人教新目标八年级英语上册：专项复习-完形短文填空课件(共14张PPT）.pptx

1、 完形填空 一、考纲要求 该题旨在考查考生综合运用语言知识的能力。它要 求考生以语篇语境为线索，通过阅读理解进行语意辨析 的逻辑推理，综合运用所学知识，选择正确答案。近年 中考的完形填空题均为记叙文。题型的设计一般遵循着 以下规律：短文首位句均未设空，为学生整体理解短文 提供了足够的线索；每小题设空时都注意到上下文的逻 辑联系，有助于学生正确理解短文。考查内容主要有： 构成各种时态和用法区别的动词及动词短语；名词和介 词；根据上下文内容及结构必须填入的形容词、副词、 代词和连词；同义词、近义词等易混词。考查以实词为 主, ,兼顾虚词。难点主要集中在根据上下文进行词义辨析。 题型解读 要做好完形

2、填空，必须掌握一定的解题方法和技巧，才能尽量不丢分。 一般来说，做完形填空题，要遵循三个步骤： 1. 1.细读首句，通读全文，掌握大意细读首句，通读全文，掌握大意 做完形填空时，一定要先通读一遍全文，切勿为了“省时”而边看边填，否则一 定是“欲速则不达”；阅读时要重视文章首句，因为首句往往是探索短文全貌的 “窗口”，常常点明了全文的中心思想，对理解文章很有帮助。通读全文时，应 采用快速阅读法，如遇个别生词，可以暂时略过。 2. 2.瞻前顾后，先易后难，逐个击破瞻前顾后，先易后难，逐个击破 “文中无闲句；句中无闲词”，词与词、句与句之间都是靠一定的语法关系和固 定的搭配而联系在一起的，所以每填一

3、空都要注意形义恰当和前后照应；做题时， 应遵循先易后难的原则，对有把握的选项可一锤定音，如果遇到一时难以确定的 答案可先不填，待填完其他空后，再回过头来，有时前后空白形成互相提示和补 充。 3. 3.复读全文，逐个核对，检查答案复读全文，逐个核对，检查答案 所有的答案选出之后，应再读一遍全文，看看行文是否流畅，意义是否连贯，逻 辑关系是否合理。复查时，可从语法入手，检查一下句子的时态、主谓一致、代 词的性、数、格以及词语的搭配等是否正确。经过逐句推敲后，对短文内容的理 解更为深刻。有些难解或误解的问题就很容易暴露出来，从而提高得分率。 解题指导 No one knows what our li

4、fe will be like in the futureHere are some childrens (1) Cindy：In the future，people will have more holidaysThey will (2) a lot of time traveling （旅行） around the worldMaybe some families will go to the moon (3) their holidays Gary：I think the earth will be more crowded and pollutedMaybe some people w

5、ill (4) their houses on other planets Sarah：Students in the future wont need to go to school and they will study at homeWhat will happen (5) students have problems with a subject？They will (6) with a teacher through videoconferencing （视频会议） Peter：In the future，people will speak fewer languagesMaybe

6、there will be (7) one language in the worldAnd it will be much (8) for people to talk with each other Laura：Robots will play an important role in our life (9) will help humans do all kinds of work These predictions may seem impossible today，but I (10) they will come true one day because we never kno

7、w what will happen in the future 完形填空-专题精练： (1) A. resolutions B. predictions C. programs D. activities (2) A. buy B. lose C. show D. spend (3) A. for B. with C. of D. from (4) A. draw B. build C. save D. move (5) A. if B. or C. but D. though (6) A. agree B. fight C. discuss D. laugh (7) A. only B.

