人教新目标八年级英语上期末复习资料.doc

1、 1 八年级上册期末复习资料八年级上册期末复习资料 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 短语：短语： go on vacation 去度假 be on vacation 度假 stay at home 待在家里 go to the mountains 去爬山 go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp 去参观夏令营 quite a few 相当多 study for 为而学习 go out 出去 most of the time 大部分时间 taste good 尝起来很好吃 have

2、a good time 玩得高兴 of course 当然 feel like 给的感觉；感受到 feel like doing sth go shopping 去购物 in the past 在过去 walk around 四处走走 because of 因为 one bowl of 一碗 the next day 第二天 drink tea 喝茶 find out 找出；查明 go on 继续 take photos 照相 something important 重要的事 up and down 上上下下 come up 出来 语法： 复合不定代词：由 some，any，no，every

3、加上-body,-one,-thing 构成的不定代词，叫做复合不定代词。 somebody = someone 某人 something 某物，某事 anybody = anyone 任何人 anything 什么事物，任何事物，无论什么事物 nobody = no one 没有人，不重要的人 nothing 没有东西，什么也没有;不重要的人或事 everybody = everyone 每人,人人,所有人 everything 每一个事物，一切 注意： anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。 anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I cant fi

4、nd it anywhere. somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here. 词组：for nothing(徒劳，没有好结果，免费)，nothing but(仅仅，只不过)， Its nothing. (不用谢，不必在意) anybody else(别人) （1）复合不定代词只相当于名词,在句子中作主语、宾语和表语，而不能作定语。 Everything is made of elements.任何东西都是元素构成的。（作主语） I have nothing to say toady.我今天没什么可讲的。（作宾语） Th

5、ats nothing.没什么。（作表语） （2）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 （3）代替与-thing 构成的复合不定代词，用 it；代替与-body, -one 构成的复合不定代词，一般用 they，在正式 文体中可用 he。 如：Everyone knows what they have to do, dont they ？ Everyone knows what he has to do, doesnt he ? 每个人都知道他必须做什么，不是吗？ （4）something 和 anything 的区别与 some 和 any 的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、 疑问句

6、或条件状语从句中。 I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。（肯定句） Someone is asking to see you.有人要见你。 （肯定句） Has anything happened ？出什么事了吗？ （疑问句） We cant decide anything now.我们现在不能作什么决定。 （否定句） If you want anything, call me.你要是需要什么可以给我打电话。（条件状语从句） （5）复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，形容词或不定式等其他定语则须放在它们的后面。 There is noth

7、ing wrong with the machine.这机器没出什么毛病。（形容词） This is something special. 这是种特别的东西。（形容词） Is there anything important in todays newspaper?今天报纸上有什么重要消息吗？（形容词） 2 Do you want anything to drink ?你想喝点什么吗？ If there is anything I can do for you , please tell me.如果有什么我能帮你的，请告诉我。 (6)除与-thing 构成的复合不定代词外，即 everyone

8、、everybody、someone，somebody 都有所有格形式；当其 后有 else 时， s 要加在 else 后面。 如： That must be somebody elses coat; it isnt mine. 那一定是别人的外衣， 不是我的。 (7)everyone=everybody, anyone=anybody, 只指人，；every one, any one 可指人也可指物， 【巧学不定代词】：不定代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏；单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。 相关短语： buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + a

9、dj. 尝起来look+adj. 看起来smell 闻起来 sound 听起来 feel 感觉起来 taste deliciouslook beautifulsmell terrible sound wonderful feel comfortable /tired / bored/ nothingbut+动词原形 除了之外什么都没有 seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来 No one seemed to be bored. seem to do sth. arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地 decide to do sth.决定去做某事 try do

10、ing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事 keep on doing sth. 反复做某事有小停歇 Why not do. sth.?为什么不做呢？ so+

11、adj.+that+从句 如此以至于 it is + adj. + for sb. +to do sth 对某人来说做怎么样 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不要）做某事 want sb. (not) to do sth. 想要某人（不要）做某事 辨析： 1.seem + 形容词 看起来. You seem happy today. seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold I seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像；似乎.

