广东省佛山市第六中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末质量检测考试英语试卷.docx

1、广东省佛山市第六中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末质量检测考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Embark on an exhilarating expedition across the ancient trade routes, commencing your 5-day odyssey from the heart of China to the vibrant lands of Central Asia.Day 1 in Turpan, China: Commence your journey in the oasis city of Turpan, where you will delve

2、 into the intricate Karez Well Systema testament to the ingenuity of ancient irrigation techniques that persist in their operational capacity to this day. As the sun sets on your inaugural day, retreat to the tranquility of a family-owned vineyard, where you can meander through the verdant vineyards

3、, engaging in conversations with the hospitable locals to gain insights into their customary way of life.Day 2 in Urumqi, China: With the first light of dawn, set forth from Turpan to the bustling metropolis of Urumqi, the political epicenter of Xinjiang. Post a nourishing breakfast, immerse yoursel

4、f in the cultural tapestry of the Xinjiang Museum, a treasure trove of diverse artworks, meticulously crafted handiworks, and historical artifacts. As you prepare to wing your way to Kashgar, seize the opportunity to amble through the vibrant Erdaoqiao Market, the most expansive marketplace in Xinji

5、ang, teeming with a medley of goods.Day 3 in Kashgar, China: Devote this day to the leisurely exploration of Kashgar, commencing with a visit to the bustling Handicrafts Street, a cornucopia of artisanal treasures ranging from copper wares to metal and porcelain masterpieces. Pause for refreshment i

6、n a time-honored teahouse, where you can mingle with the convivial community, partaking in their animated dialogues and spirited dances. As the day draws to a close, retire to your lodgings for a rejuvenating nights rest in anticipation of the forthcoming voyage to Osh.Day 4 in Osh, Kyrgyzstan: Upon

7、 reaching the second city of Kyrgyzstan, Osh, immerse yourself in the National Historical and Archaeological Museum Complex, a repository of cultural artifacts, handiworks, and sculptures that narrate the regions storied past. Subsequently, venture to the Jayma Bazaar, the most expansive marketplace

8、 in Central Asia, whose origins are rooted in the bygone era of the Silk Road. Should your interest lie in the silken threads of history, inquire of your guide to lead you to the Yodgorlik Silk Factory, a sanctuary where the age-old manual silk-making process is preserved.Day 5 in Ashgabat, Turkmeni

9、stan: Conclude your journey with a serene morning train excursion, culminating in your arrival at Ashgabat, the capital of Turkmenistan. Dedicate the day to the exploration of the Parthian Fortresses of Nisa, a pivotal city from the Parthian Empires early annals. As evening descends, return to the c

10、ity to savor a meal and embark on an evening sojourn to the Ashgabat National Museum of History, where the chronicles of the nation are enshrined.1On which day can a tourist have a tea-tasting experience?ADay 1.BDay 2.CDay 3.DDay 4.2What does the tour in Urumqi and Osh have in common?AStaying at a l

11、ocal farm.BShopping at a market.CVisiting an ancient city.DDancing with local people.3Where can a tourist visit a museum in the evening?ATurpan.BKashgar.COsh.DAshgabat.The concept of a space elevator, while once confined to the realm of science fiction, is gaining traction as a potential reality wit

12、hin the next few decades. This belief is not unfounded, but rather stems from the ongoing advancements in aerospace engineering and materials science.As an aerospace engineer and a physics professor, the allure of a space elevatora colossal cable extending from Earths surface into space, facilitatin

13、g the transportation of both people and cargoremains a compelling subject of study. In recent years, innovative approaches to design and engineering have surfaced, providing new insights into the feasibility and functionality of space elevators.The rationale for constructing a space elevator is mult

14、ifaceted. Firstly, it presents a significant opportunity for energy and cost efficiency, offering a more practical alternative to traditional rocket-based space travel. The economic and environmental benefits are substantial, as the space elevator would reduce the need for fuel-intensive rocket laun

