2021年湖南中考英语复习练习课件：20专题二十　语篇填空.pptx

1、 中考英语 （湖南专用） 专题二十 语篇填空 A组 20162020年湖南中考题组 一、一、(2020郴州) 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文完整、通顺(每空一词,每词限用一次)。 money river finally look he who help lazy but about Once upon a time,there lived a wise man. Everyone looked up to him. His son,however,was very 1. and did nothing all day. The wise man was worried 2. h

2、is sons future. One day,he said to his son,“I want you to go to find some treasure.”Then he gave his son a bag. Inside the bag were clothes,some food,a little 3. and a map. The son set out on his long journey the next day. He had to travel across forests, 4. and mountains. Along the way,he met a lot

3、 of people. They 5. him when he was in trouble. He also came across robbers(强盗). He saw the beauty of nature and experienced different kinds of weather. 6. ,after a long year,he reached the treasures location. He spent two days 7. for the treasure,but found nothing. Disappointed,he began to go back

4、home. On his way back,he learned to hunt(打猎)and make meals. He had to fix his own clothes himself. He met the same people 8. had helped him earlier. This time,he stayed and helped them. When he reached home,he said sorry to 9. father for not finding the treasure. “There wasnt any treasure in the pla

5、ce,my son, 10. I think you have found your lifes true purpose,”the father answered with a smile. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。从前有位智者,受人尊敬,但他的儿子非常懒惰,于是这位智者就让儿子去寻找宝 藏。等到儿子回来时,他告诉智者没有找到任何宝藏。智者却欣慰地告诉他,他已在寻宝的途中找到了人 生的真正目的。 1.lazy 由后文and did nothing all day可知,他的儿子非常懒惰。故填lazy。 2.about be worried about 担忧。故填about。 3.

6、money 包里有一些食物、衣服、一点钱和一张地图。故填money。 4.rivers 根据本句的forests和mountains可知,此处应填与之同类的river,且forests和mountains都是复数形 式,故填rivers。 5.helped 根据后文when he was in trouble可知,当他有困难时别人帮助了他。此处要注意时态,when引导 的时间状语从句是一般过去时,故填helped。 6.Finally 根据后文可知,经过了一年的时间,他最终到达了宝藏所在的位置。故填Finally。 7.looking 根据语境可知他花了两天时间寻找宝藏。再结合固定搭配spen

7、d some time doing sth. “做某事 花费时间”和look for sth. “寻找某物”可知,应填looking。 8.who 设空处引导定语从句。先行词是people,关系代词用who。 9.his 此处是指他对他的父亲说抱歉。修饰father应用形容词性物主代词。 故填his。 10.but 父亲笑着说:“那个地方没有任何宝藏,儿子,但是我认为你已经找到了你人生的真正目的。” 此 处表转折,故填but。 长难句长难句 He met the same people who had helped him earlier. 他遇到了之前帮助过他的人。 who引导定语从句,先行

8、词是people。 重点词汇重点词汇 look up to 尊敬,仰慕 experience v. 经历 词汇积累词汇积累 set out 出发,动身 二、(2020衡阳) 根据所给汉语或英文首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。 Forests are the lungs of the earth. Without them, it cannot breathe. It needs its forests to remove carbon dioxide from the air and to make oxygen. In many countries, such as New Zealand,

9、Canada, and Brazil, forests were cut down to(1) (提供)wood to build houses. Cutting down trees is(2)h to human beings, animals and plants. Many young volunteers around the world are working in their holidays to plant new trees to replace them. These young men and women(3)f many difficulties when they

10、plant new trees. The weather may be very hot and dry or may be very cold and wet. Tree(4) (种植者)are changing the world. They plant different types of trees so that birds and animals can live in the forests. They(5)b that in 50 years their little trees will become beautiful forests. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文讲述了森林的

