2021年江苏中考英语复习练习课件：16专题十六　词汇运用.pptx

1、 中考英语 （江苏专用） 专题十六 词汇运用 题组一 单词填空 一、一、(2020苏州,五) 根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上下文,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空只写一词。 1.The future is something we (创造), but not something we enter. 2.Believe it or not, the two surveys have (相似的) results. 3.Thank you for (警告) us not to swim here. 4.The (秘密) of true friendship is to understand an

2、d to be understood. 5.Shake the bottle well so that the milk (混合) with the tea. 6.These (艺术家) design won an international award. 7.In ancient times, food was (存储) up for winter. A组 20162020年江苏中考题组 8.I like to eat pizza and sweet food. I seldom have vegetables. Your eating are not so good. You need t

3、o change them. 9.Wheres Sam? I cant find him anywhere. Oh, he has two weeks for a vacation. 10.Would you please tell me something about ? OK. My name is Simon. I am studying at Sunshine Middle School. 答案答案 1.create 句意:未来是我们创造的,而不是我们进入的。根据题干中的enter可知,此处用一般现在时,主语 是we,动词用原形。 2.similar 句意:信不信由你,这两项调查的结果

4、相似。根据中文提示可知填similar。 3.warning 句意:谢谢你警告我们不要在这里游泳。thank sb. for doing sth.为某事感谢某人,介词for后用 warn的-ing形式。 4.secret 句意:真正的友谊的秘密在于理解和被理解。根据中文提示和句中的is可知,此处填secret。 5.mixes 句意:把瓶子摇匀,使牛奶和茶混合在一起。从句主语milk为不可数名词,谓语动词需用第三人称 单数,故填mixes。注意mix的第三人称单数是加-es。 6.artists 句意:这些艺术家们的设计获得了一个国际奖项。根据设空前的These可知,此处填名词复数,再 根据空

5、格后的design可知,此处要用名词所有格,故填artists。 7.stored 句意:在古代,食物会被储存起来以备过冬。根据时间状语可知,设空处应用一般过去时,又因为 主语为food,是被储存,因此设空处应用被动语态,故填stored。 8.habits 句意:我喜欢吃比萨饼和甜食。我几乎不吃蔬菜。你的饮食习惯不太好。你需要改变 它们。eating habit饮食习惯,再根据空后的are可知,此处要用名词复数形式。故填habits。 9.off 句意:Sam在哪里?我到处都找不到他。哦,他有两周休假。have.off有(多久的)休息、假 期,为固定搭配,故填off。 10.yourself

6、 句意:请介绍一下你自己好吗?好的。我的名字是Simon。我在阳光中学学习。根据 答语可知,Simon在做自我介绍,故填yourself。 二、二、(2020南京,四) A)请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确。 1.This is the (第三) time that I have been in Nanjing. 2.Tom kept calling me for years, (甚至) after he graduated. 3.Why dont you (邀请) Jerry to play sports in the playground tomorrow morning

7、? 4.What you learn at school plays a very important part in shaping your behaviour in (社会). 5.If you go to Beijing, make sure you visit China Science and Technology Museum. Its my favourite museum in the (整个的) country. B)请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Its popular (hire) a boat and row on the Xuanwu Lake

8、. 2.The noise made sleep (possible), so I got up and read a book. 3.The Siberian tiger, known as the Northeast Tiger in China, is (large) tiger of all. 4.Beijing Opera brings to life many ancient (story) that help shape Chinese culture. 5.China has (rapid) become a world leader in high speed rail. J

9、ourneys that took days now take hours. 答案答案 A) 1.third/3rd 句意:这是我第三次来南京。This is the first, second, third.time sb. have/has done sth.这是某人 第一、二、三次做某事。 2.even 句意:Tom多年来一直给我打电话,甚至在他毕业之后。根据中文提示应填even。 3.invite 句意:你为什么不邀请Jerry明天早上到操场做运动呢?Why dont you后加动词原形,故填invite。 4.society 句意:你在学校学到的东西对塑造你在社会中的行为起着非常重要

