2021年福建中考英语复习练习课件：01专题一　名词.pptx

1、 中考英语 （福建专用） 第一部分 基础知识运用 专题一 名词 A组 福建中考题组 1.(2020福建,23)I like best. So do I. I take singing classes every weekend. A.music B.physics C.math 答案答案 A 句意:我最喜欢音乐。我也是。我每周末都上声乐课。本题考查名词辨析。根据答语 中的So do I.和take singing classes可知选A。 2.(2019福建,24)What should we do for the camping trip? Wed better make a of thin

2、gs like foods, drinks, medicine and so on. A.list B.card C.report 答案答案 A 句意:我们应该为野营旅行做什么?我们最好列一张诸如食物、饮料、药等物品的清 单。本题考查名词。list清单; card卡片;report报道。根据后面的like foods,drinks, medicine and so on可知, 此处是指列出一张清单。故选A。 3.(2018福建,31)I dont know how to use the App Fun Dubbing. Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of in

3、 doing it. A.experience B.trouble C.courage 答案答案 A 句意:我不知道如何使用“英语趣配音”这个应用软件。找吉米帮忙吧,他在这方面 有很多经验。本题考查名词辨析。experience经历,经验;trouble困难,麻烦;courage勇气。根据句意可知选 A。 4.(2017福建,29)Nowadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera. Thats true. Its an important part of Chinese . A.culture

4、B.invention C.custom 答案答案 A 句意:现如今越来越多的外国人变得对京剧感兴趣。是的,它是中国文化的一个重要 部分。本题考查名词辨析。京剧是中国文化的一部分。culture意为“文化”;invention意为“发明”;cus- tom意为“风俗”。根据句意可知本题选择A。 5.(2016福州,29)Who is the person you admire the most? Qian Xuesen, the Father of Chinas Missiles. He is the of China. A.leader B.pride C.voice 答案答案 B 句意:谁

5、是你最钦佩的人?钱学森,“中国导弹之父”。他是中国的骄傲。本题考查名 词词义辨析。leader领导人;pride骄傲;voice声音。根据句意可知选B。 易错警示易错警示 钱学森是“中国导弹之父”,本题考查学生是否对钱学森有所了解,他不是中国的领导人(lead- er),而是中国的骄傲(pride)。 6.(2016漳州,32)Whats your favorite ,Julia? I like spring best. A.movie B.season C.weather 答案答案 B 句意:朱莉娅,你最喜欢什么季节?我最喜欢春季。本题考查名词词义辨析。movie电 影;season季节;w

6、eather天气。根据答语中的spring(春季)可知选B。 7.(2020福建,89)For centuries,much land has been devoted (奉献) to rice-planting and many Chinese people are (farmer), who work very hard for each grain. 答案答案 farmers 本题考查名词复数。由主语many Chinese people可知,farmer应用复数形式。 8.(2019福建,81) Before paper was invented, people wrote or dr

7、ew on materials such as bamboo, /slk/, animal hide, and wooden blocks. 答案答案 silk 由音标可知答案为名词silk。牢记元音字母发音规律,i在重读开音节中发/a/,在重读闭音节 中发/。 9.(2019福建,85)Cai Lun began experimenting(试验) with many different materials and different (method) to turn those materials into paper. 答案答案 methods 由different可知,此处应用名词的复

8、数形式,故填methods。 10.(2018福建,82)Other times he made new things from different (part). 答案答案 parts 本题考查名词复数。part表示“零部件”时是可数名词,根据different可知用复数形式 parts。 11.(2018福建,87)Lonnie got the idea for this /t/while working on another invention. 答案答案 toy 本题考查音标。由音标可知应填名词toy。 12.(2017福建,86)They hold many kinds of act

9、ivities in honor of old people, wishing them good /hel/ and a long life. 答案答案 health 由音标和本空前的形容词good可知本空应填名词health。wish sb.good health祝某人身体健 康。 13.(2017福建,85)They hold many (kind)of activities in honor of old people, wishing them good health and a long life. 答案答案 kinds kinds由many可知应用复数形式。 B组 2016202

10、0年全国中考题组 考点一 名词词义辨析 1.(2020广东深圳,13)Have you reminded your father about grandmothers birthday party? Yes, Ive left him a(an) . A.magazine B.article C.message 答案答案 C 句意:你提醒过你父亲奶奶生日聚会的事儿了吗?是的,我给他留了言。本题考查名 词。magazine杂志;article文章;message信息。leave a message 留言。故选C。 2.(2020河北,35)In a restaurant, people usua

