专四语法虚拟语气省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

1、第1页TEM4九大常考语法点：九大常考语法点：1.1.虚拟语气虚拟语气2.2.非谓语动词非谓语动词3.3.定语从句定语从句4.4.状语从句状语从句5.5.名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）6.6.情态动词情态动词7.7.反义疑问句反义疑问句8.8.时态时态9.9.一些特定功效词汇使用方法（一些特定功效词汇使用方法（much,more,such,much,more,such,anything but,enoughanything but,enough等）等）2第2页虚拟语气虚拟语气Subjunctive Mood3第3页虚拟语气概要：虚拟语气

2、概要：1.1.当代英语中有三种语气：当代英语中有三种语气：1）陈说语气（indicative mood）2）祈使语气（imperative mood）3）虚拟语气（subjunctive mood）2.定义：用来表示说话定义：用来表示说话不是事实不是事实，或者是或者是不可能不可能发生发生或可能性比较小可能性比较小情况，而是一个愿望，提情况，而是一个愿望，提议，假设语气叫虚拟语气。议，假设语气叫虚拟语气。4第4页3.专业四级考试语法与词汇部分每年最少有一道相关试题包括虚拟语气，平均下来到达每年1-2题，总计有24题。5年年份份0202 0303 0404 0505 0606 0707 0808

3、0909 1010 1111 1212 1313 1414 1515累计题题数数21334 42 21 11 11 11 11 12 21 11 12424第5页1.If I had HIV,I would know because I would feel sick.2.If I were you,I would give AIDS patient a hug.3.If I had taken your advice,I wouldnt have made a mistake.4.If he had been there,it wouldnt have happened.与现在事实相反与过去

4、事实相反看例句，总结虚拟语气结构看例句，总结虚拟语气结构第6页5.If it should rain tomorrow,they wouldnt go for an outing.6.I think we could do it,if we planned it properly.7.If we were to have three days off,we would enjoy a very happy life.与未来事实相反第7页虚拟条件句结构表虚拟条件句结构表8时间时间IfIf条件句条件句条件句条件句主句主句与现在事实相反与现在事实相反动词过去式(be为were)Would(shoul

5、d)+Would(should)+动词动词原形原形与过去事实相反与过去事实相反动词过去完成式(had+动词过去分词)Would(should,could,might)+have+动词过去分词与未来事实相反 1.动词过去式（be 为were）2.were+不定式3.should+动词原形Would(should,could,Would(should,could,might)+might)+动词原形动词原形第8页一一.考点分类考点分类-从句从句省略连词省略连词if虚拟语气虚拟语气真题举例及分析真题举例及分析例例1:Had Judy been more careful on the maths ex

6、am,she_ much better results now.（:52）A.would be gettingB.could have gotC.must get D.would getB注：注：省略省略if倒装，时态用过去完成时；主句时间副词倒装，时态用过去完成时；主句时间副词是是now，不过实际上该考试成绩已经出来了，所不过实际上该考试成绩已经出来了，所以用以用B。9第9页一一.考点分类考点分类-从句省略连词从句省略连词if虚拟语气虚拟语气真题举例及分析真题举例及分析例例2:_ you _ further problems with your printer,contact your de

7、aler for advice.（：63）A.If,had B.Have,hadC.Should,have D.in case,hadC10第10页一一.考点分类考点分类-从句从句省略连词省略连词if虚拟语气虚拟语气1.be动词动词were提到从句主语前面。提到从句主语前面。Were I you,I would take an umbrella with me.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened，should there be a sudden loud noise.11第11页一一.考点分类考点

8、分类-从句从句省略连词省略连词if虚拟语气虚拟语气2动词动词should/had提到从句主语前面。提到从句主语前面。Should I have time,I would call her.Had I known it,I have told youHad the damage been worse，the insurance company would have paid more.12第12页一一.考点分类考点分类-从句省略连词从句省略连词if虚拟语气虚拟语气练习：练习：1:_ right now,she would get there on Sunday A.Would she leave

9、B.If she leavesC.Were she to leave D.If she had leftC13第13页2:_ before we depart the day after tomorrow,we should have a wonderful dinner party A.Had they arrivedB.Would they arriveC.Were they arriving D.Were they to arriveD14第14页二二.考点分类考点分类-与过去事实相反虚拟语气与过去事实相反虚拟语气真题举例及分析真题举例及分析例例1：If you explained th

10、e situation to your solicitor,he _ able to advise you much better than I can.（:51）A.would beB.will have beenC.was D.wereA15第15页例例2：If only the patient_ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics,he might still be alive now.（:54）A.had received B.received C.should receive D.were receivingA

11、第16页二二.考点分类考点分类-与与过去事实相反过去事实相反虚拟语气虚拟语气结构：结构：17与过去事实相反与过去事实相反动词过去完成式(had+动词过去分词)Would(should,could,might)+have+动词过去分词第17页二二.考点分类考点分类-与与过去事实相反过去事实相反虚拟语气虚拟语气Examples:u If I had left a little earlier,I would have caught the train.u If I hadnt taken your advice,I would have made a bad mistake.u She would