10、的作用。此处应填名词,故 填society。 5.whole 句意:如果你去北京的话,一定要去中国科技博物馆。它是整个国家中我最喜爱的博物馆。此处 用形容词修饰country,故填whole。 B) 1.to hire 句意:租一条船泛舟玄武湖是很流行的。句型Its+adj.+to do sth. 表示“做某事很”。故填 to hire。 2.impossible 句意:噪音使我无法入睡,所以我起来看书。根据句中The noise和got up可知,噪音使我难以 入眠,故填possible的反义词。注意否定前缀的用法。 3.the largest 句意:西伯利亚虎,在中国被称为东北虎,是所有老

11、虎中最大的。根据句尾of all可知,此处应用 形容词的最高级。 4.stories 句意:京剧使许多有助于塑造中国文化的古老故事栩栩如生。设空处是由ancient修饰的名词,由 many可推断出,此处应用名词的复数形式,故填stories。注意词尾的变化。 5.rapidly 句意:中国在高速铁路方面已经迅速成为世界领先国家。以前需要几天的旅程现在仅需几个小 时。此处用副词rapidly修饰动词become。 三、三、(2020盐城,五) (一)根据句意和汉语提示写出单词,完成句子。 1.Yancheng is (家乡) to red-crowned cranes and Milu deer

12、. 2.They are trying to use 3D printers to print food that is both (美味的) and good for us. 3.In the Warring States Period, Mozi made the (第一) kite in history out of wood. 4.A recent study has shown that Big Ben is falling over, although very (缓慢地). 5.Scientists say that music makes our brain “feel hap

13、py” and it (解释) the importance of music in cultures all over the world. (二)根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。 6.When making a fruit salad, youd better (choose)fresh fruit. 7.On Teachers Day, students usually make cards to thank (they)teachers. 8.To our surprise, an 8-year-old girl became the (win)of the dancing comp

14、etition. 9.Andrew was crazy about DIY, but he always made his room dirty and (tidy). 10.More than thirty groups of (scientist)are working to develop a vaccine for COVID-19. 答案答案 (一) 1.home be home to. 是的家乡。 2.delicious be动词后用形容词作表语,与good并列,故填delicious。 3.first 此处应用序数词first,表示次序。 4.slowly 副词very修饰副词s

15、lowly。although very slowly作让步状语,修饰整个句子。 5.explains 此处应用谓语动词,主语it为单数,故填explains。 (二) 6.choose had better do sth.最好做某事,故填choose。 7.their 用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故填their。 8.winner 此处是说八岁的女孩是舞蹈比赛的赢家,故应用winner。 9.untidy and前后应用两个意义一致的形容词作表语,根据dirty可知此处应用tidy的反义词untidy。 10.scientists 根据设空后的are可知,此处应用名词的复数形式,故填scien

16、tists。 四、四、(2020扬州,四) 根据句子意思,用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。每空一词。 1.The writer uses his (daughter) life in his writing. 2.It seemed to him that truth would be (safe) than a lie. 3.He has the most beautiful blue eyes I have ever (see). 4.It will take about two months if everything goes (smooth). 5.Kate is (s

17、it) alone while her kids at a nearby table are chatting happily. 6.Nothing (要紧) more than peoples safety and health. 7.Though your children are (与在一起) you, they are not yours. 8. (无论何时) I get in trouble, I ask Grandma to come over for dinner. 9.In (十二月) 1799 Wordsworth and Dorothy moved into their f

18、irst Lakeland home. 10.One should have a (观念) of right and wrong, or a person cant be trusted. 答案答案 1.daughters 此处应用名词所有格修饰名词life。故填daughters。 2.safer be动词后用形容词作表语,又根据than可知,应用形容词的比较级。故填safer。 3.seen 根据have ever可知,此处应用动词的过去分词形式,构成现在完成时,故填seen。 4.smoothly 此处用副词修饰动词goes。go smoothly进展顺利。 5.sitting whil