11、lly choose food and drink from the . A.book B.menu C.newspaper D.magazine 答案答案 B 句意:在餐馆里,人们通常从菜单里选择食物和饮料。book书;menu菜单; newspaper报纸; maga- zine杂志。由句意可知本题选B。 3.(2020贵州贵阳,33)“Tara, whats your favorite ?” “Orange. Half of my dresses are orange.” A.fruit B.drink C.color 答案答案 C 句意:“塔拉,你最喜欢什么颜色?”“橙红色。我一半的连

12、衣裙都是橙红色的。”本题考查名 词。fruit水果;drink饮料;color颜色。根据答语中的Half of my dresses are orange.可知这里问的是颜色。故 选C。 审题技巧审题技巧 orange可表示“橙子”“橙汁”“橙红色”,具体的意思要根据上下文的语境来判断。 4.(2019山东青岛,1)Lucy, how about going to the ? Sounds great! Reading books can give us much pleasure. A.library B.cinema C.museum D.concert 答案答案 A 句意:露西,去图书馆

13、怎么样?听起来很好!读书能给我们很多乐趣。本题考查名词词 义辨析。答语中提到读书的好处,由此可知是提议去看书,应该去图书馆。故选A。library图书馆;cinema 电影院;museum博物馆;concert音乐会。 5.(2019江西,31)My daughter helps me cook, but she isnt old enough to be left alone in the . A.bedroom B.classroom C.lab D.kitchen 答案答案 D 句意:我女儿帮我做饭,但她还没到可以独自待在厨房里的年龄。本题考查名词词义辨析。根 据前面的cook可知,这里

14、应该说的是厨房。故选D。 6.(2019安徽,32)You can see the on our faces when we talk about the great achievements in the past 70 years. A.doubt B.pride C.regret D.ability 答案答案 B 句意:当我们谈论过去70年的伟大成就时,你可以看到我们的脸上洋溢着自豪。本题考查名词 词义辨析。A选项意为“怀疑”;B选项意为“自豪”;C选项意为“后悔”;D选项意为“能力”。因为谈 到过去的伟大成就,所以流露出自豪的神情。 7.(2019河北,27)I like this s

15、ong. Its by one of my favorite . A.singers B.dancers C.painters D.writers 答案答案 A 句意:我喜欢这首歌。它是由我最喜欢的歌手之一演唱的。本题考查名词词义辨析。A选项意 为“歌手”; B选项意为“舞者”;C选项意为“画家”;D选项意为“作家”。根据句意可知本题选择A。 8.(2019天津,23)The of this activity is to raise money for a new hospital. A.silence B.purpose C.culture D.language 答案答案 B 句意:这个活动

16、的目的是为一所新医院募捐。本题考查名词词义辨析。silence寂静,安静;pur- pose目的;culture 文化;language 语言。由句意可知本题答案为B。 9.(2019重庆,24)One of the book is missing, so I cant learn the whole story. A.copy B.page C.writer D.reader 答案答案 B 句意:这本书的一页不见了,所以我无法了解整个故事。本题考查名词词义辨析。copy复制品; page页;writer作者;reader读者。根据句意可知,其中的一页不见了,故选B。 10.(2019四川成都

17、,31)Sallys favorite is orange. I see. Thats why all her sweaters are orange. A.fruit B.color C.juice 答案答案 B 句意:Sally最喜欢的颜色是橙色。我明白了,那就是为什么她所有的毛衣都是橙色 的。本题考查名词词义辨析。fruit意为“水果”;color意为“颜色”;juice意为“果汁”。由句意可知本 题选择B。 知识拓展知识拓展 注意本题题干中的orange一词,orange作名词,意为“橙子,橙色,橙子汁”;作形容词,意为“橙色 的”。 11.(2018河北,27)Did you hea

18、r the ? A scientist will visit our school. A.advice B.news C.praise D.choice 答案答案 B 句意:你听说那个消息了吗?一个科学家将参观我们的学校。本题考查名词词义辨析。advice意 为“建议”;news意为“新闻,消息”;praise意为“表扬,赞扬”;choice意为“选择”。由句意可知本题选 B。 词汇拓展词汇拓展 news意为“新闻,消息”,为不可数名词。其常见的短语和谚语有:a piece of good news一条好 消息;some bad news一些坏消息;No news is good news.

