Unit 2 教学•知识细解码 同步教材讲解（新教材）牛津译林版（2020）高中英语必修一.doc

1、1/11 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词 1argue vi.争吵，争辩，争论 vt.说理，论证argument n争吵，争论；论 点 2anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的，渴望的anxiety n担心；焦 虑；渴望 3anger n怒气，怒火angry adj.生气的；恼火的 4concern n担心，忧虑；关心 vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧concerned adj.担 心的；忧虑的 5edit v编辑editor n主编，编辑；剪辑师edition n版(本)；版次 1shoot vt.&vi.(使朝某方向)冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影，拍摄 Smith killed his

2、 wife，and then shot himself. 射杀 The movie was shot in New Zealand. 拍摄 They had almost reached the boat when a figure shot past them. (使朝某方向)冲，奔 2spot n粉刺，脓包；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 She was wearing a black skirt with white spots. 斑点 His jacket was covered with spots of mud. 污渍 The babys whole body was covered in

3、 small red spots. 粉刺，脓包 He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him. 地点，场所 3view n&vt.看法；视线；景色；把视为；观看 This evidence supports the view that there is too much violence on television. 看法 The sun disappeared from view. 视线 The view from the top of the tower was wonderful. 景色 The law s

4、hould be viewed as a way of meeting certain social goals. 2/11 把视为 Words And Phrases 知识要点1 anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的 (教材 P16) You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends，shooting up in height or getting left far behind. 你可能会感到焦虑，因为你正在以不同于你的朋友的速度成长，或在身高上 突飞猛进，

5、或者远远落在后面。 例 1 He was a bit anxious about the safety of the machinery. 他有点担心机器的安全性。 例 2 She was anxious that it might be cancer. 她担心可能是癌症。 造句 我们为你担心。 We were anxious for you. 归纳拓展 (1)be anxious for/about(be worried/concerned about) 为担心/担忧 be anxious for(be eager for/be keen on) 渴望 be anxious (for sb.

6、) to do sth. 渴望(某人)做 be anxious that. 渴望(从句谓语用 should do， should 可以省略) (2)anxiously adv. 焦躁地；急切地 (3)anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望 即学即练 单句语法填空 We were anxious for everyone to know (know) the truth. We waited with anxiety (anxious) for the news of her safe arrival. She is anxious about not passing(pass) the Col

7、lege Entrance Exam. More and more people are anxious(anxiety) for the quality of the air. 知识要点2 target n(攻击)目标，对象；靶子 vt.把 作为攻击目标；面 3/11 向 (教材 P16) When it all gets too much，your parents are often the first targets of your anger. 当这一切让你不堪重负时，父母常常会成为你发泄愤怒的首选目标。 例 1 There is no target date for completi

8、on of the new project. 这个新的项目何时完工没有预定日期。 例 2 Higher degrees in English are a target for foreign students. 获得英语高等学位是外国学生的目标。 造句 该地区成了发展超市的首选之地。 The area has become a prime target for supermarket development. 归纳拓展 (1)set a target 设定目标 aim at the target 瞄准目标 hit/miss the target 中/脱靶 (2)target sth.on/at

9、 把对准 be targeted on/at 以为目标；把对准；旨在 即学即练 单句语法填空 Set yourself targets (target) that you can reasonably hope to achieve. This TV show is mainly targeted(target) on the young. To hit the target，you have to aim at it. We were still right on target for our deadline. 知识要点3 struggle n& vi.斗争；拼搏；努力 (教材 P17)

10、On the other hand，when you are struggling to control your feelings，you wish they could be more caring and patientsometimes they forget that growing up is a rough ride. 另一方面，当你努力想控制自己的情感时，你希望他们能更加体贴，更有耐 心有时候他们忘记了成长是一个艰难的过程。 例 1 The company is struggling to find buyers for its new product. 这个公司正竭力为它的新

11、产品寻找买主。 例 2 One in five young adults was struggling with everyday mathematics. 4/11 每 5 个年轻人中就有一个做日常的数学计算很费劲。 造句 她独自一人艰难地养活一家人。 Shes struggling to bring up a family alone. 归纳拓展 struggle against/with sb./sth. 同做斗争；与抗争 struggle for sth. 为而斗争 struggle to do sth. 努力去做某事；挣扎着做某事 struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站

12、起来 即学即练 单句语法填空 They had to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties. I could see the young boy struggling(struggle) to free himself. The young man struggled to his feet to fight against the robber. He has been struggling for success in his business. 知识要点4 calm vt.使平静；使镇定；adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的 (教材 P

13、17) When you disagree with your parents，take a minute to calm down and try to understand the situation from their point of view. 当你不同意父母的观点时，花点时间冷静下来，试着从他们的角度来理解当 前的情况。 例 1 It is important to keep calm in an emergency. 情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。 例 2 Tuesday was a fine，clear and calm day. 星期二是晴空万里、风和日丽的一天。 造句

