专四写作模板课件省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

1、 主讲教师主讲教师:鲁晓霞鲁晓霞英语专业四级写作题型与模板英语专业四级写作题型与模板第1页一、比较选择类一、比较选择类(A or B)A or B)比较两个事物优缺点并表明倾向比较两个事物优缺点并表明倾向Television is a Better Source of Entertainment A balanced diet:A better way to stay healthy Is a big university superior to a small university?Home education outweighs oversea education for young ch

2、ildren Will Phones kill letter writing?Where to live:in the city or in the country?Where to eat:in a restaurant or at home?Whether to further study or to find a job soon after graduation?The advantages and disadvantages of taking a part-time jobThe positive and negative effects of TV advertisements第

3、2页第一段第一段:(用现象或事实陈说用现象或事实陈说)引出要比较两个事引出要比较两个事物物,用一句话表示自己观点用一句话表示自己观点./用现象陈说法、用现象陈说法、提问法引出比较事物，主题句指出两个事物存提问法引出比较事物，主题句指出两个事物存在着显著差异或不一样点。在着显著差异或不一样点。第二段第二段:主题句承接首段观点主题句承接首段观点,限定本段内容限定本段内容.然然后比较两事物优缺点后比较两事物优缺点.(Topic sentence+First,second,third,the advantage of A,but the disadvantage of B.+supporting de

4、tails)/直接直接评述评述A事物主要特点事物主要特点+扩展句，扩展句，B 事物主要特事物主要特点点+扩展句。扩展句。第三段：结论，注意首尾观点一致。第三段：结论，注意首尾观点一致。/得出倾得出倾向性结论，表明作者态度。向性结论，表明作者态度。第3页 Which Mode of Travel Do you Like?With the general standard of living improving and the working week becoming shorter,more and more people are able to make a holiday trip to

5、places of interest.While many like to join package tours for convenience,I prefer to travel on my own.The first part (from general to specific从面到从面到点，从现象到详细讨论事物，引出自己观点点，从现象到详细讨论事物，引出自己观点)第4页I like traveling on my own not only because it gives a great of independence and freedom.Traveling on my own,I

6、m my own boss,and I can decide when to start on my way,where to linger a little longer and which spot can be skipped over to save energy and time for another spot.I can always adjust my plan.On the contrary,in a package tour youre deprived of as much freedom as in a military base.At the sound of the

7、 whistle,you have to jump up from a sound sleep and hurry to the gathering place where you are collected.At the sight of the little flag waving,you must immediately take yourself away from the scenes you are marveling at and follow the guide whose sole interest is to cover all spots according to his

8、 strict schedule,regardless of the weather or your health condition.（阐述理由，对比优缺点）（阐述理由，对比优缺点）第5页True,you may encounter inconveniences if you travel individually,for instance,getting accommodations for the night and finding a place for meals.But nothing can be compared with the freedom which is vital

9、to a person who takes a holiday trip mainly to escape from constrains of his routine life.（首尾观点一致，得出结论，深入说明观点）（首尾观点一致，得出结论，深入说明观点）第6页二、意义、主要性、危害性说明类作文二、意义、主要性、危害性说明类作文The importance of extracurricular activities The importance of keeping a good mood Travel broadens our mind A major advantage or disa

10、dvantage of advertising on TV advertising More pressure from academic studies DOES(or DOES NOT do)good to us 第7页提醒：第一段：大背景提醒：第一段：大背景(上义背景，自己态度：上义背景，自己态度：主要？有利？有害？主要？有利？有害？)用引言句（概括式，描写，用引言句（概括式，描写，数据，提问）引出要讨论事物或现象，表明作者数据，提问）引出要讨论事物或现象，表明作者对这一事物基本看法。某种程度上就是再现标题对这一事物基本看法。某种程度上就是再现标题所给所给“定论定论”。第二段，之所以有利

11、、有害、主要、有优势原第二段，之所以有利、有害、主要、有优势原因有两个，因有两个，firstly,(topic sentence)+supporting details;主题句承上启下,限定本段内容即主要性或危害性主要表达在哪些方面，接下来分述危害性或主要性，注意层次和句式。Secondly,(topic sentence)+supporting details第三段：结论第三段：结论.假如阐述主要性，则宜用提议式假如阐述主要性，则宜用提议式或展望式。如阐述其危害性，则用警示式结尾。或展望式。如阐述其危害性，则用警示式结尾。第8页On Today s Education One of the

12、main problems with todays education is that too much emphasis is placed on the test score.It has become the most important criterion for college enrollment.A student,however,creative and intelligent,will not be admitted into a college if his total scores are just one point less than required.It is a

13、lso one of the crucial factors either in job assignment or in employment competitions.（由面及点入题）（由面及点入题）第9页 The competition for high scores among students becomes intense.Students find themselves concentrating more on strategies to achieve high scores than on acquiring the knowledge.They will play tru

14、ant of some subsidiary courses,skip over the substance which will not be tested on,even pump teachers for hints on upcoming exams.（第一个角度：学生）（第一个角度：学生）第10页 Teachers are apt to give their students high scores.As their job is judged mainly by the students performance in terms of scores,some teachers te