19、没有消息就是好消息。 12.(2018江西,32)I live near a big . It gets very noisy on match days. A.hospital B.store C.bank D.playground 答案答案 D 句意:我住在一个大操场附近。在比赛的日子里它很吵闹。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据下一 句中的on match days可知,此处是操场(playground)。hospital医院;store商店;bank银行。 思路分析思路分析 选项要放在语境中来思考,句意要符合逻辑。只有playground与noisy、match相符。 13.(2018河南,2

20、3)Its useless to regret what has been done. Dont make those mistakes again. I wont. Thats a(n) . A.order B.decision C.promise D.agreement 答案答案 C 句意:后悔已经做过的事情是没有用的,不要再犯那些错误了。我不会了,那是一个承 诺(我承诺)。本题考查名词词义辨析。order订单,命令;decision决定;promise承诺;agreement协定。根据句 意可知选C。 14.(2018湖北武汉,36)Kate, Im going shopping. An

21、ything to buy for you? Yes, that will save me a . A.hand B.trip C.visit D.bill 答案答案 B 句意:凯特,我要去购物。需要为你买些东西吗?是的,那样就省得我再去一趟了。本题 考查名词词义辨析。hand意为“手”;trip意为“旅行,行程”;visit意为“参观,拜访”;bill意为“账单”。 根据句意可知本题选B。 15.(2018浙江温州,2)What was the of the football match last night? AC Milan won the game. A.value B.result

22、C.choice D.decision 答案答案 B 句意:昨天晚上的足球赛的结果是什么?AC米兰赢得了比赛。本题考查名词词义辨 析。value价值;result结果;choice选择;decision决定。 解题关键解题关键 根据题干中的“won the game”可知,问话人想知道比赛的结果。 16.(2017天津,24)Dont stand too close to North Americans. Youd better give them more personal . A.time B.system C.space D.pity 答案答案 C 句意:别站得离北美人太近。你最好给他们

23、更多的个人空间。本题考查名词词义辨析。time意 为“时间”,system意为“系统”,space意为“空间”,pity意为“遗憾”。根据句意可知应选C项。 17.(2017安徽,33)The New Silk Road will offer a good for more nations to communicate. A.chance B.habit C.question D.price 答案答案 A 句意:新丝绸之路将给更多的国家提供一个交流的好机会。本题考查名词词义辨析。chance机 会;habit习惯;question问题;price价格。根据句意可知选A项。 18.(2017江西

24、,30)Do you have any for tonight yet? Not yet. What about having a picnic on the beach? A.problems B.news C.plans D.rules 答案答案 C 句意:你今晚有什么计划吗?还没有。在海滩上野餐怎么样?本题考查名词词义辨析。 problem问题;news新闻;plan计划;rule规则。根据语境可知,两人正在商量晚上的“计划”,故选C项。 19.(2016山西,16)During the next few days, I decide to have a good by taking a

25、 walk or seeing a movie. I really need to relax. A.meal B.sleep C.rest 答案答案 C 句意:接下来的几天,我决定通过散步或看电影好好休息一下。我真的需要放松。本题考查名 词词义辨析。meal一顿饭;sleep睡眠;rest休息,have a good rest好好休息。根据句意可知答案为C项。 20.(2016重庆,25)Its hot today. Have some , please. No, thanks. Im not thirsty at all. A.water B.potatoes C.bread D.cake

26、s 答案答案 A 句意:今天很热,请喝点水吧。不,谢谢。我一点也不渴。本题考查名词词义辨析。由 thirsty可知上一句提到的应该是喝的东西,只有water符合语境。 21.(2016安徽,32)Cathy has such a good that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year. A.sleep B.idea C.voice D.time 答案答案 C 句意:Cathy有如此好的嗓音以至于她去年在歌唱比赛中得了许多奖。本题考查名词词义辨 析。sleep睡眠;idea想法;voice 嗓音;time时间。根据句意可知答

27、案为C项。 1.(2019山东临沂,64)In America, 95% of pet owners think of their animals as family (member). 考点二 名词填空 答案答案 members 句意:在美国,95%的宠物主人把他们的宠物当成家庭成员。本题考查名词的数。mem- ber为可数名词,设空前没有冠词,故要用复数形式。 2.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特,66)He asked for two (week) leave to look after his sick father. 答案答案 weeks ask for two weeks leave请两个

28、星期的假。 3.(2018浙江绍兴,46)How sweet these (grape)taste! 答案答案 grapes 句意:这些葡萄是多么甜啊!设空处前是指示代词these,因此设空处要使用名词的复数形 式。 4.(2018浙江金华,64)The children also learn many (skill)like how to live in the wild. 答案答案 skills 句意:孩子们也学习了许多技能,例如如何在野外生存。本题考查名词的数。设空处前的 many修饰可数名词复数。 C组 教师专用题组 考点一 名词词义辨析 1.(2019广西北部湾经济区,34)In C

