广西县域高中联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题.docx

1、广西县域高中联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题一、阅读理解Almost every day, we learn of disasters of one form or another through the media. These include not just major disasters that affect large areas for a long time. A severe storm, an electric power breakdown, or a house fire can bring a personal disaster to an indiv

2、idual. This brochure aims to help you develop your personal preparedness plan. IStockpiling food and drink Drinking is more important than eating. Keep about 14 liters of liquid per person in stock for each week. No experiments. Your supplies should mainly consist of food and drink that you normally

3、 have. Ensure that your supplies can be stored for long periods of time without refrigeration and that most of them can be eaten cold. Emergency pack The aim of a disaster supplies kit should be to help you to cope with the possibility of having to exist for a few days outside of your house. Dont ta

4、ke more for each family member than could be conveniently contained within the confines of a rucksack (帆布背包). A rucksack is more practical than a suitcase, as it allows you to have both hands free. The emergency rucksack should contain these items: First aid materials, personal medicationSleeping ba

5、g or blanketHygiene products for a couple of daysElectric power breakdown Keep a supply of torches and candles, as well as spare batteries, matches or lighters in the house. Remember that batteries do not last indefinitely. Regularly use the batteries up and replace them. You can prepare smaller mea

6、ls on a camping stove, one that can be operated through the use of charcoal (木炭) or gas. Keep up-to-date in an emergencyFloods or heavy snowfalls may lead to parts of the population getting cut off from the outside world. Information and warnings are important for survival. Those who are trapped can

7、 often only be reached by radio, television or the Internet. However, television and the Internet only work when there is electric power, which could fail. This leaves just the radio as the main warning device. About usThe Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK) was establis

8、hed in2004 as a central organizational unit for civil security in Germany. The BBK is your reliable partner for emergency preparedness and self-help. You can find further information on our website. 1The brochure is provided in order to _.Ainform people about recent disastersBprovide tips on how to

9、survive in a disasterCencourage people to stockpile food and drink on a regular basisDpromote the Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance2What is the recommended device to receive warnings during a disaster?AA laptop.BA television.CA mobile phone.DA battery-powered radio.3The Fede

10、ral Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance is _.Aa charity that collects donations for disaster victimsBa non-profit organization that provides disaster relief globallyCan international organization that coordinates disaster response effortsDa government agency that prepares people for e

11、mergencies in GermanyWhen Spanish meets English, new dialects emerge, giving us real-time insight into language evolution, linguists say.For instance, “Vamos de punches punches punches”, Yamilet Munoz texted her friends in Austin, Texas. It means “lets go and party”, but its not a phrase youll find

12、in any dictionary. Its a remix of Spanish and English words seasoned with an in-joke about punching the air as you dance.“Our language has always been a very big indicator of our cultural pride,” says Munoz, whose parents migrated from Mexico to San Antonio, Texas, in the 1990s. Around 66% of the ci

13、tys population identify as Hispanic or Latino/Latina. For Munoz and her friends there is pride in speaking Spanish, but also in mixing the languages into the hybrid known as Spanglish.The evolution of Spanglish has been documented for decades, with each generation adding its unique twist. Now a grow

14、ing body of research, as well as the experiences of bilingual(双语的) speakers like Munoz, shows just how deeply English and Spanish are influencing each other in the United States, resulting in hybrid dialects like Spanglish, but also, transforming the underlying languages.For the past decade, Carter

15、and his colleagues have studied language change in Miami, a city where some 72% identify as Latino or Hispanic and which is strongly shaped by historical migration from Cuba. Their research documents the emergence of a distinct “Miami English” dialect as a result of that Spanish-language heritage.Th

16、e Spanish influence has also shown up in ways people may not immediately notice, such as sounds like the “oo” in “boot” being pronounced in a more Spanish-style way in Miami, more like the Spanish “u” vowel, according to separate research by Carter, Lydda Lopez Valdez at the University of Miami and

17、Nandi Sims at Ohio State University.“This is the work of language change, this is the work of dialect formation, this is how it happens. It happens in things that are really noticeable, like the phrase get down from the car, but it also happens in really slight ways,” he says.4Why is an example intr

