2025届高考英语一轮复习作文版块 定语从句 导学案.docx

1、2025高考英语一轮复习作文版块-定语（关系）从句关系从句的句法功能主要是充当定语。在英语中，关系从句通常位于它所修饰的词（组）之后。被关系从句修饰的词（组）叫做先行词，引导关系从句的词称为关系词，关系词指代先行词，并在关系从句中充当一定的成分。关系从句可以看做是两个句子合在一起，一个句子B充当另一个句子A中的某个名词的修饰语。比如：A句：This is the book. 和 B句：The book interests me. 合成：This is the book which interests me. 【关系代词which代指前面的books，同时充当动词interests的主语】由此可

2、以看出，在进行合成句子的过程中，需要遵循一些语法规范：【规则】1、 根据句子需要，选用不同的关系代词或关系副词，且关系词要放在关系从句句首。2、 关系从句为陈述语序。3、 关系从句跟在被从句修饰的先行词之后。例一：I dont like people. People talk much but do little.分析：第一步、判断主从句。根据含义可知是“我不喜欢说得多做得少的人”，“我不喜欢这类人”是主句，“说得多做得少”是对这类人的修饰，因此第一句为主句，第二句为从句。第二步、找出先行词（两句中的指代和含义相同的那个词）并替换成关系词，并将关系词提前到从句句首。两句中people这个词是指

3、代且含义相同的，第二句是从句，把people这个先行词换成可以指代人物的关系词who，再将who提到句首，变成：who talk much but do little第三步、把从句插到主句的先行词的后面。 把who talk much but do little整个插到主句的先行词people之后。变成：I dont like people who talk much but do little.例二：The factory is in the east of the city. His father works in the factory.分析：他父亲工作的工厂在城东 他父亲在城东的工厂工

4、作如果要按来写，则核心句为“工厂在城东”，应该选择The factory is in the east of the city为主句。改His father works in the factory中的地点介词词组in the factory为关系地点副词where，并把where提到小句句首变成where his father works，再把整个句子插到主句的先行词factory后变成：The factory where his father works is in the east of the city. 如果要按来写，则核心句为“他父亲在工厂工作”，应该选择His father wo

5、rks in the factory.为主句。改The factory is in the east of the city中的factory为关系代词that，并把that提到小句句首变成that is in the east of the city，再把整个句子插到主句的先行词factory后变成：His father works in the factory that is in the east of the city.【重点讲解】那么什么是关系代词和关系副词呢？(1) 关系代词：这些关系代词在定语从句中担任不同的成分，例如主语、宾语或定语。who：用于指人，在从句中作主语。The m

6、an who helped me yesterday is my neighbor.who代指前面的man，作helped的主语，下划线部分为主句whom：用于指人，在从句中作宾语。Do you know the man whom I met at the park?who代指前面的man，作met的宾语，下划线部分为主句which：用于指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.which代指前面的book，作borrowed的宾语，下划线部分为主句that：用于指人和物，在从句中作

7、主语、宾语或定语。He told us the stories and the writers that interested him.that代指前面的stories和writers，作interested的宾语，下划线部分为主句The dog that I saw on the street is lost.that代指前面的dog，作saw的宾语，下划线部分为主句whose：表示所有关系，用于指人或物的某所有物。 This is the house whose windows are open. The girl whose father I fear is coming today.

8、whose可以看做前一个词的所有格，houses windows girls father(2) 关系副词：在定语从句中（替代介词短语）用作状语，表示时间、地点或原因。when：用于修饰表示时间的先行词。This is the day when we graduated from high school. when代替时间介词词组on the day被提前到句首where：用于修饰表示地点的先行词。This is the place where I grew up. where代替地点介词词组in the place被提前到句首why：用于修饰表示原因的先行词。This is the reas

9、on why he refused to help us. why代替原因介词词组for the reason被提前到句首 【非限定性定语从句】非限定性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思。它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，其前后都需要用逗号隔开。简单来说可以看做一个限定性定语从句中的定语从句被逗号隔开例如：The book, which I bought last week, is very interesting. She is an artist, whose paintings are famous worldwide.The city, w

10、here I was born, has changed a lot over the years.【句子练习】1春节是中国最重要的传统节日之一，它总是让我们想到家庭团聚。(remindof)2我建议你提前了解一些唐朝的历史, 这有助于你更好地理解将要学习的诗。(in advance)3还有，你们将有机会学习如何包饺子，这是中国典型的习俗，我相信你们一定会从中感受到快乐。4我们班计划5月30号骑自行车去西湖观看龙舟赛，那是全国范围内庆祝端午节。5这张照片使我们想起了救助伤者的士兵们。(remind)6他们期待参加这次志愿者活动，在活动中他们可以帮助无家可归的人。7幸运的是，政府给那些失去家园的

