2020新牛津译林版高一英语必修第一册Unit3 Getting along with others词汇趣味讲解（新教材）.doc

1、 第 1 页 共 28 页 译林版高一必修第一册译林版高一必修第一册 Unit3 Getting along with others 词汇趣味讲解词汇趣味讲解(新教材新教材) on the rocks （关系）陷于困境，濒临崩溃，加冰块的 Friendship on the rock: please advise! Our film industry is on the rocks. 我们的电影业困难重重。 Our accountant says the business is on the rocks. 我们的会计说公司业务举步维艰。 He always drinks whiskey on

2、the rocks. 他总喝加冰的威士忌。 awkward adj. 局促不安的，令人尴尬的，难对付的，笨拙的 When I was an awkward primary school student, she was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me. I was the first to ask him awkward questions but there will be harder ones to come.我是第一个向他提出尴尬问题的人，不过 还会有人问更难回答的问题。 It was small but

3、 heavy enough to make it awkward to carry . 它虽然小，但很重，不便携带。 Im always being told off for being so awkward. 我笨手笨脚的，总挨训。 awkwardly adv. 笨拙地，不雅观地，无技巧地 awkwardness n. 笨拙，粗劣，难为情，尴尬 sight n. 视野，视力，看见 The disease has affected her sight. 这种病影响了她的视力。 The soldiers were given orders to shoot on sight. 士兵得到命令，见人

4、就射击。 The bird is now a rare sight in this country. 如今在这个国家，这种鸟已罕见了。 sights n. 风景，名胜 Were going to Paris for the weekend to see the sights . 我们打算去巴黎过周末，参观那里的名胜。 第 2 页 共 28 页 out of ones sight 脱离某人的视线 Whether were walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, were hardly out of

5、 each others sight. She never lets her daughter out of her sight. 她从来不让女儿走出她的视线。 in/within sight 在视野内，看得见 at the sight of 一看见. come into sight 开始看见，进入眼帘 catch sight of 看见 lose sight of 看不见 A bicycle came into sight on the main road. 大路上出现了一辆自行车。 I faint at the sight of blood. 我一见到血就晕。 Every time I c

6、atch sight of myself in the mirror, I feel so disappointed. 每次我瞥见镜子里的自己就觉得沮丧。 The sandy beach was in sight. 沙滩映入眼帘。 original adj. 起初的，独创的，原作的，原来的，首创的 Our original plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon. The room still has many of its original features. 房间还保留着当初的许多特点。 The original manusc

7、ript has been lost. 原稿已经遗失。 originally adv. 原来，起初 origin n. 起源，源头，起因，身世 originate v. 起源，发源，发端于 The school was originally very small. 这所学校当初很小。 The origin of the word remains obscure. 该词的来源尚不清楚。 The disease originated in Africa. 这种病源于非洲。 第 3 页 共 28 页 medium (pl. media) n. 传播信息的媒介，方法，手段，工具 adj. 中等的，中号

8、的 There are three sizessmall, medium and large. 有三种尺寸小号、中号和大号。 Television is the modern medium of communication . 电视是现代传媒。 Video is a good medium for learning a foreign language. 录像是一种学习外语的好方法。 social media 社交媒体 But in the morning, my friend posted a message on social media saying she had a cold. ma

9、ke it 能够出席，准时到达，获得成功 When I called her, she said she might not be able to make it to the cinema. I believe I have the talent to make it. 我相信自己有成功的天分。 Well, Im glad you could make it. I didnt want you to miss out. 嗯，很高兴你赶来了，我可不希望你错过机会。 Youre brave and courageous. You can make it. 你勇敢无畏，一定会获得成功。 horri

10、ble adj. 令人震惊的，可恶的，极坏的，恐怖的 Today, however, I received a horrible surprise. The coffee tasted horrible.这种咖啡难喝极了。 This is a horrible monster. 这是一个可怕的怪物。 Ive got a horrible feeling she lied to us. 我感觉到很不愉快，她对我们说了谎。 第 4 页 共 28 页 chat v./n. 聊天，闲聊 过去式：chatted 过去分词：chatted 现在分词：chatting chat with sb 与某人聊天

11、chat about 闲聊. have a chat with sb about sth 与某人闲聊某事 Hes been on the computer all morning, chatting with his friends. 他整个上午都在上网和朋友聊天。 We chatted about old times. 我们聊到过去的时光。 I had a long chat with her when I went by her house this morning. 今天早上我顺便去她家看她时，同她谈了好一会儿。 He had once had his own networked cha

12、t show. 他曾经拥有自己的电视联播访谈节目。 caf 咖啡馆，小餐馆 A classmate told me she had seen my friend chatting with another girl in a caf on Saturday afternoon. I went and sat in a cafe and watched the passers-by. 我走进一家咖啡馆坐下，望着来往的路人。 recover vi. 恢复健康，恢复常态 vt. 全额收回，寻回，重新获得，恢复，重新控制 Instead of recovering at home, she was o

