人教版高二英语 必修五unit1 知识点.docx

1、 Unit 1 知识点 1.characteristic 特征特性 character n 角色，主角 2.put forward 提出，推荐，把提前，拨快（钟） put forward a good suggesion 提出 put you forward as 推荐你为 You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes. put oneself forward 毛遂自荐，出风头 put forward the production 促进生产 【词语联想】 put away: 收起来；贮存，储蓄 put down: 放下；写下，记下 put

2、 off: 推迟；延期 put up: 张贴；撑开（帐篷），留。过夜 put on: 穿上；增加；上演（戏剧） put on weight: 增加了体重 put on a new play: 上演新戏剧 3.conclude v 结束推断出 conclusion n. draw a conclusion （that ）得出结论 come to/ draw/ reach/ arrive at a conclusion 结束，告一段落，得出一个结论。 In conclusion=finally 最后 Conclude sth .(from sth.) that 推断出 断定 4.analyse 分

3、析 analysis n. analyses 复数 analytical adj. 5.infect 传染 Infectious adj Be infected with 被感染上 defeat sb 主要指战场上打败某人，也可指比赛 beat sb 游戏或比赛 win +比赛，辩论，奖品等 defeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”,e.g. defeat the enemy 打败敌人。 conquer指“征服”、”战胜”,特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”, e.g. conquer nature 征服自然 overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言, e.

4、g. overcome difficulties 克服困难 6. expert adj 熟练的，经验或知识丰富的。n.专家 be expert in. 7.attend 照顾；护理；出席；参加 attend a meeting/ a wedding / school/ church/ sb attend to sb 照顾某人/ 认真听某人说 8.expose 暴露揭露使曝光 暴露 Be exposed to暴露 expose sb./sth. to sth. He exposes his skin to the sun. 他把皮肤暴露在阳光下。 揭露 He exposed their plot

5、. 他揭穿了他们的阴谋。 The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve.对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。 9.cure 治愈 a cure for sth 治疗的方法 Cure sb of sth 治愈某人的疾病,纠正。 。 。不良行为 10.challenge 挑战 向挑战 challenging adj 具有挑战性的 Face a challenge 面临着挑战 accept a challenge 接受挑战 sb. Challenge sb. 11. absorb 吸收,吸引,使专心

6、 be absorbed in doing sth 聚精会神做 sth 12. absorb light/knowledge/nutrition. Absorb sth from sth, 从。 。 。吸收。 。 。 。 12.suspect 认为怀疑。 Suspicious adj. Suspect sb of doing sth Suspect to be. What she said sounded convincing ,but I suspect it to be a lie. 13. investigate 调查 Investigation n. =Look into=see to

7、 sth. 14.blame vt.责备谴责 n.过失，责备 be to blame for 该受责备 Youre not to blame for what happened . Blame sb for sth She blamed him for the failure of their marriage . Blame sth on sb Who is to blame for the big fire? 谁该为那场大火负责？ put / lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人 Pollute v polluted adj 15 link 连接；联

8、系 Link to 将和联系或连接起来 be linked to 与。 。 。有关 16.announce 宣布通告 announcement n.宣布；口头通知 announcer n.播音员 announce sth.(to sb.)(向某人)宣布、通告某事 announce that.宣布；通知 It is announced that.据宣布 make an announcement 下通知 17.instruct 命令指示教导 Installation instructions 安装说明书；安装说明装配规定 Instruct sb to do Instruct that sb sho

9、uld do Follow the instructions ask for instructions 请示 18 construct 建设修建 be Under construction 19.contribute 贡献捐献捐助,导致，促进 Make a contribution to doing Contribute sth. to doing Smoking contributes to lung cancer. 20 apart from 除.之外；此外 区别: in addition to, except, besides, beside, apart from in additio

10、n to：除之外，还有，表示递进关系。 e.g. The company provided the workers with free lunch in addition to paid holidays. 这家公司为员工们提供带薪假期， 还 有免费午餐。 except: 除之外，表示在整体中排除， Everyone except me got an invitation. 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了请柬. besides 表示“除了以外，还有”，与in addition to 同义， e.g. Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film.王先

