介词讲解 （ppt课件）-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项.rar

介词介词介词是一种虚词，不能单独充当句子成分，但可以与名词、代词或其他词类、短语或从句组成介词短语，在句中作状语、定语、表语和宾语补足语。1表时间时：at，in，onat six 在六点 at noon 在中午 at Christmas 在圣诞节at night 在夜晚 at dawn 在黎明 I got there at eight this morning.今天早上我八点到那on的用法的用法on Monday 在周一 on the first of January在一月一日on Teachers Day 在教师节on the evening of October 1st 在十月一日晚上The twin sisters were born on a Friday evening.这对双胞胎姐妹在一个星期五的晚上出生in的用法的用法in the 21st century 在21世纪 in 2023 在2023 in autumn 在秋天in January 在一月 in the morning 在早上 They will finish the work in an hour.一小时后他们将完成工作2.after和beforeafter“在.以后”I will play football with him after schoolbefore“在.之前”Please wash your hand before meals.注意：表示“在一段时间之后”时，可以用介词in，after，区别在于“in时间段”用于将来时，“after时间段”用于过去时He came back after three days.三天后，他回来了He will come back in three days.他将在三天后回来3.since和和forfor:动作延续整个过程，后接时间段since:从某事一直延续至今，后接过去的时间点或从句I have learned English for five years.I have learned English since 2019常与含延续动词的完成时连用4.from和和duringfrom:说明开始的时间，常与to连用，from.to.从.到.“during时间段”表示“在期间”他们在2018年至2023年期间在那教书 They taught there from 2018 to 2023.They taught there during the past five years.5.until和和byuntil:“直到.为止”，常用于肯定句中，主句必须是延续性动词 by+时间点:“到.时间前”常用于将来时和完成时Ill be at the office until 7 pm.我将会在办公室待到7点Ill arrive at the office by 7 pm.我将会在7点前到达办公室二，地点介词盒子里面有什么Whats in the box?桌子上有支钢笔There is a pen on the desk.在上海 in Shanghai在公交站 at the bus station练一练Tom told me his parents had arrived _ Beijing.Aat Bon Cin Dto【解析】arrive后跟in或at，意为“到达”；at后多跟小地点，而Beijing是大地方，其前用in。【答案】C2.above，over和和on2.above，over和和onThe plane is flying above the clouds.飞机在云层上方飞行There is a brige over the river.河上有一座桥They put some flowers on the teachers desk.他们把一些花放在讲桌上3.across，through和和over3.across，through和和over练一练Can a plane fly _the Atlantic Ocean?Yes，but it needs to go _the clouds for hours.Aacross；through Bthrough；acrossCacross；across Dthrough；through【解析】本题考查介词辨析。across强调从某个平面/表面穿过；through侧重从内部穿过。句意是“飞机能飞过大西洋吗？”“是的，但需要穿越数小时的云层。”故A项符合题意。【答案】A4.in，on和和to4.in，on和和to练一练China lie _ the east of Asia.Ain Bon Cto Dof【解析】本题考查介词的用法辨析。句意为“中国位于亚洲的东部。”in表示在范围以内。中国属于亚洲，所以选A。【答案】A5.between和和among5.between和和amongBen sits between Peter and Tom.本坐在皮特和汤姆的中间本坐在皮特和汤姆的中间The teacher stands among the students.老师站在同学之间老师站在同学之间by，in和on加交通方式by bike 骑自行车 by plane=by air 乘飞机by ship=by ocean 乘船in my fathers car 坐我爸爸的车 on my bike 骑自行车Mr.Li goes to work by car=Mr.Li goes to work in a car李先生开车去上班by，in和with表示手段和工具This pair of shoes is made by hand.这双鞋是手工制作的He learns English by working with group.他通过小组学习的方式学英语Can you say it in English?你能用英语说吗？They paid in cash.他们用现金支付I often do my homework with a pen.我经常用钢笔做作业其他介词I like all the subjects except PE我喜欢所有科目除了体育I have a few friends besides you.除了你，我还有几个好朋友about和onThe teacher told us a story about LeiFeng老师给我们讲了一个关于雷锋的故事He will give us a talk on the history of the Party.他将给我们作一个关于党史的报告of和ininTom is the shortest boy of the six.汤姆是6个男孩中最矮的Mary is the most outgoing girl in her class.玛丽是他们班最外向的女孩Mary is the most outgoing girl of her classmates.1.一When is Jays concert?Its _three oclock_the afternoon of July 18th.A.at;in B.at;onC.on;in D.in;onB2.You can improve your English _practising more.A.byB.withC.ofD.inA3.Evenyone has handed in the test paper_Billy.He hasnt finished it yet.A.besidesB.exceptC.with D.besideB4.I couldnt do it _your great help.Thanks a lot.A.with B.withoutC.forD.toB5.Look!A blind man is in the middle of the street.Its toodangerous.Lets help him go _the street.A.cross B.through C.across D.alongC