2024届高考英语二轮专题复习：虚拟语气 导学案.docx

1、学习目标引导学生准确把握情态动词在虚拟语气之中的使用重点难点1.非真实条件状语从句虚拟语气和名词性从句的虚拟语气的用法2.非真实条件状语从句虚拟语气中的倒装，错综时间条件句和含蓄虚拟条件句的用法内容知识讲解英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。一、if条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟条件句虚拟情况主句从句与现在事实相反主语should/would/could/

2、mightdoif主语过去式(be用were)与过去事实相反主语should/would/could/mighthave doneif主语had过去分词与将来事实可能相反主语should/would/could/mightdoif主语过去式/were to do/shoulddoIf the new safety system had been put to use，the accident would never have happened.要是新的安全系统被投入使用的话，这起事故就不会发生了。We would be back in the hotel now if you didnt lo

3、se the map.如果你没有把地图丢了的话，我们现在就回到旅馆了。Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she were to live there，she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.格蕾丝不想搬到纽约，因为她认为如果住在那里，她就不能经常看到她的父母了。易错提醒(1)如果在表示虚拟语气的if从句中含有were，had或should，可将if省略，然后将were，had或should移至主语之前。(2)如果主句和从句是对不同时间的事实的虚拟，则

4、被称为错综虚拟语气。此时主句常有明显的时间状语。二、含蓄条件句的虚拟语气有时假设的条件不通过条件状语从句表达出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，或隐含在上下文中，这叫含蓄虚拟语气。常用的这类词或短语有：without(要是)没有；but for要不是；otherwise/or否则等。Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes. Otherwise, I wouldnt have been able to reach her yesterday.有，不然我昨天就联系不上她了。Many of the things we now benefit from would not

5、be around but for Thomas Edison.要不是托马斯爱迪生，我们现在从中受益的很多东西就不会存在。三、 虚拟语气在从句中的运用1在名词性从句中的运用(1)在表示要求、命令、建议、请求等动词后的宾语从句中，以及这些动词的名词形式后面的同位语或表语从句中的谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。常见的此类动词：一坚持(insist)、二命令(order，command)、三要求(require，demand，request)、四建议(suggest，advise，propose，recommend)。She suggested that Dale join the deba

6、ting team，believing that practice in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.她建议戴尔参加辩论队，她认为辩论队里的演讲练习会给予他所需要的信心和认可。He insisted that the problem (should) be discussed at the meeting.他执意要求在会上讨论这个问题。My desire is that we (should) not quarrel over such things again.我的希望是我们不再为

7、这样的事情争吵了。易错提醒(1)当suggest作“暗示，表明”，insist作“坚持认为”讲时，从句要用陈述语气。(2)在“It is/wasadj./donethat.”句型中，从句中的谓语动词用(should)动词原形。常见的形容词或过去分词有：important，necessary，strange，suggested，ordered，advised，requested，demanded 等。It is necessary that we (should) clean the room every day.It is required that middle school student

8、s (should) take at least one hours exercise every day.中学生被要求每天至少进行一个小时的锻炼。(3) wish后的宾语从句中的谓语可用一般过去时，had过去分词和could/might/would动词原形，分别表示与现在、过去相反的情况和与将来情况可能相反。I wish that I had met that film star yesterday.我希望昨天见到那个影星。Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I danced as well as her.埃伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一样好那

9、该有多好啊。(4) would rather所接的宾语从句中，从句的谓语如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，从句用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生过的动作，从句用过去完成时。We would rather our daughter stayed at home with us，but it is her choice，and she is not a child any longer.我们宁愿女儿待在家，陪在我们身边，但是选择权在她手上，毕竟她不再是个孩子了。2三个固定句式中的虚拟语气虚拟情况句式虚拟现在虚拟过去虚拟将来if only引导的条件句及感叹句过去式had过去分词would/could/mi

10、ght动词原形as if/though引导的表语从句及方式状语从句过去式had过去分词would/could/might动词原形It is (high) time that.过去式或should动词原形It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had done it?打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的似的？It is high time that we took/should take some measures to solve the problem.确实到了我们采取措施解决问题的时候了

11、。Look at the trouble we are in. If only we had taken our teachers advice！看看我们所处的困境，要是我们当初听从老师的建议该多好！易错提醒当as if/though引导的句子所叙述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句要用陈述语气。练习巩固一、单项选择1Left to itself, the place _ into a prosperous civilized communityAwas to growBwere to growCshould have grownDwould have grown2Im sure h

12、e is keeping something backId rather he _ me the truthAtellsBtoldChas toldDhad told3The current population of the plant _ fit into the state of Taxes, if Taxes were settled as thickly as New York CityAcouldBcanCwillDshould4The proposal Father made this morning did sound feasible _ every member of th

13、e family _ one-third of his or her income in case of emergencyAwhich, set aside Bthat, set aside Cwhich, sets asideDthat, sets aside5Without your encouragement and support, we _.Ashould not succeedBwould not succeedCwould have succeededDwould not have succeeded6Which of the following is Wrong?ABut f

14、or his help, I wouldnt have done such a wonderful job in English.BHis house, all the windows of which face south, enjoys great sunshine.CNot until the result turned out to be so serious that he realized his fault.DIt is at this moment that he made the most important decision in his life.7She said sh

15、e would have sent a car for me _ that I was arriving today.Aif it didnt slip her mind Bif it werent to slip her mindChad it not slipped her mind Dshouldnt it slipped her mind8The officer command that the wounded _ to hospital as soon as possible.Awould be sentBshould be sentCneed to sendDshould send

16、9_ to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I _ not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.AIf it were left wouldBShould it leave mustCWould it be left shouldDWas it left would10If God _everything in the world, the strange creatures i

17、n fossils _so many years before.Ahad created; shouldnt existBhad created; couldnt have existedCshould create; wouldnt existDcreated; wouldnt have existed11We the sunshine in Sanya now if it were not for the delay of our flight.Awere enjoyingBwould have enjoyedCwould be enjoyingDwill enjoy12I _ a ful

18、l mark in the last listening exam if I hadnt practiced it during the winter holiday.Adidnt got Bhadnt got Cwouldnt getDwouldnt have got13We would have called a taxi yesterday if Jim _ us a lift.Adidnt giveBwouldnt giveChasnt givenDhadnt given14This computer is of good quality. If it _ break down wit

19、hin the first three months, we would repair it at our expense.AwouldBwere toCcouldDmight15_ ten years younger, I would study abroad.AIf were IBI wereCWere IDWas I16Without your instruction, I _ such great progress.Acannot makeBwill not makeChad not madeDcould not have made17In the past, if someone l

20、ike me had failed to get into university through the college exam, he _ no chance of getting a degree.Awould haveBhadChad hadDwould have had18Would you mind if I _ the window?Not at all. In fact, I was going to suggest you _ it.Aopen; didBopened; to doCopen; doingDopened; do19If they had informed us, we _ here now.Awould not comeBwould have comeCwill not comeDmay not come20Where are the children? The school bus is leaving. I wish they _ always late.AarentBwerentCwouldnt beDhadnt been