2021年福建中考英语复习练习课件：17专题十七　短文填空.pptx

1、 中考英语 （福建专用） 专题十七 短文填空 A组 福建中考题组 Cloze 1(2020福建) 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意 义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Do you know how rice first came to China? There is an old Chinese story 1 is about a little girl who went out to fish. There was a famine (饥荒) and everybody was very 2 /hr/. The litt

2、le girl felt her net growing heavy and was very happy. However, it was the King of Frogs (青蛙) that she 3 /kt/. The frog told her to hold out her fishing net to the suns rays and he would sing 4 magic song. The little girl followed his instructions. She was 5 (great) surprised to see the rays of suns

3、hine falling through the net. And they were changed 6 golden grains (谷粒) of rice. The first rice was thought to arrive in this way. We do not know whether this story is true, but it tells 7 (we) that rice has the same value as gold to the Chinese. Rice 8 (be) always the main food for the Chinese. Fo

4、r centuries,much land has been devoted (奉 献) to rice-planting and many Chinese people are 9 (farmer), who work very hard for each grain. Its important to 10 /sev/ food and say no to waste. After all, waste not, want not. 答案答案 语篇解读 你知道大米是如何来到中国的吗?这里讲述一个有关它的美丽传说,让我们知道大米如同金子一样珍 贵,请珍惜大米吧。 1.which/that 句

5、意:有一个关于一个出门捕鱼的小女孩的古老的中国故事。分析句子结构可知,设空处引 导定语从句,先行词是story,为物,设空处所填词在从句中作主语,故填which或that。 2.hungry 由音标及语境可知此处填hungry。 3.caught 由音标及语境可知填caught。此处表示“她抓到的是青蛙王”。 4.a song是可数名词,以单数形式出现,那么就应与冠词连用,又因是首次出现,所以用不定冠词表泛指。 magic以辅音音素开头,故填a。 5.greatly 设空处修饰形容词surprised,故应用所给词great的副词形式greatly。 6.into/to 句意:它们被变成了金色

6、的米粒。change. into/to把变成,故填to或into。 7.us 设空处作动词tells的宾语,要用we的宾格,故填us。 8.is 主语Rice为不可数名词,根据语境可知此处应用一般现在时,故填is。 9.farmers 由主语many Chinese people可知,farmer应用复数形式。 10.save 由音标及语境可知应填save。save food节约粮食。 长难句长难句 We do not know whether this story is true, but it tells us that rice has the same value as gold to

7、 the Chinese.我 们不知道这个故事是否真实,但它告诉我们大米对中国人来说像黄金一样珍贵。 本句为but连接的并列复合句。句中whether和that均引导宾语从句。 重点词汇重点词汇 however adv.然而;magic adj.有魔力的 词汇积累词汇积累 ray n.光线;value n.价值 Cloze 2(2019福建) 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意 义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Before paper was invented, people wrote or drew on materia

8、ls such as bamboo, 1 /slk/, animal hide, and wooden blocks. Writing materials were 2 (real) expensive and few people learned to read. Therefore, few people wrote. This all changed, thanks 3 a man named Cai Lun. Paper had already existed(存在) in China, but the process for 4 (produce) it was difficult

9、and the paper was of low quality. Cai Lun began experimenting(试验) with many different materials and different 5 (method) to turn those materials into paper. In the year 105, he made it from tree bark, bamboo, cloth rags, and fishing nets. His paper was 6 (strong) and cheaper than any paper that had

10、been made before. With Cai Luns papermaking method, Chinese culture 7 /ru/ more rapidly over the next several cen- turies. Thats because ideas were much easier to share 8 more people learned to read. The use of paper spread abroad, helping 9 / cultures record and spread their ideas. Today, Cai Lun i

11、s considered a national hero in China. But 10 whole world should remember the clever Chinese papermaker forever. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了蔡伦造纸的过程及纸给人们生活带来的变化。 1.silk 由音标可知答案为silk。牢记元音字母发音规律,i开音节发/a/,闭音节发/。 2.really 此处应用副词修饰形容词expensive, 故答案为really。 3.to 固定短语:thanks to多亏

12、,由于。 4.producing for为介词,后面的动词应用v.-ing形式。produce应去掉不发音的e,加-ing,故答案为produc- ing。 5.methods 由different可知,此处应用名词的复数形式,故填methods。 6.stronger 由设空处后的and cheaper可知,strong也应当用比较级,故填stronger。 7.grew 结合音标可知为grew。ew组合发音不常见,有一定难度,grew为grow的过去式。 8.and 分析句子结构可知,“ideas were much easier to share”和“more people learne