29、hina, the color red is the of good luck. A.dream B.way C.symbol D.reason 答案答案 C 句意:在中国,红色是好运的象征。本题考查名词的词义辨析。dream梦想;way方式,道路;sym- bol象征,标志;reason理由。根据句意可知此处应选C。 2.(2018山西,25)Reading the first of each paragraph before you read the whole text helps you get the main idea quickly. A.letter B.word C.sent

30、ence 答案答案 C 句意:在你读整篇文章之前,先读一下每一段的第一句话,这可以帮助你快速了解(文章的)主要 意思。本题考查名词词义辨析。letter意为“字母,信”;word意为“单词”;sentence意为“句子”。由句 意可知本题选择C。 3.(2018云南,23)I like the named The World of English very much. Me, too. I have read it for many years. A.game B.program C.movie D.magazine 答案答案 D 句意:我非常喜欢那本叫作英语世界的杂志。我也是。我已经读了很多

31、年。本题 考查名词词义辨析。game游戏,比赛;program节目;movie电影;magazine杂志。根据答语中的“read”可知, 只有D项符合语境。故选D项。 4.(2018江苏南京,11)Do you have this T-shirt in a small ? Im afraid not. It only comes in medium. A.size B.colour C.material D.taste 答案答案 A 句意:你有这件T恤衫的小号吗?恐怕没有。它只有中号。本题考查名词词义辨析。 size尺寸,大小;colour颜色;material材料;taste味道。根据答语中

32、的It only comes in medium.可知,此处询问衣 服的尺码,故选A项。 5.(2017云南,33)My father has made a that he will buy a camera for me. A.suggestion B.secret C.problem D.decision 答案答案 D 句意:我的父亲已经决定为我买一台照相机。本题考查名词词义辨析。decision决定;suggestion 建议;secret秘密;problem问题。根据语境可知应该选择D项。 6.(2017贵州贵阳,31)There is a in my neighborhood and

33、 I often go there to see tigers. A.zoo B.bank C.school 答案答案 A 句意:我家附近有一个动物园,我经常去那儿看老虎。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据句中的 tigers可知zoo(动物园)符合句意,故选A项。bank 银行;school学校,不符合句意。 7.(2017新疆乌鲁木齐,25)If you can speak English well, you will have a great over others when looking for a job. A.activity B.article C.attention D.advant

34、age 答案答案 D 句意:如果你英语讲得好,找工作时,和别人相比你就会有很大优势。have a great advantage over sb.和某人比有很大的优势。 8.(2017内蒙古包头,25)If you need further about our products, please surf theInternet. A.information B.experience C.practice D.expression 答案答案 A 句意:如果你需要我们产品的更多信息,请上网搜索。本题考查名词词义辨析。information 信 息;experience 经验;practice 实践

35、;expression 表达。根据句意可知选A。 9.(2016江苏连云港,8)Its useful for the deaf people to learn sign language. Yes,its a major way of for them. A.suggestion B.vacation C.production D.communication 答案答案 D 句意:学习手语对于耳聋的人很有用。是的,这是他们的一种主要的交流方式。本题 考查名词词义辨析。suggestion建议;vacation假期;production生产;communication交流,a major way

36、of communication一种主要的交流方式,符合题意。故选D项。 10.(2016山东青岛,2)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a . A.cough B.toothache C.cold D.fever 答案答案 D 句意:Nancy量了量她的体温发现她发烧了。本题考查名词词义辨析。have a cough 咳嗽;have a toothache牙痛;have a cold 感冒;have a fever发烧。根据句意可知答案为D项。 考点二 名词填空 1.(2016重庆,27,改编)Its sports time. Most

37、 boy (student)in Class 1 are playing football in the play- ground. 答案答案 students 句意:到了运动时间了。一班的多数男生正在操场上踢足球。本题考查名词单数变复 数。由谓语动词are可知应用复数形式。 2.(2015黑龙江哈尔滨,5,改编)Health is important for us teenagers,so we should eat more vegetables such as (tomato) and potatoes to keep healthy. 答案答案 tomatoes 句意:健康对我们青少年

38、很重要。因此我们应该吃更多诸如西红柿和土豆之类的蔬菜以 保持健康。考查名词复数形式。tomato与potato的复数形式需在词尾加-es。 考点一 名词词义辨析 1.(2020福州质检,21)Do you have any , Steve? Sure! I have a dog and two cats. A.pets B.kids C.brothers 答案答案 A 句意:Steve,你有宠物吗?当然!我有一只狗和两只猫。本题考查名词词义辨析。从答 句的a dog和two cats可以推出是问有没有宠物,故选A。kid孩子,brother兄弟。 2.(2020龙岩质检,26)Excuse m