12、 It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎. It seems like a god idea. 2.decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum. decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave. 3. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与 begin 互换 。He started doing his homework. 但以下几种情况不能用 begin . 1) 创办

13、，开办： He started a new bllkshop last month. 2) 机器开动： I cant start my car. 3) 出发，动身： I will start tomorrow morning. 4. over 介词，多于，超过，在以上（表示数目、程度）= more than My father is over 40 years old. 在之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under 相反。 There is a map over the blackboard. 超过： I hear the news over the radio. 遍及： I want to t

14、ravel all over the world. 3 5. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday. too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much. Much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。 The hat is much too big for me. Youre walking much too fast. 分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数

15、， too 后修饰形或副。 too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。 6. because of 介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。 He cant take a walk because of the rain. because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。 I dont buy the shirt because it was too expensive. Unit2 How often do you exercise? 短语：短语： help with housework 帮助做家务 on weekends 在周末 how often 多

16、久一次 hardly ever 几乎从不 once a week 每周一次 twice a month 每月两次 every day 每天 be free 有空 go to the movies 去看电影 use the Internet 用互联网 swing dance 摇摆舞 play tennis 打网球 stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚 at least 至少 have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early 早点睡觉 play sports 进行体育活动 be good for 对有好处 sb. spend time

17、with sb.和某人一起度过时光 be bad for 对有坏处 sb. spend time / money on sth.在某方面花费时间/金钱 be good with 与友好相处 sb. spend time /money in doing sth.在做某事上花费时间/金钱 be good at sth./ doing sth 擅长某事/做某事 be friendly with sb. 与某人友好相处 be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 be kind to sb. 对某人友好 go camping 去野营 notat all 一点儿也不 in ones free ti

18、me 在某人的业余时间 the most popular 最受欢迎的 such as 比如；诸如 old habits die hard 积习难改 go to the dentist 去看牙医 morn than 多于；超过 less than 少于 help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 How about? .怎么样？/ 好不好？ want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ 有多少? 主语+find+that 从句. 发现 Its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的的。 ask sb. about sth.向某人

19、询问某事 ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 by doing sth. 通过做某事 Whats your favorite?你最喜爱的是什么？ the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 Whichdo you like best? 你最喜欢 词语辨析：词语辨析： 1. how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice, three times 等词语。 How often do you play sports? Three times a week. how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。 How

20、 long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler? how for 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers. 1. free 空闲的，有空的， 反义词为 busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time. Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week. 还可作免费的、自由的解。be free to do sth. 自由

21、地做某事。 4 The tickets are free. Youre free to go or to stay. 2. How come？ 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相 当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。 How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party? 3. stay up late 指熬夜到很晚，迟睡。 Dont stay up late next time. stay up 指熬夜，不

22、睡觉。 He stayed up all night to write his story. 4. go to bed 强调上床睡觉的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night. go to sleep 强调入睡，睡着，进入梦乡。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon. 5. find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy. find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty. find

23、 + 宾语 + 现在分词， 发现 ： I found her standing at the door. 6. percent 百分数， 基数词 + percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的 单复数。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed. 7. more than 超过，多于，不仅仅， 相当于 over. 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：less than. I lived in Shanghai for

24、more than / over ten years. 9. afraid 形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。 Im afraid we cant come here on time. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事； be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。 Some children are afraid of the dark. Dont be afraid of asking question. Im afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心： Im afraid I have to go now. be af

25、raid to do sth 害怕做某事 10. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别： sometimes 频度副词， 有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。 Sometimes I get up very early. -How often do you get up? sometime 副词，某个时候。 表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词 when. I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. -When will you go