13、d to read”是并列关 系,两个分句用and连接。 深度解析深度解析 考生应当对句子结构充分理解和分析,才可顺利完成本题,否则很容易填错,误认为是固定短语 share.with.。 9.other 根据句意及音标可知答案。句意:纸的使用传播到国外,帮助其他文化记录并传播它们的思想。 10.the the whole world整个世界。 长难句长难句 Thats because ideas were much easier to share and more people learned to read.那是因为观点更容易分享并 且更多的人学习阅读。 句中because引导表语从句。从句

14、中and连接两个并列的分句。 重点词汇重点词汇 paper n.纸;material n.材料;expensive adj.昂贵的;different adj.不同的;culture n.文化;consider v.认 为,以为 词汇积累词汇积累 wooden adj.木头的,木制的;process n.过程 Cloze 3(2018福建) 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准 确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Lonnie Johnson always loved taking things apart(分开).He 1 /s

15、mtamz/ put them back together. Other times he made new things from different 2 (part). He learned how to use tools from his dad. At 13, Lonnie put an old engine(发动机)on a homemade go-cart. He loved driving it around. He dreamed of be- ing 3 inventor. By high school, Lonnie built a remote-control robo

16、t from some waste things. This won him first prize at the Alabama State Science Fair. His friends called 4 “The Little Scientist”.In college, Lonnie was an excellent student. After that, he 5 (become)an Air Force officer, rocket scientist and business leader. 6 he never stopped inventing. You may ha

17、ve played with his most famous inventionthe Super Soaker, a kind of water gun. Lonnie got the idea for this 7 /t/ while working on another invention. When he test- ed a homemade part in his bathroom, it shot water 8 /krs/ the room. Today, Dr. Lonnie Johnson has more than 100 9 (use)inventions. Howev

18、er, he still keeps 10 (try)new things. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案答案 语篇解读 主人公Lonnie喜欢拆卸物品,有时把它们组装起来,有时从不同的元件里组装出新的东西。渐渐地,他成为 一个发明家,发明了许多东西。现在他拥有100多样发明,但他仍然坚持尝试新的事物。 1.sometimes 本题考查音标。由音标可知本空填sometimes。 2.parts 本题考查名词复数。part表示“零部件”时是可数名词,根据语义可知用复数形式parts。 3.an 本题考查不定冠词的使用。由句意可知,他梦想成为一名发明家,所以填

19、写不定冠词。由于inventor 是以元音音素开头的单词,所以填an。 4.him 本题考查代词。由句意可知,他的朋友们称他为“小发明家”,所以要填宾格代词him作宾语。 5.became 本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,此处表示过去的动作,应用一般过去时,所以填became。 6.But 本题考查连词的使用。由语境可知,上下文是转折的关系,所以填But。 7.toy 本题考查音标。由音标可知应填toy。 8.across 本题考查音标。由音标可知应填across。 9.useful 本题考查形容词的用法。形容词用来修饰名词,此处应用形容词useful修饰inventions。 10.try

20、ing 本题考查非谓语动词。keep后面应使用动名词形式,所以填trying。 Cloze 4(2017福建) 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准 确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The Chongyang Festival is a traditional Chinese festival. It is celebrated on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. Its also 1 (call)the Double Ninth Festival. The festival

21、started as 2 /li/ as the Warring States Period(475221 BC). It has a history of more than 2,000 years. Among the numbers from zero to nine, nine is the 3 (high) odd number(奇数). People be- lieve that two“nines”meeting together stand for a long life. So it is a special holiday 4 Chinese people to show

22、love and respect for their elders. They hold many 5 (kind)of activities in honor of old people, wishing them good 6 /hel/ and a long life. The festival comes during the golden time of 7 /fl/. On the day, people traditionally drink chrysanthe- mum(菊花)wine, eat Double-Ninth Cakes 8 climb mountains. Th

23、ey also carry a kind of plant named dog- wood. People in ancient times believed that 9 plant could drive away evil(邪恶的)spirits and prevent them from 10 (catch)an illness in winter. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文讲述的是重阳节这一中国传统节日,重点讲述了节日的由来、传统习俗和寓意。 1.called 它也被称作重九节。根据语义可知本句应为被动语态,应用过去分词c