18、oduced in Paragraph 2?ATo illustrate the language innovation.BTo explain the advantage of Spanish.CTo highlight the mix of Spanish and English.DTo prove the enrichment of English vocabulary.5What can be inferred from Munoz and her friends?ASpanish and English are interrelating.BMixing two languages

19、is complicated.CLanguages dominate cultural development.DBilingualists tend to observe their own culture.6What does Carter intend to convey?ADialects evolve flexibly and frequently.BSpanish possesses more sounds than English.CPhrases are changing more slowly than before.DLanguage change is progressi

20、ve and dynamic.7Which of the following is the best title for the text?AHow Researchers are Studying Languages.BHow Modem English is Changing Globally.CHow a Generation is Reinventing Spanglish.DHow Spanglish is Influencing American CultureA shadowy figure sits alone in a room, his face dimly lit by

21、a computer screen. With a grin, he types in a series of computer commands, and in the blink of an eye, someones bank account is drained to zero.In todays digital age, cyberattacks like this happen thousands of times per day. Hackers can steal money, information, or completely take control of a machi

22、ne from anywhere in the world. However, not all hackers are villains.Some hackers, called white hat or ethical hackers, are individuals who make the most of their hacking skills to identify security vulnerabilities (漏洞) in hardware, software and networks. Their job is crucial in preventing cyberatta

23、cks and safeguarding sensitive information. The term “white hat” originated from old cowboy movies, where heroes wore white hats and villains wore black ones. Like the heroes in cowboy movies, white hats seek to stop the bad guys and save the day.White hat hackers only seek vulnerabilities legally,

24、often working on open-source software or with authorized access to systems. Once these weak spots are identified, companies or individuals can take steps to prevent serious breaches and losses. White hat hackers use a variety of different techniques to keep the internet safe. Penetration testing, fo

25、r example, allows them to mimic cyberattacks and uncover system weaknesses. Security scanning tools allow white hats to identify holes in a networks security systems. Simulating denial-of-service attacks (DoS attacks) helps companies prepare for attacks against their websites.Many of the worlds top

26、white hat hackers began their journeys on the wrong side of the law. A prime example is Kevin Mitnick. This notorious hacker once held the title of “most wanted hacker” in the U. S. due to his cybercriminal activities in 1995. However, after being arrested and spending five years in jail, his life t

27、ook a remarkable turn. Mitnick decided to use his hacking skills for ethical purposes, eventually establishing his own cybersecurity consulting company.If you aspire to be a white hat hacker, start by building a strong foundation in computer and network fundamentals. Good luck, computer cowboy!8What

28、 does the underlined word “villains” in Paragraph 2 mean?Aevil-doers.Bheroes.Cattackers.Dvictims.9What can we learn about white hat hackers?AThey wear white hats in cowboy movies.BThey do everything to safeguard peoples information.CThey legally use their professional skills to help people.DThey fin

29、d vulnerabilities for personal gain without doing harm.10People skilled in computer and network cant be top white hat hackers unless _.Athey obey the lawBthey identify security weak pointsCthey take measures to stop serious lossesDthey build their own cybersecurity consulting companies11What is the

30、purpose of the text?ATo teach us how to stay secure online.BTo tell us how to be top white hackers.CTo warn us of the dangers of cyberattacks.DTo introduce defenders of the digital world.The Ouray Ice Park sits at the mouth of a narrow box canyon sculpted by the Uncompahgre River. As we picked our w

31、ay up the canyon, Davis, operations manager at the park, pointed out the various projects his staff were rushing to complete before opening day. There was signage to build, a new bridge to check, and of course, lots of ice to grow. He showed. me the lines of water pipes and sprinklers (洒水器) located

32、along the cliff edge. There are more than 200 of these sprinklers, which spray water directly onto the rock, creating walls of ice containing 100-plus climbs. Starting in November when the temperature drops, the ice farmers wet the rock with water to cool it, essentially building a canvas for the wa

33、terfalls. They use existing features on the rock to grow a variety of routes for all skill levels. Though the job involves much labour in freezing weather, Davis described growing ice as a kind of art form. If half an ice farmers job is creation, the other half is upkeep. Exposed water pipes in the

