初中英语人教新目标八年级上册Unit 4单词讲解.doc

1、八年级英语上册Unit 4单词讲解theater(C)n.戏院，剧场(美语电影院)；(U)n.戏剧a movie theater 电影院go to the theater去看戏Hes really interested in literature and the theatre.他对文学和戏剧很感兴趣。comfortable(adj.)使人舒服的，舒适的；(人)感到舒服的（more/most）uncomfortable (adj.)(令人)不舒服的a comfortable chair/bed/sofa/room；comfortable clothes/shoes/bootsI am so c

2、omfortable and warm in bed I dont want to get up.（that略）躺在床上又舒服又暖和，我都不想起来。The pair of shoes is comfortable to wear.（不定式作原因状语）这双鞋穿起来很舒服。comfortably(adv.)舒服地，舒适地（方式状语）People also want to be in a warm place and sleep comfortably.人们还想待在温暖的地方，能够睡得舒服。Some people live very comfortably and others have a har

3、d life like us.（介词短语作方式状语）有些人生活得很舒服，其他人就像我们一样生活很苦。The old woman lived comfortably on her savings.（介词短语作方式状语）那个老妇人靠着存款过着舒服的日子seat(C)n.座位，坐处(椅子等)； (椅子等的)座部have (take) a seat 坐下,就座use a box for a seat 把箱子当座椅a wooden toilet seat木质的抽水马桶座a broken bicycle seat损坏的自行车座(vt.)某处坐得下人；安排(某人)就坐seat oneself使自己就坐She

4、 seated herself quietly before the piano.她静静地坐在钢琴前面。Please be seated, ladies and gentlemen.先生女士们,请入座。She seated her guests around the table.她请客人围著桌子而坐。This hall seats 2000 people.这个大厅可容纳两千人。This car seats five passengers.这部汽车可坐五位乘客。screen(C)n.银幕，屏幕(荧光屏，屏风)Her picture appeared on the screen.她的照片出现在屏幕

5、上。close(adj.)(在空间，时间上)接近；（关系）亲密的（friends）closed(adj.)关闭的，停止营业的(反open)Is the house close to the subway station?（close to是短语介词）那个房子离地铁站近吗？Susan sat on a chairclose to the window.（介词短语作后置定语）苏珊坐在靠窗口的一把椅子上。It was close to 1:15 a.m.时间已近子夜1点15分。She was close to tears. (程度)她快要哭出来了ticket(C)n.票，入场券How much ar

6、e tickets for the concert?音乐会的票价是多少？Id like two tickets to Berlin.我想买两张去柏林的票。a ticket to watch the match一张观看比赛的票worst(adj.)(adv.)(bad,badly和ill的最高级)最差(的)，最坏(的)，最糟(的)She was the worst singer of the three.她是那三个人中唱得最差的一个。Nicolais English ismuchthe worst. （副词作程度状语）尼科莱的英语差极了。You behave worst when we have

7、 guests.家里有客人时,你的举止最坏。worst of all(修饰句子/评注状语)最坏(糟糕)的是Worst of all, he forgot to bring his school ID card.最糟糕的是，他忘了带他的学生证。cheaply(adv.)便宜地，低廉地(反expensively)（方式状语）cheap(adj.)便宜的(反expensive)Well, I dont sell my friendship that cheaply.（副词作程度状语）哼， 我的友谊才没那么廉价呢。They lived as cheaply as possible.（副词短语作方式状语

8、）他们过着尽可能节俭的生活。Old bikes can be bought quite cheaply.（副词短语作方式状语）旧自行车很便宜就能买到。song(C)n.歌，歌曲We used to listen to pop songson the radio.我们以前常常听收音机里播放的流行歌曲。He can play lots of songs but he cannot play every song, of course.他能弹很多歌曲，但是他当然不能弹每首歌曲。DJ(C)n.音乐节目主持人When I was a radio DJ ，we used play lists.我当电台DJ