24、alled。 2.early 这个节日最早起源于战国时期。根据句意及音标可知填early。 3.highest 在0到9这几个数字中,9是最大的奇数。根据句意可知应填最高级highest。 4.for 因此它对于中国人来说是一个向老年人表达爱和敬意的特殊节日。根据语义本空填for。 5.kinds 为了向老人表达敬意,他们举办多种活动,祝福老人健康长寿。kind为可数名词,意为“种类”, many kinds of.意为“许多种类的”。 6.health 由音标和本空前的形容词good可知本空应填名词health。 7.fall 这个节日在金秋时节来临。根据句意和所给音标可知应填fall。 8

25、.and 在那天,人们通常喝菊花酒,吃重阳糕,并且登高。本句含有几个并列的动词短语,应用and 连接。 9.the 古时候人们认为这种植物能驱邪,防止他们冬天染上疾病。上文出现了a kind of plant,本空为第二 次提到plant,重复出现的名词前应用冠词the,故本空填the。 10.catching 前面有介词from,所以本空应用动名词形式。 Cloze 5(2016福州) 阅读下面短文,根据中文、首字母、音标或语境的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词,要求所填的单 词意义准确,拼写正确。 In New York City public schools, 176 differe

26、nt languages are spokena 1 more than one million students. For 160,000 children, English is not their first language. New Yorks Department of Education makes learning b 2 for these students by providing dual-language(双语)programs. Students are taught in two languages, English and 3 one, such as Frenc

27、h, German or Japanese. Math, social studies, science and all other regular courses are taught in both languages. And they learn about the 4 /klt(r)/ of the other country. Milady Baez, a headmaster, says these dual-language programs will help children succeed in the future. “The jobs of the future 5

28、/rkwa(r)/ that our students know more than one language. Theyre going to travel 6 (在国外) and communicate with people from all over the world. This will open doors for them.” Shuya Zhang 7 (教) a dual-language class. She says, “America started economic relationships with China. Lots of factories were b

29、 8 ;companies moved to China. They need people with both language skills.” Anna, a Russian girl came to America 9 she was two years old. She says the Russian-English program keeps her connected to her heritage and her parents happy. Nowadays, more and more 10 (外国人) come to China. Perhaps in the futu

30、re, your school will also provide them with the dual-language program. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案答案 语篇解读 美国的公立学校为学生们提供双语教育,让他们了解其他国家的文化,以便他们更好地与世界交流。 1.among 根据语境可知,这里要使用介词,再结合句意:超过100万名学生讲176种不同的语言。由此可知 答案。 2.better 根据句意可知,纽约教育部通过提供双语计划使学生学习得更好。由此可知答案。 3.another 根据句意可知,这里说的是另外一门语言。由此可知答案。 4.

31、culture 根据音标可知答案。 5.require 根据音标可知答案。 6.abroad 根据汉语提示可知答案。 7.teaches 根据汉语提示可知答案。注意时态是一般现在时,人称是第三人称单数。 8.built 根据句意可知,这里说的是很多工厂被建设。由此可知答案。 9.when 句意为:Anna,一个俄国女孩,她在2岁的时候来到美国。由此可知答案。 10.foreigners 根据汉语提示和语境可知,这里应该使用该名词的复数形式。由此可知答案。 Cloze 6(2016漳州) 阅读下面的短文,根据中文、音标或语境的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词。 On April 21, th

32、e Olympic flame (火焰) was lit at the Temple of Hera in southern Greece. This 1 (意味着) the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games in August is coming close. The flame was first lit at the 1928 games in Amsterdam. So far, about 90 years has passed and the flame has traveled around the world, reaching Mount E

33、verest and even outer 2 /spes/. The Olympic flame stands 3 the positive ideas that man has always connected with fire. It is also a 4 / brd/ between the ancient and modern Olympic Games. It is a tradition to pass the flame around 5 the start of the Olympic Games. This is called the torch relay. For

34、the Rio Olympics, there will be about 12,000 torchbearers (火炬手) during the relay. The special thing is, for the first time in 6 /hstri/, a Syrian refugee (叙利亚难民) was among the torchbearers who passed the torch in Greece. It wanted to show a message:sports can 7 the world better. There are also some

35、Chi- nese faces that you may know, for example, Chinese 8 (男演员) Yang Yang, who just finished passing the flame in Greece. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文主要介绍了奥运火炬的相关知识。 1.means 根据汉语提示和后面的is可知,这里应该使用一般现在时。 2.space 根据音标提示可知答案。 3.for stand for为固定搭配,意为“代表”。 4.bridge 根据音标提示可知答案。 5.before 根据句意可知答案。 6

36、.history 根据音标提示可知答案。 7.make 根据文意和句子的语法结构可知答案。 8.actor 根据汉语提示可知答案。 B组 20162020年全国中考题组 Cloze 1(2020河北) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mum and I were just going out when it began to rain. We had to stay at home, and I 1 (feel) quite bored. Mum got 2 idea. She suggested teaching me to make dumplings.