11、生也去了。 We all agreed besides him.我们都同意, 他也同意。 beside : 在旁边。表示方位。 Lily sits beside me in class. 莉莉在班上做我旁边。 apart from 有两种含义： 1）相当于 besides.意为“除以外（还包括）” e.g. Apart from my mother tongue, I speak several foreign languages as well. 除了母语外，我还会讲好几种外语。 2） 相当于 except.意为“除以外 （不包括） ” I like all the subjects apa

12、rt from English.除了英语外， 我喜欢所有学科。 同义句转换 1）He speaks French as well as English. = He speaks French in addition to/besides English. 2) Apart from the salary, its not a bad job. = In addition to/Except the salary, its not a bad job. 21.firework Set off fireworks 23.positive negative 24.be strict with 对严格

13、 be strict in sth 25.revolutionary adj 革命的 n.革命家 revolution n 26.make sense 讲得通;有意义 Make sense of 弄懂 in a sense 在某种意义上；在一定程度上 in no sense 绝不 common sense 普通的见识；常识 make no sense 讲不通 there is no sense in doing sth. 29.enthusiastic 热情的 热心的 Be enthusiastic about 热衷于 30.cautious 小心的，谨慎的，细心的 caution n Be

14、cautions of/about (doing) sth.谨防 with caution 谨慎地 31.reject 拒绝 be rejected by 被。 。 。拒绝 32.Make room for 为腾地方 33. handle 门把手 处理操纵 handle with 处理 door handle get a handle on 口语控制，掌握，驾驭，左右 handle with care 小心轻放；小心装卸 34 be determined to do 35. have it delivered have sth done 让。 。 。做 36. Be responsible f

15、or 对。 。 。负责 37. Come to an end 38. Make the bed 39. Punish sb for sth 40. Encourage sb to do 41 be astonished at/by 对。 。 。惊讶 42 be trapped in/by 被困在。 。 。 。 【重点句子精讲】 1. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 对于它的起因和治疗方法人们都不清楚。 neither.nor.既不也不，连接句中两个相同成分。 I neither knew nor cared what had hap

16、pened to him.我既不知道也不关心他出了什么事。 Neither France nor Britain will attend the meeting next week.法国和英国都将不会参加下星期的会议。 Neither Jim nor his parents have seen the film. Neither his parents nor Jim has seen the film.吉姆和她的父母都没有看过这部电影。 cure vt. 治疗,治愈,改正 n. 治疗,治愈,治疗法 cure sb（of sth）治好了某人（的.,.) e.g. The only way to

17、 cure backache is to rest. 治疗背痛的唯一办法是休息。 e.g. When I left the hospital I was completely cured. e.g. That nasty shock cured him of his inquisitiveness for ever.那一沉重教训根除了他凡事爱打听的毛病。 e.g. This illness cannot be cured easily. 这种病不好治. a cure for sth.治疗的方法;解决问题，改善困境 e.g. Is there a certain cure for cancer

18、yet? 癌症迄今有无有效的治疗方法? e.g. The prices are going up every day, but there is no cure for rising prices. 2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.人们既不知道它的病因，也不懂如何治疗。 每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人病死。 (1)本句为复合句，“So many thousands of terrified people died” 为主句，every time 引导时间状语从句，意

19、思是“每 当”。 (2)有些名词短语或副词可以起连词的作用， 引导时间状语从句。 例如： every time, each time, the last time, next time, the moment, the minute, immediately, instantly 等。 Every time/Each time I express an opinion, she argues back.每当我发表意见时, 她总是反驳。 I found myself in an entirely new world the moment/the minute/immediately I arri

20、ved here.我一到这里就感到耳目一新。 The last time I saw him, he was quite well.我最后一次看到他时，他还相当健康。 Give your father my best regards next time you see him.下次你见到你父亲时，请代我向他致以最好的问候。 拓展延伸 (1)for the first time 是介词短语，常用作时间状语，而 the first time 是连词，引导时间状语从句。 (2)It is the first time that.如果前面用 is，从句动词用现在完成时；如果前面用 was，则从句动词用过去完成时. (3)Its (high) time that.从句动词用过去时或 should动词原形。 e.g. Its high time we took immediate action to prevent pollution.该到我们立即采取措施阻止污染的时候了。 3. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.利用这个额 外证据，约翰 斯诺就可以很有把握地宣布污染水携带病菌。