9、那会儿我们就用播放列表。I wanted to be a DJ or a boat captain.一直梦想成为DJ或者船长。choose(vt./vi.)(chose/chosen)选择，挑选（双宾动词）choice(U/C)n.选择(权)(make a choice做出选择)have no choice but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事choose to do sth.选择做某事It took us ages to choose a new carpet.我们挑选新地毯花了很长时间。He chose his words carefully as he spoke.（副词作方式

10、状语）他说话时字斟句酌。I chose to learn German rather than French.（用作并列连词）我选择学习德语，而不是法语。They chose Donald to be their leader.（不定式短语作宾补）他们选唐纳德当他们的领袖。The company chose London as its base.（介词短语作宾补）这家公司选择伦敦作为总部所在地。Why did you choose mefor the job?（介词短语作目的状语）你为什么选我来做这项工作？I chose her a nice present. (双宾动词)= I chose

11、a nice present for her.我选了一件漂亮的礼物给她; 我为她选了一个很漂亮的礼物carefully(adv.)细致地，小心地，谨慎地(连用look/listen/think作方式状语)careful(adj.)小心的，谨慎的，细致的(反careless粗心的，马虎的)You need to think very carefully about which course you want to take/do.你要非常仔细地考虑选读哪门课程。reporter(C)n.记者report(vt.)报告，报道He wants to be a news reporter when h

12、e grows up.他长大后想当一名新闻记者。The reporter described the accidentin detail.（介词短语作方式状语）记者详尽地描述那件意外事件。so far到目前为止，迄今为止（副词短语作时间状语）This is what we know so far.下面是迄今我们所了解到的。So far he has done nothing to speak of.到目前为止,他从来没做过值得一提的事So far so good. 到目前为止还不错So far at least 15 deaths have been reported.截至目前，至少已报告15

13、人死亡。fresh(adj.)新鲜的，清新的The beans are fresh from the garden.这些豆子是刚从园子里摘来的。fresh fruit/vegetables/fish/bread新鲜的水果/蔬菜/鱼/面包Lets open the windows and have some fresh air in here!我们打开窗户，来点新鲜空气吧！fresh water淡水(无盐的)worse(adj.)(adv.)(bad，badly和ill的比较级)更差(的)，更坏(的)，更糟(的)The traffic is much worse after five ocloc

14、k.5点以后交通拥堵严重得多。The weather was a lot worse this year.（副词短语作程度状语修饰比较级）今年天气糟糕得多。Conditions will get worse as the winter continues.随着冬天持续下去，情况会更糟。Dont say anything, youll only make matters worse.（形容词作宾补）什么也别说，说了只会火上浇油。The bullying got worse and worse until finally he had to leave the school.他所受的欺侮越来越过分

15、，最后只得离开了学校。I did worse on yesterdays test.我昨天的考试更差。By lunch time it was raining worsethan ever.（介词短语作比较状语）到午饭时间，雨下得更大了。service(U)n.接待，服务(good/bad/slow)serve(vt./vi.)服务（serve for the people）That restaurant gives good service. 那家餐厅的服务好。The service was terrible and so was the food.服务很差，饭菜也差。so(adv.)也，同

16、样用于表示刚说过的情况也适用于某人或某物pretty(adv.)相当，十分，很（程度状语）(adj.)漂亮的，标志的（用来形容女人，小孩和小物件）She still looks pretty happy.她看上去还是非常高兴的。Its pretty cold this morning.今天早上相当冷。That sounds pretty interesting.那听起来相当有趣。a pretty little girl漂亮的小姑娘Maria looks much prettierwith her hair cut short.（with复合结构作原因状语）玛丽亚把头发剪短好看多了。menu(C