11、重要性以及一些年轻人种树的经历。 1.offer 句意:在很多国家,如新西兰、加拿大和巴西,森林被砍伐以提供木材建房子。 2.harmful 句意:砍伐树木对人类、动物和植物都有害。be harmful to对有害。 3.find 句意:这些年轻的男女在种植新树的时候发现了很多困难。根据首字母提示及句意可知填find。 4.planters 句意:树木种植者正在改变世界。planter种植者,根据句中的are可知用复数形式planters。 5.believe 句意:他们相信50年以后,他们的小树将会变成漂亮的森林。根据首字母提示及句意可知填be- lieve。 三、三、(2020怀化) 阅读

12、下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。(每空限填一词) Today there are already robots working in factories. Some can 1 (help)to build cars,and they do simple jobs over and over again. Fewer people will do such jobs in the future 2 they are boring,but robots will never get bored. Scientists are now 3 (try)to make robo

13、ts look like humans and do 4 same things as we do. Some robots in Japan can walk and dance. They are fun to watch. However,some scientists believe it will be 5 (difficulty)to make them really think like a human. Scientists also believe that there will be 6 (many)robots in the future. These new robot

14、s will have many dif- ferent 7 (shape). Some will look like humans,and others might look like animals. 8 India, scientists make robots look like snakes. If buildings fall down with people inside, 9 (this)snake robots can help look for people under the buildings. This was not possible 20 years ago, b

15、ut computers and rockets also seemed 10 (possible)100 years ago. We never know what will happen in the future. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文讲述机器人在人类生活中发挥着很大的作用,并且在未来的生活中,用途不可估量。 1.help can(情态动词)后加动词原形。 2.because 将来,做这样的工作的人会更少,因为它们很无聊,但机器人从不会觉得无聊。前后是因果关系, 故填because。 3.trying 根据前面的时间now及助动词are可知填trying。 4.the the sam

16、e as.是固定搭配,意为“同样的”。 5.difficult 系动词be后应该接形容词,表状态。故填形容词difficult。 6.more 科学家们也相信,在将来,会有更多机器人。根据语境可知是与现在比较,未来会有更多机器人,故 使用比较级more。 7.shapes 设空处前有many (许多)修饰,应使用可数名词复数形式,故填shapes。 8.In in India在印度。大地点前用介词in。 9.these 空后的snake robots意为蛇形机器人,是复数形式,故此处也应用复数形式these。 10.impossible 在20年前这是不可能的,但电脑和火箭在100年前似乎也是

17、不可能的。根据句意可知,此处 应填“不可能的”impossible。 im-是否定前缀。 长难句长难句 We never know what will happen in the future. 我们永远不知道将来会发生什么。 此句为主从复合句。what引导宾语从句。 重点词汇重点词汇 fall down 倒塌;look for 寻找 词汇积累词汇积累 over and over again 反复地;get bored 变得厌烦 四、四、(2020常德) 阅读下面的材料,在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(1个或几个单词),使句子通顺 正确。 1.Is that (you)

18、schoolbag? No, it isnt. 2.They like pears, but they dont like (strawberry). 3.I am very busy Friday. 4.What is he doing? He (use) the computer. 5.The teacher asked Ben (answer)a question in class. 6.The more you read, the (fast) you will be. 7.He (sit) down and began to read a newspaper. 8.I like do

19、gs theyre friendly and smart. 9. a clever boy he is! 10.The word“ginseng”comes from the (China) word“ren-shen”. 11.How yogurt do you need? I need one cup of yogurt. 12. you go to the party, youll have a good time. 13.The telephone (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. 14.Lets visit the kids in

20、hospital and cheer them . 15.That sweater be Carlas. Only she wears such colorful clothes. 答案答案 1.your 句意: 那是你的书包吗? 不,它不是。本题考查形容词性物主代词。设空处后有名词,所 以应使用形容词性物主代词。 2.strawberries 句意:他们喜欢梨,但是他们不喜欢草莓。本题考查名词。表种类可以用名词复数形式。 故答案为strawberries。 3.on 句意:我星期五很忙。本题考查介词。表示“在星期几”用介词on。 4.is using 句意:他正在做什么?他正在使用电脑。本题