13、ut having fun with someone else. recover from 从.中恢复过来 recover oneself 镇定下来 Hes still recovering from his operation. 手术后，他仍在恢复之中。 It can take many years to recover from the death of a loved one. 从失去亲人的痛苦中恢复过来可能要花很多年。 The police eventually recovered the stolen paintings. 警方最终追回了失窃的油画。 recovery n. 恢复，复

14、苏，痊愈 make a recovery from 从.中恢复过来 第 5 页 共 28 页 He made a remarkable recovery from a shin injury. 他的胫骨伤恢复得相当不错。 The economy is showing signs of recovery. 经济呈现出复苏的迹象。 respond v. 回答，回应，作出反应，响应 I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day, and I still dont feel like responding to any of her o

15、nline messages. respond to.(with sth) （以.）对.作出回应 respond that 回答说. She never responded to my letter. 她从来没给我回过信。 The army responded with gunfire and tear gas. 军队用炮火和催泪瓦斯予以反击。 I asked her what the time was, but she didnt respond. 我问她几点了，但是她没理我。 response n. 回答，反应 in response to 作为对.的答复/回应 make a respon

16、se to 对.作出回应 She made no response.她没作任何回答。 The product was developed in response to customer demand. 这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。 loss n. 失去，丧失，亏损，去世，损失 I want to report the loss of a package. 我要报告丢失了一个包裹。 The loss of his wife was a great blow to him. 他妻子去世对他是个巨大的打击。 The company has announced net losses of $

17、1.5 million. 公司宣告净亏损 150 万元。 lose v. 遗失，丢失，丧失，损失，输掉 过去式：lost 过去分词：lost She lost her husband in the crowd.她在人群中与丈夫走散了。 She lost a leg in a car crash.她在一次车祸中失去了一条腿。 第 6 页 共 28 页 At that moment he lost his balance and fell. 他在那一瞬间失去平衡摔倒了。 We lost to a stronger team.我们输给了一支实力更强的队。 Hurry theres no time t

18、o lose !快点抓紧时间吧！ lost adj. 迷路的，迷失的，丢失的 We always get lost in London.我们在伦敦老是迷路。 I feel lost and lonely in a strange town alone. 在陌生的城镇里只身一人，我感到不知所措、孤单寂寞。 loser n. 输者，败者 Im not a loser, Im not used to losing. 我不是个失败者，我不习惯于失败。 at a loss 不知所措，困惑 The stress of this situation is killing me, and Im at a lo

19、ss what to do next. My throat was dry. I was at a loss for words. 我喉咙很干，不知说什么才好。 All his goods sell at a loss. 他的货物全部赔本出售。 judge v. 评价，（尤指）批评，判断，认为 n. 法官，裁判员 Dont be so quick to judge your friend. judge.by/from. 通过.判断. judge sb/sth as/to be. 判定某人/某物是. as far as I can judge 据我判断 Dont judge a book by

20、its cover. 不要以貌取人。 It will take a few more years to judge the impact of these ideas 要再花上几年的时间才能判断出这些想法的影响。 Judging by the look on Adams face, the news must be horrible. 从亚当的表情来看，肯定是很可怕的消息。 judgement n. 判断力，识别力，看法，意见，评价，裁决 The accident was caused by an error of judgement on the part of the pilot.此次事故

21、是飞行员判断失误所致。 第 7 页 共 28 页 The judgment will be given tomorrow. 此案将于明日宣判。 He refused to make a judgement about the situation. 他拒绝对形势作出评价。 The judgement was against him. 判决对他不利。 in the wrong 有错，应承担责任 He realized he was in the wrong and promised to turn over a new leaf. 他认识到自己错了，答应改过自新。 But Im afraid yo

22、ure in the wrong. 但是我想，恐怕是你错了。 apologize v. 道歉，谢罪 apologize to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉 He apologized to the people who had been affected. 他向受到影响的人赔了不是。 He had the grace to apologize to me for the insulting remark. 由于说话失礼，他通情达理地向我道了歉。 You must apologize to her for having kept her waiting. 让她等了

23、这么久，你应该为此向她表示歉意。 If I have made any mistakes, Im ready to apologize. 如有什么错误，我愿意道歉。 apology n. 道歉，辩护 make/offer an apology to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉 accept/refuse an/ones apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉 You owe him an apology for what you said. 你要为你所说的话向他道歉。 He made a public apology for the teams performa