19、e连接两个分句,前后分句的动作同时发生。故此处应用sit的现在分词sitting,构成现在进行 时,故填sitting。注意词尾变化。 6.matters 主语是nothing,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填matters。 7.with be with sb. 与某人在一起。 8.Whenever whenever无论何时,引导让步状语从句。注意首字母大写。 9.December 月份名称要大写首字母。 10.sense a sense of right and wrong是非观念,故填sense。 五、五、(2020无锡,五) 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.Dont worry

20、. Hobo is a smart dog and Im sure he (come) back soon. 2.Schools are still closed in some countries (stop) the spread of the virus. 3.Millions of young people (fight) in World Warso we could live in peace. 4.Have you found any useful clues, sir? We (work) on it. Theres nothing much I can say at the

21、moment. 5.“When the book (publish) in November, Im going to donate all the money to help those people in need,” said J.K. Rowling. 6.He sent me a few messages, but I (not reply) yet as I dont know what to say. 答案答案 1.will come 根据主句的时态及宾语从句中的时间状语soon可知,应用一般将来时。 2.to stop 动词不定式作目的状语。 3.fought 根据时间状语in

22、 World War可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,fight的过去式为fought。 4.are working 根据答句中Theres nothing much I can say at the moment.可知,这件事还未解决,说话人仍 在努力寻找线索,应用现在进行。 5.is published when引导时间状语从句时,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时;主语the book和谓语动词 publish之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应使用被动语态。 6.havent replied 句中的yet常与现在完成时连用,并用于疑问句或否定句中。故填havent replied。 六、六、

23、(2019扬州,四) 根据句子意思,用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。(每空一词) 1.Alice stood up and ran (cross) the field after the rabbit. 2.The silk scarf is pretty and (match) her blue coat very well. 3.The old man started to learn how to surf the Internet in his (eighty). 4.Follow that (teacher) advice and soon you will solve

24、 the problem. 5.If the golden sun should stop (shine) its light, just one smile from you would make my whole world bright. 6.We are going to study in a new school in (九月). 7.I believe I will (成功) in passing the English exam. 8.Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn (树叶). 9.O

25、ur country is becoming stronger and stronger and Im (自豪的) of her. 10.In the past, many rivers were (污染) seriously, but now they are cleaned up. 答案答案 1.across 此处应用介词across构成短语across the field横穿田地。 2.matches 根据主语the silk scarf及谓语部分is,此处应用第三人称单数形式。 3.eighties 考查短语“在某人几十多岁时”。其中的年龄用基数词的复数形式。 4.teachers 此

26、处需用名词所有格修饰名词advice;再根据空格前的that可知,应用名词单数形式的所有格 teachers。 5.shining 根据语境,此处应用stop doing sth.停止做某事。 6.September 月份的首字母要大写。 7.succeed 情态动词will后用动词原形,succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。 8.leaves 此处应用leaf的复数形式leaves,与flowers对应。 9.proud 考查短语be proud of对感到骄傲。 10.polluted 本句主语rivers和谓语动词pollute之间为逻辑上的被动关系,需用被动语态。 七、

27、七、(2019盐城,五) A)根据句意和汉语提示写出单词,完成句子。 1.Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the (钥匙) to it. 2.Follow these small (步骤), and you can make a big difference to the Earth. 3.The temperature in our hometown usually drops (在以下) zero in winter. 4.Tan Duns music Water, which is full of the sounds of nature

28、, is (值得) listening to. 5.Therere many rocks in unusual shapessome hang down, and others (指向) upwards. B)根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。 6.Greenhouse gases are (harm) to the environment. 7.A good neighbour is (good) than a brother far away. 8.We cant (simple) judge a book by its cover or its title. 9.About 300 to