15、nd to set easy papers to test their students or narrow down the scope of the exam.Some teachers even leak“accidentally”the exam questions or lower their criterion of scoring.As a result,the test fail to achieve the desired results.（第二个角度：教师）（第二个角度：教师）第11页 We must search for an immediate solution,bec

16、ause the competition for high scores becomes so intense that it actually defeats the academic goals of education.（警示式结尾）（警示式结尾）第12页三、观点论证类三、观点论证类 （agree or disagreeagree or disagree）Is money all powerful?Is thrift necessary in modern society?Some people think that machine translation can replace our

17、 English study.Do you agree?Whats your opinion about reducing childrens excessive assignment?第13页提醒：第一段：背景提醒：第一段：背景(伴随伴随有些人有些人观点及他们理由观点及他们理由),我观点。我观点。引言句（现象陈说法，数据法，提引言句（现象陈说法，数据法，提问法，对立法）开头，引出要评论事问法，对立法）开头，引出要评论事物，说明他人看法，引出自己观点。物，说明他人看法，引出自己观点。第二段，陈说理由并举例证实第二段，陈说理由并举例证实.段段首句承上启下，指出原因或理由，用首句承上启下，指出原因

18、或理由，用拓展句分别加以说明或叙述。拓展句分别加以说明或叙述。第三段第三段,得出结论，提出提议得出结论，提出提议.第14页第一段：引言句引出要评论事物或问题，第一段：引言句引出要评论事物或问题，第二句提出自己论点。第二句提出自己论点。第二段：段首句承上启下，限定论据范围。第二段：段首句承上启下，限定论据范围。正面论据之一（含有概括性）：用扩展句正面论据之一（含有概括性）：用扩展句加以延伸。加以延伸。正面论据之二（或反面论据）：用扩展句正面论据之二（或反面论据）：用扩展句加以延伸。加以延伸。第三段：结论，深入阐述观点。第三段：结论，深入阐述观点。批驳观点，阐述自己观点，采取正面立批驳观点，阐述自

19、己观点，采取正面立论法。论法。第15页Can Success be Measured in Terms of Money?There is a deep-rooted concept in the minds of many people that money is the only yardstick of success.What they do not realize is that there are many types of success,and some are associated with wealth and some not.It is high time that s

20、uch people opened their eyes and took a good look at the world around them.第16页 While it is true that a successful businessman or inventor will usually become rich,many other people who are outstanding in their fields do not reap monetary rewards.One example is the rocket scientist who makes great a

21、chievements in the field of astronautics while gaining glory for his country,but draws a modest salary.Another example is Lei Feng,who has marked his name in history because his life was devoted helping others,although he owned almost no personal possessions.第17页 Measuring success by money alone lea

22、ds people to strive to make money by fair means or foul.If ones only goal in life is to become rich,without serving others or making any worthwhile achievements,then one certainly cannot regard oneself as a success.Furthermore,those who spend their lives scrambling for money,even though they gain it

23、,are the biggest losers of all.第18页My View on MoneyIn modern society it seems impossible to live without money.For instance,a country needs money to develop its economy and to raise peoples living standards.For a person suffering from poverty or a serious disease,he has to go hungry or to wait to di

24、e.Money is even regarded as a symbol of wealth and status.As a proverb goes,“Money makes the mare go.”第19页Different people have different attitudes toward money.Some think of money as the most important thing in the world.They may try all means,such as gambling and cheating,to make more and more mon

25、ey.They believe that money can bring them everything such as fancy cars,luxurious houses,expensive furniture and beautiful lovers.Some people,however,think that there are things more important than money,such as good health,happiness and achievements.They devote themselves to their careers.They earn

26、 money by hard work.第20页It seems to me that money is very important.With lots of money we can live comfortably.But I dont think it is all-powerful.There are still things like friendship and love more valuable than money.Therere also certain things that money cannot buy,such as health,youth and happi

27、ness.For a millionaire suffering from serious cancer,money cannot serve its purpose.Money is only a medium of exchange,a symbol of our work or achievement.Therefore,we should earn money by honest means.Only when money is obtained by hard work can it make us really happy.第21页Money Is Not All-powerful

28、People have different attitudes toward money.Some believe that money is the source of happiness.With it,they can buy whatever they need,which makes their life comfortable and colorful.Others think that money is the root of all evil.With much money,one may become greedy,selfish and immoral.Often a to

29、o strong desire for and improper use of money may drive one mad and irrational,leading to disaster finally.My opinion is that money is very important,but it cannot bring everything.第22页There is no doubt that we can hardly manage to live without money.Money is very important.With it we can buy large

30、houses,delicious and nutritious foods,fine clothing and fancy cars.And with all these,we can surely live happily and comfortably.But there are still things that money cannot buy,such as health and friendship.For an affluent person suffering from an incurable disease,money cannot make him healthy aga

31、in,and thus he can never gain happiness.A millionaire without true friends would feel lonely and sad.Besides,money obtained by illegal means such as gambling or cheating may encourage one to go astray.第23页Therefore,we cannot expect money to bring us everything.Only when we earn our money by honest m

