初中英语新译林版七年级上册Unit 4 School days单词讲解（2024秋）.doc

1、七年级英语上册Unit 4单词讲解1.A. M. 上午 - P. M. 下午Eg: 8: 00 am 上午8点； 4: 00 pm 下午4点2.Get up 起床Eg: She often gets up at 6:00 am. 她经常上午6点起床。3.Activity (名词) 活动； 其复数形式为activities派生词act (动词) 行动 - active (形容词) 积极的常见搭配daily activity 日常活动Physical activity 体育活动After - school activities 课后活动Eg: She takes part in lots of p

2、hysical activities at school.4.Housework (不可数名词) 家务劳动；家务事注意：该词为不可数名词，故无复数形式，可用much, a lot of/ lots of等修饰常见搭配do some housework 做些家务Eg: My mum does lots of housework today. 今天我妈妈做了许多家务。5.Homework (不可数名词) 家庭作业注意：该词为不可数名词，故无复数形式，可用much, a lot of/ lots of等修饰常见搭配do ones homework 做作业Eg: I often do my homew

3、ork after dinner. 我经常晚饭后做作业。6.On weekdays 在工作日知识拓展Weekdays常指周一到周五的工作日，weekends常指周六周日的休息日常见搭配at/ on the weekends 在周末Eg: We often go to work by subway on weekdays. 我们在工作日经常坐地铁上班。7.Usually (副词) 通常地派生词usual (形容词) 通常的；往常的用法详解usually为频率副词，在句中常常位于实义动词之前，助动词、be动词、情态动词之后。Eg: She usually goes to school by bus

4、. 她通常坐公交车上学。8.A little 一点，少量；少量的；一些易混辨析a few、few、a little与little区别：a few “一些；少许” 后接可数名词复数，表肯定few “几乎没有”后接可数名词复数，表否定a little“一些；少许”后接不可数名词，表肯定little “几乎没有”后接不可数名词，表否定Eg: There are a few apples in fridge, you can eat one. 冰箱里有一点苹果，你可以吃一个。There are few apples in fridge, we should get some. 冰箱里要没有苹果了，我们

5、应该去买一些。There is a little milk in fridge, you can drink some. 冰箱里有点牛奶，你可以喝一些。There is little milk in fridge, we should buy some. 冰箱里没有牛奶了，我们应该去买点。9.Myself (反身代词) 我自己；亲自 - (复数形式) ourselves - （该词为反身代词）知识拓展 其它反身代词有：yourself (你自己); himself (他自己); herself (她自己); itself (它自己); yourselves (你们自己); themselves

6、 (他们自己)常见搭配enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快Eg: I enjoyed myself last night at the party. 昨晚在派对上我玩得很高兴。注意：oneself代替所有反身代词，形式要随主语发生变化。10.First (数词/副词) 第一；首先 （该词为序数词形式）派生词one (数词) 一 （该词为基数词形式）常见搭配at first 首先； first of all 首先；第一Eg: First of all, you should wash these fruits. 首先，你应该洗这些水果。I spent most time on the

7、first question. 我在第一个问题上花的时间最多。11.Term (名词) 学期；期常见搭配this term 这个学期； new term 新学期Eg: We have seven subjects this term. 这学期我们有七个学科。12.Start (名词/动词) 开始；着手；开头；开端同义词begin (动词) 开始常见搭配start to do sth. / start doing sth. = Begin to do sth./ begin doing sth. 开始做某事The start of . .的开端Eg: We often start to have

8、/ having lessons at 8:30. 我们经常8：30开始上课。Today is the start of new term. 今天是新学期的开始。13.Writer (名词) 作家派生词write (动词) 写常见搭配write to sb. 给某人写信Eg: Lu Xun is a famous writer. 鲁迅是一位著名作家。14.Language (名词) 语言； 其复数形式为languages常见搭配learn a new language 学习一门新语言Eg: English is my second language. 英语是我的第二语言。15.Amazing