37、I thought it could be fun, so I said OK. Mum cut the meat and cabbages into small pieces 3 (quick). Then she showed me 4 to mix them with salt and oil. “Mixing is the most important of all the 5 (step),”she said. I also made some other preparations with her help. When everything was ready, Dad came

38、back home 6 his office. Together the three of 7 (we) wrapped(包) the dumplings. At last, we 8 (cook)them. They were so delicious that I ate 9 (many) than twenty. That was the 10 (one) time I learnt to make dumplings. It was enjoyable! 答案答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了妈妈教我包饺子的经历。 1.felt 由本空前的were,began和had to可知,

39、本空也应用一般过去时态,故填felt。 2.an 设空处后的idea为可数名词,在本句中表示泛指,故本空需填不定冠词;idea以元音音素开头,故填不 定冠词an。 3.quickly 本空修饰动词cut,应用副词形式,故本空填quickly。 4.how 句意:然后她展示给我怎样把它们与盐和油混合在一起。由句意可知本空填how。 5.steps 由本空前的修饰语all the可知本空应用可数名词复数,故填steps。 6.from 固定短语come back home from.意为“从回家”,由此可知本空填介词from。 7.us 本空前为介词of,介词后应用人称代词的宾格形式,故填us。

40、8.cooked 本空前后都用的一般过去时态,由此可知本空也应该用一般过去时态,故填cooked。 9.more more than超过,多于。故填more。 10.first 句意:那是我第一次学包饺子。由句意可知本空填序数词first。 Cloze 2(2020湖北黄冈) 阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。(每空不超过三个 词) Hometown Feelings Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year.

41、 Nowadays 1 (million) of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. Among these is Zhong Wei, a 46- year-old husband and father. He 2 (live) in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. With a hard job in a factory, he doesnt find much time to visit his hometown. “I used 3 (return) home at

42、 least once a year, but I havent been back for three years now,” he says. Many people like Zhong Wei are 4 (interest) in how their hometowns have changed. Perhaps large hospi- tals and new roads have appeared. 5 many places, the government has also built new schools and sent teachers from the cities

43、 to help. “I noticed thats true of my hometown,” adds Zhong Wei. “Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school 6 the mid-20th century. But now the buildings are 7 (real) old. I hear theyre go- ing to build a new school there.” Zhong Wei thinks such developments are good, and he a

44、lso knows that his hometown cannot always stay the same. According to Zhong Wei, 8 , some things will never change. “In my hometown, there was a big old tree opposite the school. It is still there and has become quite a symbol of the place. Most of the children in my time 9 (like) to play together u

45、nder that big tree, especially during the summer holidays. It was such a happy childhood. Our hometown has left many soft and sweet 10 (memory) in our hearts.” 答案答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个叫钟伟的人离开家乡多年去城市里打工。家乡给他留下了许多美好 的回忆,他希望自己的家乡越来越好。 1.millions millions of大量的,表示数量很多。故答案为millions。 2.has lived 根据for the

46、 last 13 years可知应该用现在完成时。因为本句主语是He,所以用助动词have的第 三人称单数形式has,故答案为has lived。 3.to return used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”,暗含现在不这样做了。故答案为to return。 4.interested be interested in表示“对感兴趣”。此处表示许多像钟伟一样的人对他们的家乡是如何 变化的非常感兴趣。故答案为interested。 5.In “in+地点”表示“在某地”。注意首字母大写。故答案为In。 6.since 自从20世纪中期以来,在我的小学母校中,孩子们学会了阅读和数数。

47、since自从以来。故答 案为since。 7.really 本空修饰形容词old,应用副词。故答案为really。 8.however 上文提到钟伟知道他的家乡不可能一直保持不变,而设空处后说有一些东西永远不会改变,所 以上下文是转折关系,however表示“然而”,其后用逗号。所以本空填however。 9.liked 根据本句话的主语Most of the children in my time可知,这是在回忆当时所发生的事情,应该用一般 过去时。故答案为liked。 10.memories memory作“回忆”讲时,为可数名词。此处用many修饰,memory应用复数形式,故答案为

48、memories。 On Saturday morning, every boy in town is happy, except Tom Sawyer. He has to paint the fence because he 1 (punish) for the mistakes he made yesterday. The fence is at least nine 2 (foot) high and runs nearly half the block long. After only a few strokes, he sits down and begins to think of all