29、 1,000 red-crowned cranes (fly) to Yancheng Nature Reserve every year to spend the win- ter. 10.A documentary about Yancheng wetlands was shown at the (eight) Nice International Film Festival. 答案答案 A) 1.key 定冠词后用名词,主语practice为单数,此处名词也用单数,the key to sth.某物的钥匙,某物的关键。 2.steps these后应用名词的复数形式,故填steps。 3

30、.below 在描述气温时,表示零度以下用介词below。 4.worth be worth doing值得做。 5.point 根据句子结构可知,此处应填的动词和hang并列,故填point。 B) 6.harmful be动词后用形容词作表语,所给名词harm的形容词可加后缀-less或-ful,构成harmless或harm- ful。而greenhouse gases指的是温室气体,如二氧化碳,是有害的,故用harmful, be harmful to相当于do harm to对有害。 7.better 根据than可知此处应用比较级。本句是谚语:远亲不如近邻。 8.simply 用副

31、词修饰动词judge,simply表示“仅仅”。 9.fly 由语境可知用一般现在时;主语About 300 to 1,000 red-crowned cranes是复数,故谓语动词用fly。 10.Eighth 序数词表示“第几”,“第八届法国尼斯国际电影节”是一个活动名称,需大写首字母。 八、八、(2018无锡,五) 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.Id like to give my thanks to Alice for (share) her exciting experiences in Africa. 2.You (promise) to take our boy to D

32、isneyland last year. Dont let him down again. 3.The survey shows that few people believe robots (control) our planet one day. 4.You look absent-minded. you (expect) someone? Yes. My e-friend is coming over. Weve never seen each other before. 5.“How am I supposed (live) without you?” Jane said to Dad

33、, tears in eyes. 6.The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you (not find) it yet, keep looking. 7.Oh dear! My mobile phone has turned into a brick. Its not working at all. Well, it (happen). Take off the battery and put it back on later. 8.Stephen Hawking (consider) to be the greate

34、st scientist in history, along with Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein. 答案答案 1.sharing 介词后用动词-ing形式,去掉不发音的-e,加-ing。 2.promised last year为表示过去的时间状语,谓语动词要用过去式。 3.will control one day为表示将来的时间状语,谓语动词要用will+动词原形。 4.Are;expecting 根据语境,第一人看见第二人心不在焉的样子,问是否正在等人。用现在进行时表示正在 发生的动作。注意句首单词首字母大写。 5.to live 考查短语be su

35、pposed to do sth.应当做某事。 6.havent found 条件状语从句中用现在时表示将来;再根据句意及yet,应用现在完成时。注意括号中的 not不要遗漏。 7.happens 根据语境,第二人认为手机死机经常会发生,应用一般现在时。注意happen没有被动语态。 8.is considered 考查consider sb. to be的被动形式。由于说的是现在的一个事实,应用一般现在时的被动 时态。 九、九、(2018苏州,四) 根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上下文,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空只写一词。 1.Come on! Suzhou Museum is on

36、ly a few (步)further. 2.How (幸运的)they are to have such a good teacher! 3.Mr Sigmund Friend is used to (处理)with all kinds of problems. 4.Confidence is an important (条件)if you want to achieve success. 5.A long time ago it was (广泛地)believed that there was life on Mars. 6.With all her efforts, the childr

37、en finally (接受)her as one of the family. 7.When talking to British people, we should (避免)subjects like age, weight or money. 8.Can we put another bed in this room? Sure. It is big for a third one. 9.Is this your English book? No, it isnt. is in my schoolbag. 10.Keep your hair away from fire, Lucy. I

38、 see, Mum. Hair fire easily. 答案答案 1.steps a few后要用可数名词复数形式。 2.lucky 根据结构及汉语提示可知填lucky。 3.dealing be used to doing习惯做,to为介词,其后跟动词的-ing形式;deal with处理。 4.condition 由上文的不定冠词an可知,应用名词的单数形式。 5.widely 此处需用副词修饰动词。 6.accepted 根据句意可知,事情已经发生,谓语部分应用一般过去时。 7.avoid 情态动词后用动词原形。 8.enough 根据Sure可知,房间足够大,可以再放一张床。副词修饰