24、nce. 他就队伍的表现公开道歉。 He accepted the apology with great generosity. 他宽宏大量地接受了道歉。 第 8 页 共 28 页 behaviour n. 行为，举止，态度 Perhaps she knows shes in the wrong and wants to apologize, or maybe she has a simple explanation for her behaviour. behaviour toward. 对.的态度 be on your best behaviour 行为检点，举止得当 His behavi

25、our towards her was becoming more and more aggressive.他对待她的态度越来越蛮横。 His furtive behaviour aroused our suspicion. 他鬼鬼祟祟的行为引起了我们的怀疑。 behavioral adj. 行为的 behave v. 表现 He behaved like a true gentleman. 他的行为像个真正的绅士 They behave differently when youre not around. 你不在时他们就是另一副面孔。 She doesnt know how to behav

26、e in public. 她在公共场合举止无措。 Behave, or else! 规矩点，否则的话，哼！ You have to behave. 你得规矩点。 case n. 具体情况，事例，案件，容器 Child protection workers were meeting to discuss her case. 儿童保护工作者聚在一起讨论她的问题。 in this case 在这种情况下，既然这样 in that case 既然如此，如果是那样 in no case 决不，无论如何都不（位于句首句子要部分倒装） as is often the case 事情往往是这样 in case

27、/in case of 万一 I dont give interviews as a general rule, but in this case I will make an exception. 通常我不会见别人，不过，这次我会破例的。 In no case can you cheat in the exams. 无论如何你都不能考试作弊。 第 9 页 共 28 页 In no case can I lose this important match. 无论如何我不能输掉这次重要比赛。 In case anyone was following me, I made an elaborate

28、 detour 为了防止有人跟踪我，我特地绕了弯路。 Many shops along the route have been boarded up in case of trouble. 沿途很多商店的门窗都用木板封上了，以防不测。 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 I dont want to go out tonight, and in any case we cant afford it. 今晚我不想出去，再说我们也去不起。 In any case, this is a dangerous argument. 在任何情况下，这都是一个危险的理由。 frank adj. 坦率的

29、，直率的 In any case, find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her. to be frank = frankly speaking 坦白的说 To be frank, I dont like him. 老实说，我不喜欢他。 He was very frank about his relationship with the actress. 他对自己和那位女演员的关系直言不讳。 frankly adv. 坦率地，直率地 They frankly admitted their responsibility. 他们

30、坦率地承认了责任。 frankness n. 坦率，直白 We admired him all the more for his frankness. 他的率直使我们对他更加敬佩。 definitely adv. 肯定，确实，确切的 I definitely understand how you feel. I definitely remember sending the letter. 我记得这封信肯定发出去了。 The date of the move has not been definitely decided yet. 搬迁日期还未完全确定下来。 definitely not 绝对

31、不是，肯定不是，明确不要 第 10 页 共 28 页 This is definitely not me, because at least I am calm. 这一定不是我，至少我很冷静。 Ford is definitely not a man to let a little success go to his head. 福特绝对不是那种会被一点点成功冲昏头脑的人。 definite adj. 肯定的，确定的，明显的 Can you give me a definite answer by tomorrow? 你最晚明天能给我一个确定的答复吗？ There was a definite

32、 feeling that things were getting worse. 人们明显感到事情越来越糟。 define v. 解释.的含义，给.下定义，阐明，明确 It is difficult to define what makes him so popular. 很难解释清楚什么原因使他如此走红。 definition n. 释义，解释，定义 Whats your definition of happiness? 你对幸福的定义是什么？ trick v. 欺骗，欺诈 trick sb into doing sth 哄骗某人做某事 trick sb out of sth 骗取某人某物

33、Id been tricked and I felt stupid. 我被人骗了，觉得自己真傻。 n. 诡计，花招，戏法 play a trick/tricks on sb 搞恶作剧，开某人的玩笑，捉弄某人 theres a trick to sth 做某事有窍门 The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher. 孩子们经常耍些花招戏弄老师。 The trick is to pick the animal up by the back of its neck. 窍门在于抓住动物的后脖颈把它提起来。 let go of 放弃，摒弃，松手，放

34、开 When I found out that I was tricked by him, I was really hurt and let go of our friendship. In therapy, she began to let go of her obsession with Mike 在心理治疗中，她开始逐渐放下对麦克的痴迷。 第 11 页 共 28 页 ignore v. 忽视，对.不予理会 I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it. 我提了个建议，但他们不予理会。 She ignored him and carrie

35、d on with her work. 她没理他，继续干她的活。 ignorance n. 无知，愚昧 They fought a long battle against prejudice and ignorance. 他们同偏见与无知进行了长期的斗争。 ignorant adj. 不了解的，无知的，愚昧的 be ignorant of/about sth 对.不了解 Hes ignorant about modern technology. 他对现代科技一无所知。 At that time I was ignorant of events going on elsewhere. 那时我并不

