 从从短文后的短