21、考查时态。根据句意可知应使用现在进 行时。故答案为is using。 5.to answer 句意: 老师要求Ben在课堂上回答问题。本题考查非谓语动词。 ask sb. to do sth. 意为“要求 某人做某事”,为固定搭配。故填to answer。 6.faster 句意:你读得越多,你读得就会越快。本题考查比较级。“the+比较级,the+比较级”意为“越 ,就越”。 故答案为faster。 7.sat 句意:他坐下开始读报纸。本题考查时态。根据连词and及began可知设空处应为过去式。故答案为 sat。 8.because 句意: 我喜欢狗因为它们友好又聪明。本题考查连词。根据句

22、意可知答案为because。 9.What 句意:他是个多么聪明的男孩啊!本题考查感叹句。根据感叹句结构“What(+a/an)+adj.+n.+主语 +谓语!”或“How+adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)!”及中心词boy为单数可数名词,可知答案为What。 10.Chinese 句意:“ginseng”这个单词来自中文“人参”。本题考查形容词。修饰名词,说明人或物的 特征或性质时应使用形容词。故答案为Chinese。 11.much 句意: 你需要多少酸奶? 我需要一杯酸奶。根据答语可知设空处就数量提问,且yogurt 为不可数名词。故填much。 12.If 句意:如果你去聚会,你会玩

23、得开心。本题考查连词。根据句意可知从句应为if引导的条件状语从 句。 13.was invented 句意:电话是由亚历山大 格拉汉姆 贝尔在1876年发明的。本题考查时态和语态。tele- phone和谓语动词invent之间构成被动关系且时间状语表过去,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。 14.up 句意:让我们去拜访住院的孩子们,并让他们振奋起来。本题考查动词短语。cheer sb. up 意为“让 某人振奋起来”。故答案为up。 15.must 句意: 那件毛衣一定属于卡拉。只有她穿颜色这么鲜艳的衣服。本题考查情态动词。根据后文 “只有她穿颜色这么鲜艳的衣服”可知设空处表百分之百的肯定推测。

24、故答案为must。 五、五、(2019衡阳,A) 根据所给汉语或英文首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。 Confucius was a pioneer in the field of(1) (教育). He was born in the year 551 B.C. He was a great thinker who had many wise ideas about human nature and behavior. His main ideas are about kindness and good manners. He was also a famous philosopher who

25、se wise sayings have (2)i many people in (3)d countries. For example, one of his famous sayings, “He who learns but does not think is lost; he who thinks but does not learn is in (4)d ”, tells us the (5) (重要性)of learning and thinking. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文简要介绍了孔子的主要思想。 1.education 考查名词。设空处作介词of的宾语,故填名词;根据提示词

26、“教育”可知,设空处填educa- tion。in the field of education在教育领域。 2.influenced 考查时态。句意:他还是一位著名的哲学家,他的至理名言影响了不同国家中的许多人。根 据上文及首字母“i”可知,设空处应为动词influence;又根据设空处前的助动词have可知,设空处填过去分 词influenced,与have构成现在完成时。 3.different 考查形容词。设空处作countries的定语,可推知设空处用形容词;设空处后面的名词countries 为复数形式,且本空首字母为“d”,故本空填different,意为“不同的”。 4.dan

27、ger 考查名词。设空处前的in与名词danger构成介词短语in danger,意为“处于危险之中”。 5.importance 考查名词。the importance of.的重要性。 六、六、(2019衡阳,B) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Friends are important to everyone; 1 , some people may have trouble 2 (keep)their friendships. Herere some tips on how to make your friendship 3 (deep) an

28、d stronger. Be yourself. A lot of teens try not to lose the friendship once they become friends with some people. Though your identity(身份)is always changing, some of your personality will stay pretty much 4 same. Find out 5 those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show yoursel