26、 to Shanghai next week? some times 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中 time 是可数名词，对它提问用 how many times. I have read the story some times. -How many times have you read the story? some time 名词短语， 一段时间. 表示一段时间时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用 How long. I ll stay here for some time. -How long will you stay here? Unit3 Im more outgoing

27、than my sister. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. Thats Tara, isnt it? Are you as friendly as your sister? Im shy so its not easy for me to make friends. more outgoing 更外向 asas与一样 the singing competition 唱歌比赛 be similar to 与相像的/类似的 be the same as 和相同；与一致 be dif

28、ferent from 与不同 care about 关心；介意 look after 照顾 take care of 照顾 be like a mirror 像一面镜子 the most important 最重要的 as long as 只要；既然 bring out 使显现；使表现出 get better grades 取得更好的成绩 reach for 伸手取 in fact 事实上；实际上 make friends 交朋友 the other 其他的 touch ones heart 感动某人 be talented in music 有音乐天赋 be good at 擅长 be g

29、ood with 善于与相处 have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 5 want to do sth.想要做某事 as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样 Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事的。 词语辨析： laugh v. 说到某事持续多久则用 for; 说到某事具体发生的时间用 in. We visited many places of interest during the summer holiday. Ive been h

30、ere for two weeks. They usually leave school in July. 语法：语法： 一般将来时结构： 肯定式： 主语 + will/shall + 动词原形 + 其他 will 用于各种人称，shall 用于第一人称。 主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他 be 随人称、数和时间的变化而变换。 否定式： 在 will/shall/be 后面加 not. will not = wont . 一般疑问句： 将 will/shall/be 提到主语前面。 There be 句型的一般将来时： There will be /is going t

31、o be+ 主语 + 其他 ，意为 ：将会有。 12 一般疑问句形式为： Will there be/Is there going to be + 主语 + 其他。 肯定回答是： Yes, there will/主语+be 否定回答是： No, there wont/主语+be +not 否定形式是：There wont be/is not going to be + 主语 + 其他， 将不会有 特殊疑问句是: 疑问词/ 词组 + 一般疑问句？ When will there be a nice basketball match? Traveling to space is no longer

32、 just a dream. Russia_the first hotel in space in the near future. A. builds B. will build C. built D. has built There _ a football match on CCTV-5 at nine tomorrow evening. A. will have B. is going to be C . is having In 50 years there _more robots in peoples homes. A. were B. will have C. will be

33、D. have -Will people live to be 300 years old? -_. A. No, they arent B. No, they wont C. No, they dont D. No, they cant. They _any classes next week. A. will have B. wont have C. have D. had Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake? 短语：短语： milk shake turn on pour into a cup of yogurt Sounds like a

34、 good idea/plan. on Saturday cut up put into one more thing=another thing a piece of bread at this time a few/ few （几乎没有） fillwith coverwith one by one a long time 短语用法：How many + 可数名词复数 How much + 不可数名词 let sb. + do sth. want + to do sth. forget + to do sth. how + to do sth. There are many reasons

35、for 一段时间 +ago by + doing sth. need + to do sth. make + 宾语 + 形容词 Its time(for sb) + to do sth FirstNextThenFinally 句型：Turn on the blender. How do you make a banana milk shake? How many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need? Now, its time to enjoy the rice noodles! 语法语法：主谓一致判断法： 1. 不可数名词作主语时，

36、谓语动词用单数。 2. 动名词或动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 3. eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also.连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与邻近的名词或代 词在人称和数上保持一致。 4. 在 here, there 开头的倒装句中，谓语动词与后面的名词在数上保持一致。 词语辨析词语辨析： 1. turn on 打开，接通（电源，气，水），反义词是 turn off. turn up/turn down 调高/低音量。 2. pourinto 将倒入/灌入 into 是：进入 in 是：在内。 在 put, throw, break, la