12、 have come,if she hadnt been so busy.18第18页二二.考点分类考点分类-与过去事实相反虚拟语气与过去事实相反虚拟语气练习：练习：1.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _ quite such a crowd of people there.A.werent B.hasnt beenC.hadnt beenD.wouldnt beenC19第19页二二.考点分类考点分类-与过去事实相反虚拟语气与过去事实相反虚拟语气【补充】【补充】混合虚拟式混合虚拟式，或交织虚拟式：有时，从句，

13、或交织虚拟式：有时，从句动词所表示动作和主句动词所表示动作不一致，动词所表示动作和主句动词所表示动作不一致，这时就要使用混合虚拟式。这时就要使用混合虚拟式。*If I had taken my raincoat when I came out this morning,I would not be wet now.*If I were you,I wouldnt have missed the film last night.20第20页三三.考点分类考点分类-It is(high,about,the)time真题举例及分析真题举例及分析例例1：-“What courses are you g

14、oing to do next semester?”-“I dont know.But its about time _ on something.”（：51）A.Id decide B.I decidedC.I decide D.Im deciding21第21页例例2：That was not the first time he _ us.I think its high time we _ strong actions against him.(：60)A.betrayed；take B.had betrayed；tookC.has betrayed；took D.has betraye

15、d；takeB注意：当句子里面有序数词（注意：当句子里面有序数词（first/second/third.）,副词副词only或最高级或最高级best/worst/most时候，后面定语从句要用完成时时候，后面定语从句要用完成时态。如，态。如，This is one of the most interesting books Ive ever read.22第22页三三.考点分类考点分类-结构结构“It is(high,about,the)time.”中虚拟语气中虚拟语气 在句型在句型“It is(high,about,the)time.”虚拟语气虚拟语气中谓语动词通惯用中谓语动词通惯用过去式过

16、去式或者或者should+V.指现在或未来情况，表示指现在或未来情况，表示“早该做某事了早该做某事了”。23第23页三三.考点分类考点分类-结构结构“It is(high,about,the)time.”中虚拟语气中虚拟语气Its the time the children learned how to behave properly.Its about time people took notice of what women did during the war.24第24页练习练习：1.Its high time we _ cutting down the rainforests.A.s

17、topped B.had to stopC.shall stopD.stopA25第25页真题举例及分析真题举例及分析例例1：It is imperative that students _ their term papers on time.(:46)A.hand in B.would hand in C.have to hand inD.handed inA四四.考点分类考点分类-几个惯用几个惯用“（should）+动动词原形词原形”表示虚拟语气结构表示虚拟语气结构26第26页例例2：Which of the following sentence contains subjunctive

18、mood.(:54)A.Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 oclock.B.She used to drive to work,but now she takes the city metro.C.Walk straight ahead,and dont turn till the second traffic lights.D.Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.A27第27页1 1表示主观判断、推测和表示表示主观判断、推测和表示命令、决定、要求

19、、提命令、决定、要求、提议议之类词相关从句中。之类词相关从句中。一个坚持：一个坚持：insistinsist两个命令：两个命令：order,command order,command 三个提议：三个提议：advise,suggest,proposeadvise,suggest,propose五个要求：五个要求：demand,require,request,desiredemand,require,request,desire，askask除此，还有除此，还有begbeg（请求），（请求），consentconsent（同意），（同意），determinedetermine（决意），（决意），d

20、ecidedecide（决定），（决定），deservedeserve（值得（值得提起），提起），expectexpect（期望），（期望），intendintend（打算），（打算），maintainmaintain（主张），（主张），movemove（移动），（移动），orderorder（命令），（命令），preferprefer（情愿），（情愿），recommendrecommend（劝说），（劝说），resolveresolve（决意），（决意），urgeurge（极力主张），（极力主张），votevote（提议）（提议）。四四.考点分类考点分类-几个惯用几个惯用“（should）+

21、动动词原形词原形”表示虚拟语气结构表示虚拟语气结构28第28页(a)宾语从宾语从句句：(b)He suggested that we(should）take notes while listening to the lecture.(c)In the past men generally preferred that their wives(should)work in the home.29第29页(b)部分上述动词名词形式同位语从句部分上述动词名词形式同位语从句：（包含：（包含necessity必要性，必要性，pray哀求，哀求，preference偏爱，偏爱，plan计划，计划，idea

22、主意等）主意等）He put forward the suggestion that we（should）take notes while listening to the lecture.This is their resolution that extra-curriculum activities be made part of their school life30第30页(c)部分上述动词名词形式表语从句部分上述动词名词形式表语从句：His suggestion was that we（should）take notes while listening to the lecture.