15、ches.Secondly, the space elevator would revolutionize accessibility to space. The term space mission could evolve into transit, reflecting the routine and weather-independent nature of space travel. This shift would not only make space travel safer for astronauts, mitigating the risks associated wit

16、h rocket launches, but also open up the cosmos to a broader range of individuals and purposes.Moreover, the space elevator acts as a gateway to the solar system. By releasing a payload at different points along the elevator, one could achieve orbit around Earth or the sun, depending on the release p

17、oint, all without the need for propulsion.While it may seem that I am an advocate for the space elevator, my true passion lies in the study of its mechanics and the potential it holds for our future. In a world facing numerous challenges, the pursuit of such ambitious projects allows us to dream of

18、a time when humanity becomes responsible stewards of our planet, reaching for the stars while preserving our home.4Whats the function of Paragraph 1?ATo introduce the topic.BTo set a background.CTo make a comparison.DTo give an example.5What does the underlined phrase tinker with mean in Paragraph 3

19、?AAbandon.BImprove.CEstablish.DDiscuss.6What is the purpose of building a space elevator?ATo please science fiction fans.BTo promote space tourism.CTo protect astronauts safety.DTo make space travel easier.7What is the authors attitude towards space elevators?AUnclear.BDoubtful.COptimistic.DDismissi

20、ve.We are currently experiencing an unprecedented era in the realm of space exploration, marked by a surge in the retrieval and study of celestial samples. This “golden age” is characterized by the active efforts of global space agencies to gather and analyze material from various celestial bodies,

21、including asteroids, moons, and planets.Chinas Change 5 mission stands out as a recent triumph in this endeavor. On December 17, the Change 5 lunar probe successfully concluded its journey by landing in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, as reported by China Daily. This mission, the first lunar s

22、ample-return endeavor since 1976, managed to secure an impressive 1,713 grams of lunar rocks and dust, utilizing advanced drilling technology and robotic arms.Similarly, on December 6, Japans Hayabusa 2 probe achieved a remarkable feat by returning a capsule filled with samples from the asteroid Ryu

23、gu. This marks the second instance of asteroid samples being collected and brought back to Earth, following the original Hayabusa spacecrafts accomplishment in 2010.The momentum in this field is set to continue, with NASAs OSIRIS-REx spacecraft anticipated to return to Earth in 2023, carrying sample

24、s from the asteroid Bennu. Additionally, Russias Lunar-25 mission is poised to launch in 2021, with the objective of collecting lunar samples.The significance of these sample-return missions cannot be overstated. They hold the potential to shed light on long-standing mysteries that have baffled scie

25、ntists, such as the origins of life and the emergence of water on Earth. As Ann Nguyen, a NASA planetary scientist, emphasizes, “I cannot emphasize enough how valuable return samples are for increasing our understanding of the origin and evolution of our solar system and our place in the universe, a

26、nd how we came to be.”Upon arrival on Earth, these celestial samples undergo meticulous analysis using sophisticated instruments. These analyses can yield more detailed insights than what can be gleaned from photographs or robotic rovers alone.In the case of the Change 5 lunar samples, scientists wi

27、ll employ a variety of analytical methods, tests, and experiments to determine the composition, structure, and physical properties of the lunar material. This comprehensive understanding will contribute to a deeper comprehension of the moons history and, by extension, the broader history of our sola

28、r system.Though we have only begun to explore the surface of these celestial bodies, both in a literal and figurative sense, the knowledge we have gained is already substantial. The journey of discovery is far from over, with a wealth of mysteries still waiting to be unveiled.8What do we know about

29、the Change 5 lunar probe?AIt was launched on Dec 17.BIt collected the worlds first lunar sample.CIt brought back 1,713 grams of lunar samples.DIt completed the most successful mission recently.9Which of the following collected the first asteroid samples?AHayabusa.BHayabusa 2.COSIRIS-REx.DRussias Lun