8、still C. already D. ever (8) A. slower B. easier C. luckier D. quieter (9) A. I B. He C. We D. They (10) A. mind B. believe C. remember D. describe Coke is one of (1) drinks in the world. A lot of people enjoy (2) it. But now people begin to believe that its not a good drink for (3) . There is lots

9、of sugar in Coke, which is (4) people. And it also has some caffeine in it. The caffeine can get people (5) the habit of drinking more Coke when they feel (6) . If they dont drink Coke, they (7) bad. And the worst thing is that some people cant work or study (8) drinking several glasses of Coke ever

10、y day. More and more people want to (9) the Coke they drink and ask for help from the doctors. If you like drinking Coke too much, you may have the Coke Habit. In fact, drinking more fruit and vegetable juice is (10) for you. (1)A. more popularB. most popularC. popularD. the most popular (2)A. drink

11、B. drinkingC. to drinkD. drinks (3)A. boyB. healthyC. healthD. children (4)A. bad toB. good forC. good toD. bad for (5)A. inB. forC. intoD. with (6)A. hungryB. comfortableC. thirstyD. excited (7)A. will feelB. are feelingC. feltD. going to feel (8)A. withoutB. dontC. withD. after (9)A. cut downB. cu

12、t upC. cut inD. cut out (10)A. worseB. wellC. bestD. better 短文填空 一、考纲要求 短文填空题的考查方式是给一段200词左右的短文，在短文中 设10个空，要求考生通读短文，掌握大意，然后补全短文，每空一 词。考查学生在词汇、语法和习惯用法等方面的基础知识，以及理 解、分析、推导等综合能力。其中所填的单词是中考英语考纲要求 掌握的四会单词，主要以实词( (名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、 数词等) )为主。名词注意单复数形式，动词注意时态及相应形式的 变化。 该题型主要考查以下几个方面的能力： 1 1把握上下文的逻辑关系。 2 2推测句

13、子的真正含义以及根据生活常识进行判断。 3 3逻辑推理能力。 4 4对习惯用法和常用搭配的掌握情况。 5 5在一定的语境中考查学生的语法知识、词汇和语用知识等。 题型解读 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 短文篇幅 209词 231词 223词 227词 211词 考 点 设 置 名词 1 1 1 3 0 动词 3 3 3 1 2 形容词 1 1 / 1 1 副词 1 1 1 1 1 代词 1 1 1 1 3 介词 1 1 1 1 1 连词 1 1 2 1 1 冠词 1 1 1 1 1 （续表） 二、考情分析 1找找固定搭配、习惯用语、固定句型 习惯用法和固定搭配主要是考查考生

14、对语言知识的熟悉程度和 实际运用语言的能力。短文填空题型中经常考查短语及常用搭配，如： 句型结构“not until ”、固定搭配“would like to”、动词短语、 介词短语等。因此，初中阶段需要掌握的300个短语是十分重要的。 2联联系上下文，关注重点词，寻找相同、相似、相反的信息点 利用上下文语境找到正确答案。语境包含三个层次：在同一句 前后词中可以找到线索作答；逾越本句层次，在前后句中可以找到 线索作答；从其他段落甚至全文角度综合考虑问题。 3推根据生活常识，结合语法进行推理 依据语法和逻辑关系，判定应填单词在句中充当的成分，是否符 合上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而确定所填单词的词性

15、及其正确形式。 解题指导 【解题步骤】 1 1通读全文，关注首尾句，确定大意。 2 2依据语法和逻辑关系，确定词形。 3 3带入原文，认真审读，检查错误。 短文填空短文填空-专题精练：专题精练： A Hi, Im Larry. Simon and I are standing in the room quietly. At the moment were saying _ and doing nothing. Were just looking at ourselves in the mirror. We are_ twelve years old. Simon and I are twins

16、(双胞胎)._ birthdays are on the same day-February 28th. In some ways, Simon is not _ to me. He is _ little heavy. He has two small eyes. Im thin _ two big eyes. Im a _ boy. I hardly ever tell jokes. I have few friends at school, _ I often feel lonely Simon is more outgoing than me and good at _ jokes.

17、He can meet his _ everywhere at school. And Simon tells me making a lot of friends is very important in life. nothing both Our similar a with serious so telling friends B The new year is coming. _has a new plan. Most students are going to work harder at school this year_ they want to get good grades

18、, Some students are going to eat more fruit and vegetables to keep healthy._ few students plan to join sports clubs, and they are going to be sports players in the future. Some parents are going to work harder because they want to make _money this year than last year. And they can buy something good

19、 for their_ because they hope their children can live well. Many young people are going to _ some new foreign languages and computer science. They find its important _ them to do that if they want to get a good _. Some old men want to do exercise every day to _ healthy. Hope all the resolutions _true! Everyone because A more children learn for job stay/keep come