37、y, fall 等动词之后，既可用 in，也可用 into。但 in 可作副词，into 不能。 He put all the books in/into the bag. Come in! 3. 有关 make 的短语： make the bed 铺床 make tea 沏茶 make trouble 惹麻烦 make money 赚钱 make a decision 做决定 make a telephone call 打电话 make a visit 拜访 make a mistake 犯错误 make a noise 弄出噪音 make a living 谋生 make sure 务必

38、13 4. one more thing = another one thing 基数词 + more + 名词 = another + 基数词 + 名词 5. fill with 用填充 be filled with = be full of 充满. The boy filled the bottle with sand. / The bag was full of clothes. 6. coverwith 用把覆盖 be covered with 被所覆盖。 cover n. 封面，盖子。 Ann covered her face with her hands. / The cover

39、of the magazine is nice. 7. Its time (for sb) to do sth. 到某人做某事的时候了。 Its time for sth. 到做某事的时候了。 Unit 9 Can you come to my party? 短语短语： on Saturday afternoon have to prepare for an exam go to the doctor/dentist have the flu help my parents come to the party meet my friend go to the party too much ho

40、mework go to the movies another time last fall hang out after school on the weekend study for a test visit grandparents the day before yesterday the day after tomorrow look after have a piano lesson accept an invitation turn down an invitation take a trip at the end of this month at the beginning of

41、 this month look forward to doing sth. the opening of go shopping too much homework go to the concert notuntil reply in writing 书面回复 reply to sth/sb. 回复 短语用法短语用法： invite sb. to do sth. What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 （+ 主语 + 谓语）！ help sb. (to) do sth What + 形容词 + 名词复数/不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ be sad to do sth.

42、see sb to do sth / see sb doing sth the best way to do sth. have a surprise party for sb Whats today? Whats the date today? What day is it today? 句型句型：Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon? Sure, Id love to. / Sorry， I cant. I have to prepare for an exam. 1. prepare 意为准备，强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的

43、承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定 式。 prepare for sth. 为准备好。for 的宾语不是动作的承受者，而是表示准备的目的，即所要应付的情 况。 / prepare to do sth 准备做某事。 prepare 强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。 get/be ready 意为准备好，强调准备的结果。常见结构有：be ready(for sth)get sth. ready be ready(for sth)be get ready to do(准备干某事，乐于干某事) We _ the mid-term examination.

44、 Miss Li said, Everyone should _before class. 2. have the flu 患感冒 have a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽 have a fever 发烧 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛 3. hang out 常去某处，泡在某处 hang on 紧紧抓住 hang about 闲荡 hang up 挂电话，悬挂，挂起 4. catch you = bye bye catch a cold 感冒 catch sbs eye 引起某人注

45、意 catch the train 赶上火车 catch up with 赶上，跟上 catch hold of 抓住 5.accept 接受 , 反义词为： refuse。 accept 指主观上愿意接受，receive 收到，指客观上收到或拿到，但主 观上不一定会接受。 I received his gift yesterday, but I wouldnt like to accept it. 1. turn down = refuse 拒绝 turn up 放大，调高 turn over 翻身 take turns 依次，轮流 14 2. help sb.(to) do sth 帮助某

46、人做某事 help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助人 help oneself to sth 随便吃 3. at the end of 在末尾，在尽头， by the end of 到末为止 in the end of 终于 4. surprised 形容词，感到意外的，主语是人 be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外 surprising 形容词，令人惊讶的，主语是物 The news was surpring. surprise 名词，惊奇、惊讶 to ones surprise 动词，使惊奇，使感到意外 It surprise sb to do sth.

47、5. look forward to 期待，盼望，to 是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语。 hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb. hear of = hear about 听说 6. make it 在约定的时间内到达，能够来 = arrive in time; Glad you could make it. 商量确定的时间，表示将来某项计划的安排，后接时间状语。 Lets make it at seven oclock on Tuesday. 成功办成某事 = succeed After years of hard work, he finally