9、(形容词) 令人大为惊奇的 （修饰物）派生词amazed (形容词) 吃惊的（修饰人）； amaze (动词) 使惊奇常见搭配be amazed at . 对.感到惊奇Eg: She is amazed at the amazing results. 她对这个惊人的结果感到惊奇。16.Living (形容词) 活着的；活的易混辨析alive, lively, living和live区别alive “活着的；在世的”常用来指人，有时也可指物；作表语，后置定语或宾语补足语lively “活泼的；生动的”可指人或物，作表语、定语living “活着的”可指人或物， the living “活着的人”

10、live “活着的”不修饰人，主要形容鸟或其他动物Eg: Is the dog alive or dead? 这条狗是死还是活？She is a lively girl. 她是一个活泼的女孩。Her grandfather is still living at the age of 98. 她的也爷爷活到98岁。The cat was playing with a live mouse. 这只猫在玩弄一只活老鼠。17.Nature (名词) 大自然；天性派生词natural (形容词) 自然的；天然的常见搭配In nature 在大自然里natural food 天然食物Natural par

11、k 自然公园Eg: There are all kinds of animals in nature. 大自然中有各种各样的动物。The boy likes drinking natural yogurt. 这个小男孩喜欢喝原味酸奶。Its natural for parents to worry about their children. 父母担心孩子是正常的。18.Practise (动词) 练习 也可写作practice常见搭配practise doing sth. 练习做某事Practice makes perfect. 孰能生巧。Eg: Mary often practices pl

12、aying the piano in the afternoon. 玛丽经常下午练习弹钢琴。19.Field (名词) 田；地；领域常见搭配field trip 野外考察；实地考察open field 旷野Ball field 球场Work in a field 在某领域工作Eg: We went on a geology field trip. 我们去进行地质野外考察。People are working in the fields. 人们在田间劳动。They are all expert in this field. 他们都是这个领域的行家。20.Leave for 动身去；到.地方去用法

13、搭配leave用法小结Leave (动词) 离开；遗落常见搭配leave + 地点 “离开某地” leave for + 地点 “动身前往某事”leave sth. + 地点介词短语 “把某物落在某地” Eg: I will leave Beijing. 我要去北京。I will leave for Beijing. 我动身前往北京。I left my homework at home. 我把作业落在家里了。21.Pick (动词) 采；摘；挑选常见搭配pick apples 摘苹果Pick flowers 摘花pick sth. up 拿起；捡起Eg: My mum picks me up

14、from school every day. 我妈妈每天接我放学。Please pick the book up. 请把那本书捡起来。22.Would (情态动词) 将；将会 （无人称和数的变化）常见搭配would you like ? “你（们）想要 吗？”常用于有礼貌地向别人提出邀请。变疑问句时，将would提前。肯定回答：Yes, please. 或 Yes, Id love/ like to.否定回答：No, thanks. 或 Id love/ like to, but I would like “想；想要”经常缩写为d like, 相当于wantwould like sth. =

15、want sth. 想要某物would like to do sth. = want to do sth. 想要做某事would like sb. to do sth. = want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事Eg: I would like an English book. 我想要一本英语书。- Would you like an English book? 你想要一本英语书吗？I would like to go shopping . 我想要去购物。- Would you like to go shopping ? 你想要去购物吗？His parents would li

16、ke him to get good marks. 他父母想让他取得好成绩。- Would his parents like him to get good marks? 他父母想让他取得好成绩吗？23.Of course 当然同义词Certainly. = Sure. 当然。24.Seldom (副词) 很少用法详解相当于 not often 表示否定含义Eg: We were seldom at home. 我们很少在家。25.Grow (动词) 生长；发育；种植派生词growth (名词) 发展；成长常见搭配grow up 长大；grow tall 长高注意：当grow译为“变得”时，后