30、ar-25.10What can the samples shed light on (阐明)?AThe origin of life.BStructure of the solar system.CWhich celestial bodies have water.DHow water first appeared on the moon.11What will scientists do with the samples?AAnalyze them and conduct experiments.BDetermine their sources.CCompare them with spa

31、ce photos.DScratch their surfaces.Within the cinematic universe of “The Martian,” Matt Damon embodies the role of an astronaut who cultivates sustenance on the Martian terrain, a testament to human ingenuity in the face of isolation on the crimson celestial sphere.Following their cinematic enlighten

32、ment, Michael Allen, a physicist hailing from Washington State University, and Helen Joyner, a food scientist from the University of Idaho, resolved to initiate a pedagogical exploration. They devised an instructive scenario aimed at guiding students through the complex process of agricultural endea

33、vor on the Martian surface. Envisioning themselves as interplanetary miners, students are tasked with devising a strategy for sustenance prior to embarking on their extraterrestrial expedition. Allen and Joyner proffer a proposal outlining the selection of crops and the enduring trials of cultivatin

34、g them in the Martian environment over extended periods. Utilizing a scoring mechanism, students are challenged to identify and propagate three varieties of nourishment on the Martian terrain.Allen encountered a remarkable diversity in outcomes: among a cohort of thirty students, “there has not been

35、 a single instance of identical responses,” he remarked.Future Martian voyagers will, in all likelihood, be compelled to harness the native resources of the planet rather than transporting all necessities aboard a spacecraft. This implies the necessity of cultivating their own nourishment on an extr

36、aterrestrial sphere, one that boasts an ecosystem markedly divergent from that of Earth.One formidable impediment for prospective Martian habitus is the absence of agricultural implements. In congruence with actual astronauts, student participants in the study are precluded from amassing an extensiv

37、e array of farming tools. As Joyner articulated to his student space explorers, “You commence your journey with a vacuum of resources.”Furthermore, students are confronted with the predicament of a severely restricted dietary selection. “Could I endure a diet confined to a single sustenance for the

38、entirety of my existence?” posed Joyner.Nevertheless, Allen perceives the case study as transcending the realms of agriculture and nutrition on the Red Planet.“I am not imparting knowledge solely on the cultivation of food on Mars,” Allen declared. “I am imparting knowledge on coexistence with choic

39、es. I am imparting knowledge on the resolution of complex issues.”12In the case study, students have to _.Awatch the movie to know the conditions on MarsBdecide which crop to grow on Mars with the help of the teachersCdesign different types of diets on Mars for them to chooseDunderstand how to farm

40、on Mars with their favorite farming tools13The underlined word “proposal” in the second paragraph can be replaced by _ .AexplorationBrecommendationCadventureDmovement14Michael Allen thinks that the case study _ .Aincreases students knowledge about farmingBhelps student know more about MarsCdevelops

41、students skills of solving problemsDteaches students how to make proper choices15The passage is mainly intended _.Ato describe a research on how to farm on MarsBto prepare us to deal with problems on MarsCto teach us how to survive on Mars aloneDto introduce a Hollywood movie, The MartianGardening 3

42、80 Kilometers above EarthAstronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants.Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isnt a new idea. As space

43、 trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. 16 Because of this, its not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away.Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things. 17 Also, plants can help to ma

44、ke air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraft the only air the astronauts can breathe. 18 Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are neede

45、d to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots dont “know” to grow down, leaves dont “know” to grow up, and water doesnt easily travel up the roots to the leaves. 19 Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (胶) are used to help plant growth.Scientists are also working on

46、the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. 20 Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. S

47、imilarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. With the worlds population now at seven billion (十亿) people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions.AEvery plant grown in space must have several uses.BHowever, there are challenges

48、with growing plants in space.CSuch methods may result in improvements back here on Earth.DThe cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram.ESpecialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly.FAstronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods.GCurrently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks and then caught again so it can be reused.二、完形填空When I was a young boy I was in a poor neighborhood as a foster (领养) child