29、f 6 (honest)to the people around you. Avoid gossip(八卦). Friends shouldnt spread rumors(谣言)about other friends. If youve heard something bad about your friends, 7 (find) a proper way of asking them about it by 8 (you). If youre not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice. P

30、rotect your friends. Very often, somebody that youre not close to doubts one of your 9 (friend). Its im- portant to find out both sides of the story, but its also a good chance to show your friend that you trust him by telling him. Return the care. There are times when a friend will lend you a textb

31、ook, or a shoulder to cry on. A good friend will cheer you up when youre in trouble and listen patiently when your friend shares a problem 10 you. Be sure you are as helpful as your friend, because he will take notice and feel good. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文介绍了几条加深友谊的建议。 1.however 考查副词。句意:朋友对每个人来说都很重要,但是有些人可能很难维

32、持他们的友谊。上下文 为转折关系,又根据设空处后的逗号可知,设空处填副词however。 2.keeping 考查固定短语。have trouble (in) doing sth.为固定短语,意为“做某事有困难”。 3.deeper 考查形容词比较级。and连接两个并列成分作宾补;根据and后的stronger可知,设空处需填deep的 比较级形式deeper。 4.the 考查冠词。 stay the same保持一致,保持不变。the same为固定搭配,故设空处填定冠词the。 5.what 考查宾语从句的连接词。此处表示“找出那些东西是什么”。“ 5 those things are”

33、为 宾语从句,作find out的宾语,该从句中缺少表语,且设空处意为“什么”,故填what。 6.honestly 考查副词。 用在动词之后修饰动词,故填副词形式honestly。 7.find 考查祈使句。设空处前面为条件状语从句,设空处及其后面内容为主句,应用祈使句,故填find。 8.yourself 考查反身代词。 本句中作为主句的祈使句省略了主语“you”,设空处与主语you指同一人,需 用反身代词,故填yourself。by oneself独自,单独。 9.friends 考查固定搭配。“one of+your+可数名词的复数形式”为固定搭配。 10.with 考查固定短语。 s

34、hare sth. with sb.与某人分享某事物。 七、七、(2019郴州) 从方框中选择恰当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文完整、通顺(每空一词,每词限用一次)。 but program over work travel comfortable nurse place with she Diana is Australian. She once 1 in a big company. She lived with her friend in a 2 apartment and drove to work. She travelled to many 3 , but she seldom t

35、ook the plane. She was afraid of flying. One day, Diana saw a TV 4 about ORBIS. She learnt about the Flying Eye Hospital. She wanted to help poor people 5 eye problems, so she made up her mind to train as a 6 and attended courses after work. Diana is working for ORBIS now. She has to travel 7 300 da

36、ys a year. She is getting used to 8 by plane. Diana enjoys 9 work. She is glad to be able to help people see again. She does not have as much money as before, 10 she thinks her life is more meaningful. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文介绍了黛安娜及她的工作。 1.worked 由本句中的“once”及下句中的“lived”可知,此句应用一般过去时,故填 worked。 fortable 空格后的 apa

37、rtment是名词,常用形容词修饰,故此处填comfortable。 3.places 由空格前many可知,此空应填名词复数形式。 4.program 由空格前的TV可知,此处应填的是电视上的一档节目,故填 program。 5.with 由空格后的 eye problems可知,这些人有眼睛问题,with表示“有,具有”。故填with。 6.nurse 由空格前的a可知,本空应填单数名词,根据本句及空格后的“ and attended courses after work”可 知此处应填nurse。 7.over 此处表示一年300多天,应填介词over。 8.travelling/tra

38、veling get used to为固定短语,其中to为介词,故填 travelling/traveling。 9.Her 空格后的work是名词,其前常用形容词修饰,再由本句的主语 Diana可知,是女孩的名字,故用her。 10.but 设空处前后存在转折关系,故填but。 八、八、(2018衡阳,B) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 We cant remember clearly since we started to take our mobiles to dinner table. This happens a lot, 1 (espe-