17、面常常接形容词Eg: What do you want to be when you grow up? 你长大后想成为什么？My grandparents grow old day by day. 我爷爷奶奶一天天变老了。population growth 人口增长26.Tour (名词) 参观；旅行派生词tourist (名词) 游客； 同义词visit常见搭配world tour 世界旅行易混辨析Journey, trip, travel与tour区别：journey着重指“长距离的、陆上的旅行”Trip 指“任何方式的短途旅行”travel泛指旅行的过程，尤指出国旅行tour常指“以游览

18、、视察、购物等为目的的旅行”Eg: We spent four weeks touring around Europe. 我们花了四个星期周游欧洲。27.Outside (副词) 在外面；(介词)在.外面反义词inside 在里面常见搭配go outside 去外面Eg: It was dark outside and I couldnt see any. 外面很黑，我什么都看不见。28.Peace (名词) 平静；和平派生词peaceful (形容词) 和平的常见搭配in peace 平静地Eg: He had a peaceful life. 他过着平静的生活。I hope you fin

19、d the best way to live in peace. 我希望你们能找到最好的方式和平地生活。29.Quiet (名词) 宁静；平静 (形容词) 安静的常见搭配keep quiet 保持安静Eg: “Be quiet!” said the teacher. “安静点！”老师说道。30.Better (形容词) 更好的注意：该词为good/well的比较级形式Eg: She sings better than Lily. 她比丽丽唱得好。31.Tiring (形容词) 累人的 该词常常修饰物派生词tired (形容词) 厌倦的 该词常常用来修饰人常见搭配 Feel tired 感到疲倦

20、Be tired 疲倦；厌倦Eg: It is very tiring work. 这是很累人的工作。She felt tired very much. 她感到非常疲倦。32.Duty (名词) 职责；任务；义务常见搭配sense of duty 责任感On duty 值班；当值Eg: Its the first day Im on duty. 这是我第一天上班。It is my duty to report it to the police. 把这事报告给警方是我的责任。33.Take part in 参加易混辨析take part in与join区别Join (动词) “加入；参与”（常常

21、指加入某一党派、团体成为其中一员）Take part in “加入；参加” （常指参加某一活动并其积极作用）Eg: My brother joined the Amy last year. 我哥哥去年参军了。She wants to take part in the meeting. 她想参加这次会议。34.Through (介词) 以；凭借；通过；穿过常见搭配go through 穿过易混辨析through与across区别：Through 常指从内部穿过而across常指从表面穿过Eg: I often go home through the park. 我经常穿过公园回家。The old

22、 man walked across the street alone. 这位老人独自走过过马路。35.Group (名词) 组；群；批常见搭配in groups 以小组A group of. 一群/组.Eg: The students work in groups on complex problems. 学生们分组研究复杂的问题。There is a group of sheep on the hill. 山上有一群羊。36.Take turns 轮流常见搭配take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事Eg: We can take turns to be the monitor

23、. 我们可以轮流当班长。知识拓展 Turn (动词) “转动；变成”常见搭配turn off 关闭Turn on 打开Turn down 把声音调低；拒绝Turn up 把声音调高；出现Turn . into 变成.Turn left/right 左转/右转Eg: Finally, he turned failure into success. 最后，他反败为胜。37.Empty (动词) 倒空； (形容词) 空的常见搭配empty the bin 倒垃圾桶Eg: Please empty the bin. 请把垃圾桶倒了。The bin is empty. 垃圾桶是空的。38.Take (g

24、ood) care of (好好)照顾；照料同义词组look after (well) (好好)照顾Eg: You should take good care of yourself. = You should look after well yourself你应该好好照顾自己。39.Something (代词) 某事；某物用法详解something为不定代词，形容词及动词不定式在修饰不定代词时，需要放在不定代词的后面。Eg: something special 特别的东西Something to eat 吃的东西知识拓展其它不定代词有someone, somebody, anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody及nothing.注意：不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。Eg: Everyone is here. 每个人都在这了。6