14、 试着保持冷静，告诉我发生了什么。 Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened. 归纳拓展 (1)calm down 平静下来；镇静下来 calm sb.down 使某人平静下来 (2)stay/remain/keep calm 保持镇静 (3)calmly adv. 平静地；镇静地；沉着地 5/11 即学即练 单句语法填空 We waited inside until things calmed down He took a few deep breaths to calm(calm) himself down. She gazed cal

15、mly(calm)back at the queen. If I feel anxious，I know what to do to calm myself(me) down. 知识要点5 concern n担心；关心 vt.使担忧；涉及；关系到 (教材 P17) After you have thought it through，explain your actions and feelings calmly，listen carefully，and address their concerns. 在你全面考虑之后，冷静地解释你的行为和感受，仔细倾听，并设法消除他 们的顾虑。 例 1 Thi

16、s chapter concerns itself with the historical background. 本章旨在讲述历史背景。 例 2 She hasnt been seen for four days and there is concern for her safety. 她已四天不见踪影，大家对她的安全很担心。 造句 在生命最后的日子里，诗人表达了她对父亲的关切。 In her last days the poet expressed concern for her father. 归纳拓展 (1)show concern for. 对关切；关心 (2)It concerns

17、/concerned sb.that. 令某人担忧的是 (3)concerned adj. 担心的；关注的 as/so far as.be concerned 关于；至于；就而言 be concerned about/for 关心；担忧；挂念 be concerned with sth. 牵涉到；与有关 (4) concerning prep. 关于；就而言 即学即练 单句语法填空 As far as the space technology is concerned(concern)，China ranks third in the world. He asked several quest

18、ions concerning(concern) the future of the company. More and more people show great concern for road safety. 6/11 What concerns(concern) me is our lack of preparation for the change. 小片段助记 As far as Im concerned，the public are showing more and more concern for education.So the books concerning acade

19、mics are popular with them.But it concerns me that the health of the young are in bad condition now，which is concerned about as well. 知识要点6 stress n精神压力；紧张；强调；vt.加压力于；着重；强调 (教材 P17) Just remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress that parent- child tensions create，and that you

20、 and your parents can work together to improve your relationship. 只要记住，无法轻松应对亲子关系紧张带来的压力是完全正常的，并且你和 父母可以共同努力，改善关系。 例 1 It was undertaken under the stress of desperation. 那是在绝望的迫使下做出的一种反应。 例 2 In the meeting，they laid stress on the importance of reducing pollution. 在大会上，他们强调了减少污染的重要性。 造句 失业及妻子的健康问题使他

21、处于巨大的压力中。 Unemployment and his wifes health put him under great stress. 归纳拓展 (1)lay/place stress on 强调；着重于 under the stress of 在压力下；为所迫 be under stress 处于压力之下 (2)stress the importance of. 强调的重要性 (3)stressful adj. 压力重的；有压力的 即学即练 单句语法填空 To my excitement，my new job is much less stressful(stress) It mus

22、t be stressed(stress) that this disease is very rare. He stressed the importance of a good education. When we are under stress our bodies tend to tense up. 小片段助记 7/11 Stress is a state of being upset when we are under stress for a long time，and nobody likes being placed stress on by others，for too m

23、uch stress can make us sick.As a student，my daily life is usually stressful，so parents dont stress the importance of learning to us any more.We should be relaxed instead. 知识要点7 argue vi.争吵，争辩，争论 vt.说理，论证 (教材 P19) Recently we have argued with each other a great deal. 最近我们之间经常争吵。 例 1 Do you often argu

24、e with your wife about which TV programme to watch? 你经常为看哪个电视节目与妻子争论吗？ 例 2 Woolfs report argued for an improvement in prison conditions. 伍尔夫的报告主张改善监狱条件。 造句 我们总是为钱吵嘴。 Were always arguing with each other about money. 归纳拓展 (1)argue with sb.(about/over sth.) (就某事)与某人争(辩)论 argue for/against sth. 据理赞成/反对

25、argue sb.into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 argue sb.out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事 (2)argument n. 争吵，争论，论点 即学即练 单句语法填空 We had an argument(argue) with the waiter about the bill. They are arguing over/about foreign policy. The report argues against/for tax increases. I argued her out of going(go) on such a dangerou

26、s journey. Sentence Patterns 重点句式1 “Itben.to do.” ”句式 (教材 P16) It can be a big headache to balance your developing mental needs too. 平衡你不断发展的心理需求也会是一件很头疼的事情。 8/11 句式分析：“It is/wasn./adj.to do”为常用句型。其中 it 为形式主语，to do 为真正的主语。 例 1 It is a pleasure to have a talk with such a kind man. 与这么好的一个人交谈是令人快乐的事。

27、例 2 It is difficult to get there before dark. 天黑以前赶到那里很困难。 造句 早起会更好。 It is better to get up early. 归纳拓展 it 作形式主语而从句是真正主语的常见句式： It is a pity/surprise/wonder that. It is likely/surprising/interesting that. It is said/believed/reported that. 翻译 1 Its a wonder(难怪)that more people werent hurt. 翻译 2 It is