36、了解其他地方发生的事情。 Never make your students feel ignorant. 千万别让你的学生感到自己一无所知。 suffer vi. 受苦，受折磨，变差 vt. 遭受，蒙受 However, if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer, its time to rethink your relationship. suffer from 因.遭受苦难 suffer pain/losses/punishment/hardship 遭受痛苦/损失/惩罚/苦难 Many companies are s

37、uffering from a shortage of skilled staff. 许多公司苦于缺乏熟练员工。 He made a rash decision and now he is suffering for it. 他当初草率决定，现在吃苦头了。 The company suffered huge losses in the last financial year. 公司在上一财政年度出现巨额亏损。 第 12 页 共 28 页 misunderstand v. 误解，误会 I feel horrible. Amy misunderstood me. She is really ang

38、ry and Im at a loss what to do. I completely misunderstood her intentions. 我完全误会了她的意图。 misunderstanding n. 误解，误会，意见不一 There has been some misunderstanding of our publishing aims 关于我们的出版目的存在着某些误解。 The misunderstanding between us has been cleared up. 我们之间的误会涣然冰释。 contact v./n. 联系，联络 I got a call from

39、a friend whom I hadnt contacted for a long time. make contact with 与.进行往来，与.取得联系 keep in contact/touch with 与.保持联系 lose contact/touch with 与.失去联系 come into contact with 与.接触 I dont have much contact with my uncle. 我和叔父甚少联系。 There is little contact between the two organizations. 这两个机构相互之间没有什么联系。 Ive

40、been trying to contact you all day. 我整天一直在设法与你联系。 explode vi. （愤怒等感情）爆发，迸发，爆炸 vt. 使爆炸 When Amy found out, she exploded with anger. explode with/into 爆发，突发. There was a huge bang as if someone had exploded a rocket outside.突然一声巨响，仿佛有人在外面引爆了火箭似的。 Suddenly Charles exploded with rage. 查尔斯勃然大怒。 We all ex

41、ploded into wild laughter. 我们都一下子大笑起来。 the exploding world population 迅猛增长的世界人口 Thunder exploded overhead. 雷声在头顶上炸开。 第 13 页 共 28 页 explosion n. 爆炸，爆发，激增 There were two loud explosions and then the building burst into flames. 两声巨响之后建筑物便燃烧起来。 There was an explosion of music. 突然爆发出一阵震耳欲聋的音乐声。 generous

42、adj. 宽宏大量的，仁慈的，慷慨的 Amy is a generous person. Shell understand. be generous to sb 对某人慷慨大方 be generous with sth 不吝啬某物 It is generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事是大方的 He was generous enough to congratulate his successor on his decision. 他十分大度地祝贺他的继任者做出了决定。 He was always generous in sharing his enormous knowle

43、dge 他从不吝啬与人分享自己渊博的知识。 count on 依赖，依靠，指望 A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. count on sb to do sth 指望某人做某事 The government thought it could count on the support of the trades unions. 政府认为可以指望获得工会的支持。 I can always count on you to cheer me up. 你总能使我振作起来。 count up 计算，算出总数 count in 把.计

44、算在内 count out 不把.考虑或计算在内 eat away at 腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏 Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. Toiling away at a job you hate may eat away at your happiness over time. 苦干一项你痛恨的工作可能会逐渐侵蚀你的快乐。 The chlorine atoms eat away at the ozone layer. 氯原子大量吞

45、噬臭氧。 第 14 页 共 28 页 shallow adj. 肤浅的，浅薄的，浅的 We may be able to make many friends online, but these friendships can be quite shallow. These fish are found in shallow waters around the coast. 这些鱼生长在海边浅水水域。 She began to hear her own taut, shallow breathing. 她开始听见自己急促、微弱的呼吸。 I think he is shallow, vain an

46、d untrustworthy 我认为他肤浅、自负、不可靠。 shallowly adv. 肤浅地，浅地 Hes been breathing shallowly for several hours now. 他现在已经浅呼吸了好几个小时了。 blog n. 博客，网志 v. 写博客 I have changed my blog a little. 我修改了一下我的博客。 I can browse the internet and even blog for you! 我可以浏览互联网，甚至博客给你！ blogger n. 写博客的人 come between. and. 损害.之间的关系，离

47、间，妨碍 Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. in person 亲身，亲自 To make friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person. It was the first time she had seen him in person. 这是她第一次见到他本人。 You must collect the mail in person and take along some form of identification. 你必须携带本人身份证明亲自来取邮件。 in the person of 以.的身份，代表. We had a knowledgeable guide in the person of George Adams. 我们有一位见识广博的导游乔治 亚当斯。 第 15 页 共 28 页 person n. 人，个人，某人 What sort of person would do a thing like that? 什么人会干那样的事呢？ The price is $40 per person. 价格为每人 40 元