23、31第31页(d)部分上述动词名词形式部分上述动词名词形式主语从句主语从句：（另：（另:It is arranged that）It was suggested that we（should）take notes while listening to the lecture.It was arranged that they（should）leave the following week32第32页2“It is形容形容词词+that从从句句”结构结构中中。这这些形容些形容词词分分别为别为：advisable（适（适当当），），adamant（坚坚定不移），定不移），appropriate（适

24、（适当当），），better（很好），（很好），desirable（向往），（向往），essential（必要），（必要），imperative（迫切），（迫切），Important（主要），（主要），insistent（坚坚定），定），incredible（难难以置信），以置信），keen（渴望），（渴望），natural（自（自然），然），necessary（必要），（必要），obligatory（要求），（要求），possible（可能），（可能），preferable（更可取），（更可取），probable（可能），（可能），strange（奇怪），（奇怪），urgent（紧紧迫），迫

25、），vital（极极其主要）。其主要）。33第33页例句：例句：It is desirable that the agreement be signed before MayI dont think it advisable that he(should)be assigned to the job since he has no experience at all.34第34页3“It is a pityshameno wonderones wishthat从句从句”结构中。如：结构中。如：It is a great pity that he should be so conceited.词

26、汇：词汇：conceit v.&n.自负自负、幻想、幻想conceive v.怀孕、构想怀孕、构想deceive v.坑骗、行骗坑骗、行骗35第35页4以以lest,in case,for fear that（以免）引导目标（以免）引导目标状语从句状语从句。如：。如：*You should exercise vigilance lest you should be killed.*Take your coat in case it（should）rain词汇：词汇：vigilance vidilns n.警戒，警觉警戒，警觉 36第36页真题举例及分析真题举例及分析例例3：The openin

27、g ceremony is a great occasion.It is essential _ for that.（,47）A.for us to be prepared B.that we are preparedC.of us to be prepared D.our being preparedA四四.考点分类考点分类-几个惯用几个惯用“（should）+动动词原形词原形”表示虚拟语气结构表示虚拟语气结构37第37页真题举例及分析真题举例及分析例例1：If it _ tomorrow,the match would be put off.（:63）A.was to rain B.wer

28、e to rainC.was rainingD.had rainedB五五.考点分类考点分类-与未来事实相反虚拟语气与未来事实相反虚拟语气38第38页If she were to marry Jack,she would be happyIf it should rain again,what else could I do？If it snowed tomorrow,I shouldwould stay at home.五五.考点分类考点分类-与未来事实相反虚拟语气与未来事实相反虚拟语气39第39页练习：练习：1.If your car _ any attention during the

29、first 12 months,take it to an authorized dealer.A.shall need B.should needC.would needD.will needBauthorized dealer：授权经销商；认可交易商：授权经销商；认可交易商五五.考点分类考点分类-与未来事实相反虚拟语气与未来事实相反虚拟语气40第40页六、几个特殊结构中虚拟语气使用方法；六、几个特殊结构中虚拟语气使用方法；1）wish+宾语从句宾语从句现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时(did/were)过去完成时(had done)would/could/might+V.shou

30、ld I wish I were a bird.(现在现在)I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.(过去过去)We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.(未来未来)第41页2）would rather that-现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：I would rather you paid me now.(现在现在)I would rather you had gone,too.(过去过去)Dont come.I would rather you came tomorrow.(未来未来)过去时过去时过去完成时第42页3）as

31、 if/though+从句从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时 He looks as if he were drunk.They talked as if they had been friends for years.She loves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems as if it were spring.I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.第43页4）without和和but for 组成虚拟。组成虚拟。(but for要不是要不是)Without s

32、unlight,peoples life would be different from today.But for your help,I wouldnt have finished the work.But for water,it would be impossible to live in the desert.第44页5）If only(要是要是就好了就好了)If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!要是我们父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我们父母

33、能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!第45页虚拟条件句结构表虚拟条件句结构表46时间时间IfIf条件句条件句条件句条件句主句主句与现在事实相反与现在事实相反动词过去式(be为were)Would(should)+Would(should)+动词动词原形原形与过去事实相反与过去事实相反动词过去完成式(had+动词过去分词)Would(should,could,might)+have+动词过去分词与未来事实相反 1.动词

34、过去式（be 为were）2.were+不定式3.should+动词原形Would(should,could,Would(should,could,might)+might)+动词原形动词原形第46页练习：1.Mary wishes her husband_(come)back a bit earlier from the office.Hes always late for diner.答案：came2.She says shed rather he _(leave)tomorrow instead of today.答案：left3.It is about time the police_

35、(do away with)gambling.答案：did away with4.Suppose/Supposing I _(do)what you asked.What would have become of be?答案：had done5.If only I _(can)get something to do.答案：could第47页 1.Our teacher suggested that each of us_(make)a study plan for the new term.答案：make2.If I _(be)in your place,I wouldnt accept her invitation.答案：were3._(she be)to leave tomorrow,she would arrive there next Monday.答案：Were she 4.She behaves as though she _(do)it better than us.答案：did5.Without your advice,I _(may get)into trouble.答案：Might have got第48页The EndThe EndThanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention!49第49页