11、人带来了希望。8长跑过半他已精疲力竭，但仍然坚持到了终点，这对他的同伴产生了积极的影响。9专家作了一个讲座， 在讲座中他强调了保护文物的重要性。（deliver）10我们认为很重要的项目正在讨论中。11他的小说已经被改编成一部卡通片，这被普遍认为是一个经典之作。12我们很欣赏唐朝诗人们创造的精彩诗歌。13我们假期住过的酒店坐落在海边。14我永远不会忘记在乡下度过的时光。15当今父母非常重视孩子的教育，这从长期来看，对他们的发展有好处。16人们将永远不会忘记那些为国家做出杰出贡献的人。17已经在学校工作了10年的这位老师很擅长激发学生的最好方面。18我依旧记得人生中第一次坐飞机旅行的那天。19新

12、图书馆将使生活在这个社区的人们受益。20人们参加俱乐部的原因有很多。21志愿者给困在村子里的人送去了食物和其他补给品。22我不知道他今天晚上缺席的原因。23这所大学拥有先进的图书馆，这为学生们提供了一个舒适安静的学习空间。24我很想念我童年时居住过的地方。25我仍然记得我来这个学校的第一天。26这家餐馆是一个我们可以给爸爸举行生日聚会的完美地方。27有些人可能沉溺于网上冲浪，这样会危害他们的身心健康。28我们学校有3 000多名学生，大多数都能用心学习。29对这次活动感兴趣的人可在6月15日前报名。30老师要求班级里坐在后面的同学也应该参与讨论。【作文练习-2024年11月期中鄂东南高三联考英

13、语】假定你是李华，在学校生物课堂上，生物老师组织学生利用所学生物发酵(biofermentation)知识，制作了泡菜。请你给英国朋友 Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：(1)师生一起做泡菜的经历 (pickle n.泡菜 the proper concentration适宜浓度 seal v,密封)(2)你的感受。注意：(1)写作词数应80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。Dear Chris,Hows it going? _Yours,Li Hua答案1The Spring Festival is one of the most important traditi

14、onal festivals in China, which always reminds us of the family reunion.2I advise you to learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which can help you better understand the poems to be learned.3In addition, you will have a chance to learn how to make dumplings, which is a typical Chinese custo

15、m, where I believe you are sure to have great fun.4Our class is planning to cycle to the West Lake to watch the dragon boat race on May 30, when the Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated nationwide.5The picture reminded us of the soldiers who/that (had) rescued the injured (people).6They are looking fo

16、rward to/look forward to joining in/taking part in/participating in/getting involved in the volunteer activity in which/where they can help homeless people/the homeless.7Luckily, the government brought hope to the people whose homes were lost/ had been lost.8He had been exhausted half way through th

17、e long race, but still persevered to the end, which had a positive effect on his peers.9The expert delivered/gave a lecture, in which/where he stressed the importance of preserving /protecting cultural relics.10The project (that/which) we attach great importance to is under discussion.11His novel ha

18、s been adapted into a cartoon film, which is widely regarded as a classic.12We admired the wonderful poems that were created by the poets in Tang Dynasty./We admired the wonderful poems which were created by the poets in Tang Dynasty.13The hotel that we stayed at during our holidays stands by the se

19、aside.14I will never forget the time that I spent in the countryside./ I will never forget the time which I spent in the countryside./I will never forget the time I spent in the countryside.15Nowadays parents attach great importance to the education of their children, which does good to their develo

20、pment over the long term.16People will never forget those who make have made great contributions to the country.17The teacher, who has worked at the school for 10 years, is adept at bringing out the best in her students.18I still remember the day when I traveled by air for the first time in my life.

21、19The new library will benefit the people who live in this community. /The people who live in this community will benefit from the new library.20There are many reasons why people take part in clubs.21Volunteers delivered food and other supplies to people who/that were trapped in the village.22I dont

22、 know the reason why he was absent tonight.23There is an advanced library in this university, which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space24I miss the place where I lived in my childhood.25I still remember the first day when I came to the school.26This restaurant is a perfect place wher

23、e we can hold a birthday party for Dad.27Some people are likely to be addicted to surfing the Internet, which will harm their mental and physical health.28There are more than 3,000 students in our school, the majority of whom can put their hearts into their studies.29Those who are interested in the

24、activity can sign up before June 15.30The teacher requested that the students who sat at the back of the class also (should) participate in the discussion. I cant wait to share an exciting experience from our biology class with you! Last week, our teacher organized a fun activity where we learned ab

25、out bow to make radish pickles from scratch! First, we prepared fresh radishes and then mixed the right concentration of saltwater. After that, we carefully put the radishes in jars and poured the saltwater over them, making sure everything was covered. After sealing the jars, we set them aside to l

26、et the fermentation do is magic. The room was full of laughter and curiosity with our teacher guiding us through every step.lt felt like a fun cooking session rather than a biology lesson! I cant wait to try the pickles when theyre ready!I loved seeing science come to life. especially in such a tasty way! Looking forward to hearing from you!