39、e, madam, may I have the ? Yes, the total price is 60 dollars. A.menu B.order C.bill 答案答案 C 句意:打扰一下,女士,我可以结账了吗?可以,总共是60美元。本题考查名词词义辨 析。menu菜单,order订单,bill账单。从答语中的60 dollars可知是问是否可以结账了,故选C。 3.(2020龙岩质检,29)Nothing matters more than peoples safety and . Yes, life is the most important. A.health B.wealth

40、 C.happiness 答案答案 A 句意:没有什么比人们的安全和健康更重要。是的,生命是最重要的。本题考查名词 词义辨析。health健康,wealth财富,happiness幸福。根据life is the most important可知选A。 4.(2020三明质检,25)I dont have the to tell her the bad news. Never mind. She is old enough to face it bravely. A.chance B.courage C.choice 答案答案 B 句意:我没有勇气告诉她这个坏消息。没关系。她足够大可以勇敢地面

41、对它了。本题 考查名词词义辨析。chance机会,courage勇气,choice选择。根据句意可知选B。 5.(2020泉州质检,21)Was the monument built in of the PLA? Yes. The soldiers saved all the villagers in that flood. A.view B.memory C.support 答案答案 B 句意:这个纪念碑是为了纪念中国人民解放军而建的吗?是的。在那次洪灾中,战士们 救了所有的村民。本题考查名词词义辨析。view视野,看法;memory纪念;support支持。固定搭配in memo- ry

42、of sb.为了纪念某人,故选B。 6.(2020莆田质检,27)The food safety is still a serious in many countries. Luckily, China is taking measures to solve it. A.project B.program C.problem 答案答案 C 句意:在许多国家,食品安全仍然是一个严重的问题。幸运的是,中国正采取措施来解 决这个问题。本题考查名词词义辨析。project计划,program节目,problem问题。根据句意及solve可知,此 处表示“问题”,故选C。 7.(2019龙岩质检,30)

43、In some countries, women are always forced to make a between family and career. A.choice B.change C.check 答案答案 A 句意:在一些国家,妇女们总是被迫在家庭和职业之间做出选择。本题考查名词词义辨析。 choice选择;change变化;check检查。根据句意可知选A。 8.(2019莆田质检,29)Its necessary for us to form a of never putting off anything today till tomorrow. A.custom B.ha

44、bit C.tradition 答案答案 B 句意:对我们来说养成今日事今日毕的习惯是必要的。custom习俗;habit习惯;tradition传统。本 题考查名词词义辨析。根据句意可知选B。 9.(2019福建名校模拟,32)Oh dear! There isnt enough for us in the lift. No hurry. Lets wait for the next. A.floor B.seat C.room 答案答案 C 句意:天哪!电梯里没有足够的空间容纳我们了。别急,让我们等下一趟吧。floor地板, 地面;seat座位;room空间(不可数名词)。本题考查名词词义

45、辨析。根据句意可知选C。 10.(2018宁德质检,24)Where can we learn more of how to protect personal information? On the Students Safety Education Platform(平台). A.knowledge B.energy C.courage 答案答案 A 句意:我们在哪里可以学到更多怎样保护个人信息的知识?在学生安全教育平台。本 题考查名词词义辨析。knowledge知识,energy能源,courage勇气,根据句意可知选A。 考点二 名词填空 1.(2020南平质检,84)According

46、 to folk (story), the dish became well-known when Su went to Hangzhou, Zhejiang to take office. 答案答案 stories story是可数名词,此处表泛指,故用它的复数形式stories。 2.(2020宁德质检,83)Later on, ancient Greeks used their knowledge of /m/ and science to make maps. 答案答案 math 根据science及音标可知填math。 3.(2020莆田质检,82)Though its made u

47、p of two (word), climate emergency is treated as a single word, in the same way as heart attack. 答案答案 words word是可数名词,前面有数词two,故用word的复数形式。 4.(2020泉州质检,88)Zhong led his team to Wuhan to fight against the (ill). 答案答案 illness 根据句意及空前面的the可知,此处应用名词illness。 5. (2018南平质检,89)Wus strong performance in the Chinese ancient rhythm works earned her lots of /fnz/ and encouraged others to learn ancient works. 答案答案 fans 根据音标可知填名词fans,意为“粉丝们”。 一、选择填空 1.(2019江苏苏州,3,改编)Keep quiet, son!I need complete when Im working. Sorry, Dad. I wont make any noise again. A.trust B.si