17、)n.菜单Could we have the menu, please?请把菜单给我们，好吗？Is there any fish on the menu?菜单上有鱼吗？act(vt./vi.)扮演，表演(C)n.表演者actor(C)n.男演员，actress(C)n.女演员I first started acting when I was 12 years old.我12岁开始演戏。She is acting the role of Lady Macbeth six evenings a week.她一星期六个晚上演麦克白夫人这个角色。meal(C)n.早(午，晚)餐(三餐中的一餐)，一餐所

18、吃的食物We must have a meal together some time.我们一定要找个时间一起吃顿饭。Dinner is the main meal of the day for most people.晚饭是大多数人一天中的主餐。He brushes his teeth after every meal.他每顿饭后都刷牙。at meals 在用餐时，在吃饭时at meal time在吃饭时间between meals在两餐之间have (eat) a meal 用餐，吃饭cook/make/prepare a meal做饭take sb. out for a meal带某人出去

19、吃饭creative(adj.)(人)有创造力的，(物)创造性的create(vt.)创造，创建，创作creation(U/C)n.创造(物)，作品creator(C)n.创造者creativity(U)n.创造性(力)This job is so boring. I think I should do something more creative.（形容词比较级作后置定语）这工作太单调了，我想我应该做些更有创造性的事情。Youre so creative! I could never make my own clothes.你真有创造力！我从来不会自己做衣服。performer(C)n.表

20、演者，演员perform(vt.)表演，演出performance(C)n.表演，演出He is a better songwriter than performer.他更擅长写歌，而不是演唱。He won the prizefor the best performer.（介词短语作后置定语）他获得了最佳表演奖。talent(U/C)n.天资，天赋，才能(才艺)，天才(人才)talented(adj.)天才的，有才能的be talented in=have a talent for在某方面有天赋He has a lot of talent, and his work is fresh and

21、interesting.他很有天赋，作品新颖有趣。She showed a talent for acting at an early age.她在很小的时候就显示出了表演天赋。Your brother is a man of many talents.你的弟弟是个多才多艺的人。He is a great talent.他是一个了不起的人才。havein common有相同特征，(想法，兴趣等)相同I found I had a lot in common with these people.我发现自己和这些人有许多相同之处。four womenwith almost nothing in c

22、ommon几乎没有任何共同点的四个女人The two games have much in common.这两种游戏有许多相同之处。In common with many other people,he thought it was false.跟其他的多数人一样,他也认为那是假的magician(C)n.魔术师magic(U)n.魔法，法术，巫术；魔力，魅力The magician turned the man into a rabbit.魔术师把那个人变成了兔子。Like all magicians, he kept his secrets to himself.像所有魔术师那样，他的秘密

23、谁也不告诉。all kinds of各种各样的，各种类型的kind of稍微，有点儿(同a little /a bit)be kind to sb.对某人和蔼There are all kinds of mooncakes.月饼各种各样。He asked them all kinds of questions.他问了他们各种各样的问题。 Social workers have to deal with all kinds of problems.社会工作者必须处理各种问题。beautifully(adv.)美好地，漂亮地beauty(U/C)n.美丽，美丽的人或物beautiful(adj.)

24、美丽的，漂亮的All my children can draw and paint beautifully.（副词作方式状语）我的孩子们都画得很棒。Because they want to do that thing well and beautifully.因为他们想把那件事干好，干得漂亮。be up to是的职责，由决定Its up to him to support his mother. （不定式短语作真正的主语）奉养母亲是他的义务。Its up to you whether to go or not. （疑问词加不定式结构作真正的主语）去不去由你决定。The final choice

25、 is up to you.由你做最后的选择。You can pay weekly or monthly its up to you.你可以每周或者每月付一次款，你自己决定。Its up to the travel companies to warn customers of any possible dangers.旅游公司有义务预先告知顾客任何可能的危险。role(C)n.作用，职能，角色womens role in society女性的社会角色He played a major role in the play.他在这出戏中扮演一个重要的角色。play a role扮演一个角色，发挥作用