34、mountains are easy to freeze and break and it is up to those farmers to fix them. This winter has been unusually warm and temperatures, even in December, were not cold enough to make sufficient ice. It even rained a day before the park was set to open, destroying 30% of the ice farmers efforts. “Win

35、ter climate is less certain due to the warming of our planet,” said Heidi Steltzer, a professor of environment and sustainability. “Human-made ice may not be possible every year, but in years when it is, the ice park offers joy, a gathering place and opportunities of earning money to sustain rural m

36、ountain life.”12What does paragraph 1 mainly talk about?AThe significance of building an ice park.BThe geographical variety of the Ouray Ice Park.CThe location and building schedule of the Ouray Ice Park.DThe influence of the Uncompahgre River on the Ouray Ice Park.13Why is water sprinkled onto the

37、rock in the park?ATo make ice walls for climbing.BTo form an attractive landscape.CTo remove dirt from the rock surface.DTo avoid the rock breaking in high temperatures.14Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “upkeep” in paragraph 2?AProfit.BRepair.CImpact.DService.15What does Heidi Ste

38、ltzer think of the ice park?AIt offers a method of recreation and livelihood.BIt seems only a waste of manpower and money.CIt has some unforeseeable impacts on local ecology.DIt is better than other kinds of parks with its unique amusements.Project SEKAI Colorful Stage! feat. Hatsune Miku is a rhyth

39、m game jointly developed by SEGA, Craft Egg, and Crypton Future Media, and produced by SEGA Games and Craft Eggs subsidiary Colorful Palette. It is also known by the abbreviation “PJSK.About Project SEKAIProject SEKAI Colorful Stage! feat. Hatsune Miku primarily takes the real world area near Shibuy

40、a, Japan as its backdrop. 16 , singing songs created by various creators as virtual singers. The other stage, “SEKAI”, originates from the realm of thought, where numerous songs are also created. One of the main characters, Hoshino Ichika, adventitiously encounters Hatsune Miku (初音未来) here.In additi

41、on to Hoshino Ichika, the game features other characters with their own aspirations.Initially released, five distinct groups emerged, each with their own “aspirations”, “SEKAI”, and “musical styles”.Game FeaturesRegarding the storyline, its dialogue scenes feature Live2D technology, and players can

42、unlock new clothing, songs, and other elements as they progress through the story. Additionally, characters featured in 3DMV can be freely customized, and clothing purchased in the real world will be showcased in 3DMV. Players can appreciate the vivid and beautiful 3DMV with their favorite character

43、s or designs. 17 As for the gameplay, commands will appear in a top-down format, coordinating with rhythm and various commands to create combos (连击数，即连续点击note的数目), which named the games chart. The game features three types of notes: TAP, FLICK, and HOLD 18 The difficulty of songs ranges from the eas

44、iest “Easy to the most challenging Master, divided into five stages, allowing players to freely select a difficulty level that suits their play style. The design style of the games chart is highly reminiscent of SEGAs arcade (街机) rhythm game CHUNITHM, featuring intertwined long-hold sliders and note

45、s of varying widths. 19 During gameplay, the background will showcase 3DMV animations produced by SEGA Games for players enjoyment. However, considering the impact of the songs themselves, some tracks will be presented in the 2DMV format.WorldviewIn the Project SEKAI, Hoshino Ichika and others accid

46、entally stumbled into the “SEKAI” and encountered six virtual singers. 20 People gain entry to the world via “UNTITLED” tracks. These songs, devoid of lyrics or melodies, coalesced simultaneously with the world. Only those imbued with profound yearnings will encounter “UNTITLED” tracks. Upon the wor

47、lds possessor discovering their authentic aspirations, the UNTITLED transform into a song, known as the groups “group song (colloquially).ANotably, some songs in the game will be divided into “original version” and “SEKAI version” sung by both virtual singers and original game characters.BVirtual si

48、ngers manifest in distinct guises and inhabit distinct worlds, aiding individuals in discerning their authentic aspirations.CWhen it comes to the 3DMV and songs, PJSK combines 3DMV with popular VOCALOID tracks (术力口歌曲), which widely attract various players.DHowever, the judgment criteria of PJSKs notes differ, such as the ability to simultaneously hold a unique-shaped HOLDs with multiple fingers but not to swipe through dense TAPs.EVirtual singers, such as H