28、 a pity(遗憾的是)that you didnt attend the lecture yesterday. 即学即练 单句语法填空 It is clear that the chosen pattern is not the correct one. It is necessary for you to train(train) yourself before the walk. It is not a good habit to stay(stay) up too late. It is doubtful that this method is more scientific. 重点

29、句式2 动名词短语作主语 (教材 P17) On the other hand， when you are struggling to control your feelings， you wish they could be more caring and patientsometimes they forget that growing up is a rough ride. 另一方面，当你努力想控制自己的情感时，你希望他们能更加体贴，更有耐 心有时候他们忘记了成长是一个艰难的过程。 句式分析：句中 growing up 为动名词短语作主语。动词- ing 形式作主语表示 抽象的或泛指的动

30、作，谓语动词用单数。 例 1 Studying abroad can be a good experience. 留学是一种很好的经历。 9/11 例 2 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 造句 在公共场合做演讲真是一个挑战。 Making a speech in public is really a challenge. 归纳拓展 (1)动名词的主动形式：doing； (2)动名词的被动形式：being done； (3)动名词具有动词与名词的性质，在句中可充当主语、宾语或表语。动名 词作主语时，有时用 it 作形式主语，而把动名词、短语后置，常见结构有： It is n

31、o use doing sth. 做某事没用。 It is no good doing sth. 做某事没有好处。 It is a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间。 翻译 1 Learning English well (学好英语)is really a challenge for him. 翻译 2 Im afraid of going to the dentist(去看牙医) 即学即练 单句语法填空 Her not coming(come) made her parents worried a lot. Its no use arguing(argue)

32、 with him，for hes so stupid. Working with them is a pleasure. Ignoring(ignore) the differences between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. 1(教材 P17) On the other hand，when you are struggling to control your feelings，you wish they could be more caring and patientsome

33、times they forget that growing up is a rough ride. 分析 本句是一个主从复合句。when you are struggling to control your feelings 为 when 引导的时间状语从句，主句 you wish 后是省略了 that 的宾语从 句，动词 forget 后的 that 从句为另外一个宾语从句。 译文 另一方面， 当你努力想控制自己的情感时， 你希望他们能更加体贴， 更有耐心有时候他们忘记了成长是一个艰难的过程。 2 (教材P17)Just remember that it is completely nor

34、mal to struggle with the stress 10/11 that parent- child tensions create，and that you and your parents can work together to improve your relationship. 分析 本句为祈使句，动词 remember 后接两个 that 引导的宾语从句，第 一个宾语从句中 that parent- child tensions create 为定语从句，修饰先行词 the stress。 译文 只要记住，无法轻松应对亲子关系紧张带来的压力是完全正常的， 并且你和父母可

35、以共同努力，改善关系。 教材 高考 1.When you disagree with your parents，take a minute to clam down and try to understand the situation from their point of view. (2019 全国卷)This view is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as climbers go through five ecosystems(生态 系统) in the space of a few kilometers. 2.After you have t

36、hought it through，explain your actions and feelings calmly ， listen carefully，and address their concerns. (2019 江 苏 卷 )He felt concerned about his illness. 3.Just remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress that parent child tensions create. (2019 全 国 卷 )The stress from working

37、 overtime. .单句语法填空 1These workers struggled for better working conditions. 2“Ill call the doctor”，he said calmly(calm) 3I was concerned(concern) that I was not protected and would get sunburned. 4He had to continue to learn something to equip himself under the stress of losing a job. 5The lawyer was

38、 so kind that he argued for the poor man. 6Residents are anxiously(anxious) waiting a decision. 7She has a strong thirst for knowledge. 11/11 8The president was shot (shoot) in the head and died on the spot. 9The programme is targeted at improving (improve) the health of women of all ages. .短语填空 see

39、 eye to eye with sb.(on sth.)； shoot up； keep the peace； calm down； from sb.s point of view；think sth.through；back down；on the other hand 1At last the wild wind calmed down 2I wish I could bring you to see the situation from my point of view 3You must always think a problem through before acting. 4F

40、aced with our evidence，the other side had to back down 5On the one hand this job doesnt pay very much，but on the other hand I cant get another one. 6We see eye to eye with each other on this. 7That boy has shot up since we last saw him. 8The peace- keeping troops try to keep the peace of that place.

41、 .课文语法填空 In the family，heated arguments and cold silences 1.are(be) very common between 2.teenagers(teenager) and parents.Such family tensions are often caused by teenagers 3.painful(pain) physical changes，such as 4.changing(change) voice and weight problems.Besides，it can be 5.a big headache to bal

42、ance teenagers developing mental needs.However ， teenagers can take action 6.to improve(improve) the situation，for example，they can communicate with their parents 7.regularly(regular) and honestly.Through such healthy communication，teenagers can learn 8.when to back down and when to ask parents to relax their control.In fact， 9.it is quite normal to struggle with the stress that parentchild tensions create.The stormy period will not last long and everything 10.will turn(turn) out all right in the end.