26、，有影响play a role in doing sth.在做某事方面发挥作用，参与做某事Parents play an important role in childrens education.家长在孩子的教育中起着重要作用。winner(C)n.获胜者，优胜者win(vt./vi.)在竞赛、游戏、选举等中获胜，赢；赢得，获得loser(C)n.失败者There will be a prize for the winner.优胜者将获得奖品。If you want to be a winner, just make sincere efforts.如果你想成为胜者，只有真正地付出努力才行。

27、prize(C)n.奖品，奖，奖金win/get a prize获奖/得奖Whoever does best will get the prize. （whoever引导主语从句）谁做得最出色谁就得奖。They often encourage the studentswith prizes. （介词短语作方式状语）他们经常用奖品来鼓励学生。I got the third prize in the race.我在赛跑中得了三等奖。I have three prizesto give for the winners.（不定式短语作后置定语）我为获胜的人准备了三份奖品。everybody(pron.

28、)每人，所有人（部分否定not+every/all/both/always）Not everybody can be a hero.= Everybody cannot be a hero.并非每一个人都能当英雄。You cant please everybody.你不可能使每个人都满意make up编造(故事，谎言)I think theyre making the whole thing up.我认为整件事情是他们编出来的。example(C)n.实例，范例，榜样Can anyone give me an example of a transitive verb?谁能给我举个及物动词的例子

29、吗？Her courage is an example to us all.她的勇气是我们大家的榜样。Parents should set an example for their children.父母应该为孩子树立榜样。for example例如(传统语法用作插入语，现代语法是同位语的引导词用作连接状语)Many countries, for example Mexico and Japan, have a lot of earthquakes.许多国家，例如墨西哥和日本，经常发生地震。poor(adj.)贫穷的，清贫的；不擅长的；可怜的；差的(eyesight/memory)the po

30、or穷人(做主语时谓复)be poor at(doing)sth.不善于做某事be poor in sth.缺乏某物（同be short of）I am too poor to buy a car. 我太穷买不起车子。Her family were so poor they couldnt afford to buy her new clothes.（that略）她家穷得甚至买不起新衣服给她。Its the governments responsibility to help the poor.（不定式短语作真正的主语）接济穷人是政府的责任。He is poor at English. 他不擅

31、长英文。The country is poor in natural resources.该国自然资源匮乏seriously(adv.)严重地（程度状语）；严肃地，认真地（方式状语）Im seriously worried about Ben.（程度状语）我非常担心本。Something was seriously wrong.（程度状语）出大问题了。Its time we talked seriously about our relationship.（方式状语）我们该认真谈一谈我们的关系了。take seriously认真对待As a teacher, its important that

32、 the kids take you seriously.（方式状语）当老师很重要的一点就是要让孩子们把你当回事。Its only a joke dont take it seriously!只是开个玩笑别当真啊！give(vt.)(gave/given)提供，给(双宾动词)She gave me some information on university courses.（介词短语作后置定语，介词on强调专业性）她向我提供了一些有关大学课程的信息。Let me give you some advice.我给你一些建议吧。Can you give me directions to the s

33、tation (directions行路的指引)?你能告诉我去车站怎么走吗？He gave the following example. 他举了下面的例子。He gave me a book.= He gave a book to me.他给我一本书(他把一本书给我)My uncle gave me a watch for my birthday (as a birthday present).我伯父送给我一只表作生日礼物crowded(adj.)人多的，拥挤的，挤满的(优等比较级more crowded劣等比较级less crowded)be crowded with挤满，充满crowd(C

34、)n.人群(集体名词)a crowd of一群crowds of成群的crowd(vt.)挤满，塞满The train was very crowded, and we had to stand.火车很挤，我们只好站着。The narrow roads were crowded with holiday traffic.狭窄的道路上挤满了度假的车流。American Idol美国偶像(C)n.She is the idol of countless teenagers.她是无数青少年的偶像。She made an idol of her husband.她把丈夫当成了偶像。a pop idol流行乐偶像Americas Got Talent美国达人秀Chinas Got Talent中国达人秀8