32、eans and spend it for the benefit of others as well,can we feel true happiness.第24页四、现象解释类（为何会有这种现象四、现象解释类（为何会有这种现象 Teenage smoking soars Why college students have difficulty in finding jobs?The reason for the young childrens crimes 提醒：第一段：背景介绍提醒：第一段：背景介绍(有一个现象有一个现象)+引引言言(the following two reasons c

33、an explain the problem)第二段：第二段：firstly,(reason 1),secondly(reason 2)第三段：总结第三段：总结第25页Why is Western Fast-food So Popular?With Chinas opening policy,more and more foreign products are introduced to China.Among them is the western fast food.We can find many fast food restaurants in big cities and some,

34、such as McDonald and KFC.第26页Why is western fast food so popular?I think there are two main reasons.One reason is their environment.Almost all that kind of restaurants are very clean,and the waiters service is fairly good.Another reason is that the flavor of western fast food is quite different from

35、 Chinese food,which attracts many people,especially young children.第27页What can we learn from this successful case so as to help our own food industry?Firstly,we must change our restaurants environment and improve the service.Secondly,we should set up our own brand and make it popular among people.M

36、eanwhile,we should create more new special styles of food to satisfy different people.In this way,Chinas food industry will defeat the western one.第28页五、提出提议、处理问题类五、提出提议、处理问题类 One way to solve the problem(1998)The best way to stay healthy()Present suggestion to arts festival()One way to solve transp

37、ortation problem 提醒：第一段：背景介绍提醒：第一段：背景介绍(问题很严重问题很严重+处理方法好处理方法好几个几个+最好最好 一个方法是一个方法是)第二段：我方法好第二段：我方法好for two reasons.Firstly,secondly 第三段：总结第三段：总结第29页How to Keep Healthy Nowadays more and more people are concerned about their health.These people are interested in physical exercises.If you happen to be

38、in one of the city parks early in the morning,you will see lots of people there.Some are practicing Taijiquan and sword play and others are either running,walking or exercising through dance.Research shows that getting plenty of exercises makes the heart and reducing the chance of heart attack,and h

39、elping to lower blood pressure.第30页Medical researchers have proved that what people eat affects their health.They advise people to eat more fruits and vegetables and less red meat like beef and pork because meat contains more fat than poultry and fish.Fats can build up in the arteries,block the flow

40、 of blood,and cause a heart attack or stroke.第31页Getting rid of bad habits like smoking and drinking alcohol is also an important way to keep healthy,but it still fails to draw enough peoples attention.If people pay equal attention to the above mentioned three ways of keeping fit,they will greatly i

41、mprove their health.第32页 My Idea of a University Arts Festival The Arts Festival is supposed to provide the students a platform on which they can show their strong suits they are covered up when they are sitting in the classroom and play the role of students.The student body may organize the Arts Fe

42、stival in the form of competition and the competition can be widely ranged according to the interests of students such as speeches,drawing,dancing,singing,instrument playing,chess playing and so on.第33页Why should the Arts Festival be better organized in the form of competition based on students inte

43、rests?First,the students are ambitious group.Competition can spice the Festival and stimulate the desires of the students to show themselves without hesitation and reservation.Second,a platform provided for students interests may indirectly help their academic performance.Suppose a student who perfo

44、rms poorly in his academic life wins a competition of his strong suit,he is likely to start to hold a positive attitude toward himself:I am not as inferior as I have believed.His confidence is strengthened in some degree and this plays an active role in his study.In this way,the Arts Festival helps

45、the students in his studies indirectly.第34页The Arts Festival is not only an important forming part of the extracurricular activities of university students campus lives but also a necessary complement to the copied lives of study.Therefore,it is the purpose of Arts Festival that can colorize the col

46、lege life and benefit the university students spiritually.第35页六六.观点阐述类观点阐述类第一段：背景介绍引出要讨论问题或第一段：背景介绍引出要讨论问题或现象（引言句现象（引言句Recently /It is new +现象或问题）现象或问题）+不一样人们观点及不一样人们观点及其理由（能够用其理由（能够用cases,facts,analogy,referring to an authority）第二段：第二段：我观点及其理由我观点及其理由First,second,第三段：结论。第三段：结论。第36页My View On Campus

47、MarriageV V There is a newly dissension putting forward these days:Is it legally allowed for Chinese on-campus students to get married before they complete their courses?Some people prefer yes while some others prefer no.Certainly a large number of people just cannot decide which side they should be

48、 stand.第37页In fact,the governments allow on-campus students to get married before they complete their course.There isnt a regulation proclaimed in writing to forbid marriage of on-campus students.But it must affect those tries.第38页In my opinion,it is unnecessary to forbid on-campus students to get m

49、arried before they finished their college,however,it shouldnt be advocated or encouraged.Because,for on-campus students,they play the role as learners.Their main task is to learn.If they married,their school work must be affected and they may not graduate favorably or may not be capable for future w

50、orks.So,I believe:almost all on-campus students would deal with the question reasoningly.第39页 My View on Competition and CooperationCooperation and competition are both important.They are attributes that are equally necessary for a person to achieve success in his life.第40页If you lived on a farm two