39、cial) when we eat out. Once a dish comes, 2 of lifting our chopsticks, we take out our mobiles and click. Later, we post the photos onto Weibo or Wechat, waiting to be “liked”. Then we check our mobiles from time to time during the meal, to see whether we get“liked” 3 not. We just cannot leave our m

40、obiles for only a meal. Does that sound familiar to you? Do you do that often? If 4 , how do you feel when others do that when hav- ing dinner with you? A recent study suggests that what we are used to 5 (do) is not so good. Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant. To test t

41、his, some researchers did an experiment. Some people were 6 (ask) to take photos before they could enjoy food. As a 7 , it showed that the 8 (many) photos they took, the less delicious the food 9 to them. So, why not stop taking photos and just enjoy the food in front of you? So, next time you go ou

42、t to have dinner with your family or friends, how about not 10 (take) photos of food? Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with people around you. Trust me, it will be a wonderful time. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文关注的是餐桌上用手机拍照的社会现象,建议人们停止拍照去享受面前的食物,与周围的人分享生活, 分享一段美好的时光。 1.especially 句意:这种情况很多,尤其是当

43、我们在外面吃饭的时候。副词especially用于强调;根据句意和 英文提示可知填especially。 2.instead 句意:一道菜上了的时候,我们不是拿起筷子,而是拿出手机并点击。instead of代替/而不是,是固 定表达;根据句意结构和上下文提示可知填instead。 3.or 看看我们是否得到了“赞”。连词or表选择。 4.not 句意:如果不是,当别人和你一起吃饭时那样做,你会有什么感觉?本句是省略句,表示否定时应用 not;根据句意和上下文提示可知填not。 5.doing be used to doing sth.习惯于干某事,固定结构,故填doing。 6.asked

44、句意:有些人被要求在他们能享受食物之前拍照。be(此处是were)+动词过去分词表示被动;根据 语境可知填asked。 7.result 句意:结果表明,他们拍摄的照片越多,对他们来说食物就越不好吃。as a result结果/因此,固定短 语;根据句意和上下文提示可知填result。 8.more “the+比较级,the+比较级”,表示“越越”。根据句意和英文提示可知填more。 9.seemed 句意:结果表明,他们拍摄的照片越多,对他们来说食物就越不好吃。seem看起来,好像,根据句 意和上下文提示,结合此处时态可知填seemed。 10.taking 设空处前的about是介词,后面

45、加v.-ing,故填taking。 Cloze 9(2016衡阳) 根据英语首字母或所给汉语提示写出短文中所缺单词的正确形式。 As we know, English is (1)w used around the world. But can all English speakers understand each other all the time? Of (2)c not. (3) (甚至)the same word can have many different meanings. Some- times the meaning can change, depending on th

46、e country where it is (4) (说). For example, there are dif- ferences between British English and American English. Also, Australian English is a little different from British English. If you want to succeed in making (5)y understood, you need to know some of these dif- ferences. 答案答案 语篇解读 本文讲述了一词多义。

47、1.widely 句意:正如我们所知,英语在全世界被“广泛使用”。widely used 意为广泛使用。 2.course 句意:当然不。of course not 为固定表达。 3.even 句意:甚至同一个单词会很多不同的意思。 4.said 句意:随着它被使用的国家的不同,一个单词的意思有时也能改变。 5.yourself 句意:如果你想自己能成功被别人懂得。make oneself understood让某人被理解。 B组 20162020年全国中考题组 一、一、(2020福建) 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意 义准确、形式正

48、确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Do you know how rice first came to China? There is an old Chinese story 1 is about a little girl who went out to fish. There was a famine (饥荒) and everybody was very 2 /hr/. The little girl felt her net growing heavy and was very happy. However, it was the King of Frogs (青蛙) that she 3 /kt/. The frog told her to hold out her fishing net to the suns rays and he would sing 4 magi