39、形容词应放在形容词后。 9.Mine 用名词性物主代词mine作主语,等同于my English book。注意首字母大写。 10.catches 此处表示头发的性质,容易烧着,用动词的主动形式,catch fire着火。主语Hair为不可数名词,谓 语动词应用第三人称单数catches。 十、十、(2017泰州,六) A) 根据句意和汉语提示,在空白处填入一个适当的单词(每空限一词)。 1.There have been many (模型) of Chinas new plane C919 since it flew into the sky for the first time on Ma

40、y 5 this year. 2.Taizhou is an old city with a long history of more than two (千) years. 3.David showed great (勇气) during his fight against illness last year. 4.My mother goes shopping every weekthere is a shopping mall just (在对面) our house. 5.We all feel (骄傲的) that China put its first homemade aircr

41、aft carrier(国产航空母舰) in water on April 26,2017. B) 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 6.What a pity!Sue lost the game because the (weigh) of her shoes made it difficult for her to run fast. 7.The effect of this kind of medicine needs (far) study before it can be widely used. 8.Some middle school students dont know how

42、(keep) a balance between study and play. 9.After the 31st Olympic Games, people all over the country thought (high) of the spirit of the Womens Volleyball Team. 10.The Belt and Road Forum(一带一路高峰论坛) (hold) successfully in Beijing last month. 答案答案 A) 1.models 空格前有many,应用名词的复数形式。注意拼写。 2.thousand 在百、千、百

43、万等前有具体数字时,hundred, thousand, million等不能加-s。 3.courage 形容词后用名词,courage为抽象名词,不能加-s。 4.opposite 考查介词opposite的拼写。 5.proud 连系动词feel后跟形容词作表语。 B) 6.weight 定冠词后用名词,动词weigh的名词形式为weight。 7.further 形容词far的比较级有两种:farther表示真实距离的更远;further引申意义为“进一步,深入”。根 据句意可知,这种药的效果需要做进一步的研究,应填 further。 8.to keep 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾

44、语。 9.highly 考查短语 think highly of高度赞扬。 10.was held 主语为单数,与hold之间为被动关系,时间状语为last month,应用一般过去时的被动语态。 题组二 选词填空 一、一、(2020南京,四,C) 请根据对话内容,从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空,使对话内容完整正确。 sell next month musical ability raise money How about John:Where have you been? You missed the announcement about the music festival. Fra

45、nk:I was at the teachers office. Music festival? John:Yes, its going to be 1 in the school hall. Frank, you can play the violin. 2 playing it at the festi- val? Frank:Well, Id rather play the piano. I can play Mojito. What about you, John? John:Actually, I dont have much 3 . Id prefer just to do som

46、e voluntary work. I can 4 tickets. Frank:So can I guess that the aim of the festival is to 5 ? John:Yes. All of the money will go to charity. Frank:Well, if its for a good cause, everyone should take part! 答案答案 语篇解读 这是一段对话。John和Frank在谈论学校下个月的音乐节。音乐节募集到的钱款将全部用于 慈善事业。 1.next month 本句是关于音乐节举办的时间和地点的,故选

47、用next month。 2.How about 考查句型How about doing sth.? 做某事怎么样?故选用How about。 3.musical ability 根据后文John说 Id prefer just to do some voluntary work.可知,他没有什么音乐才能。故 选用musical ability。 4.sell 本句对上一句的voluntary work进行补充,说明了志愿者工作的工作内容,即售票。故选用sell。 5.raise money 根据下文All of the money will go to charity.可知,音乐节是为慈善事业筹款。故选用raise money。 二、二、(2020淮安,A) 根据句子意思,从方框中选用恰当的单词或短语填空。 carefully, too much traffic, in order, difficulty, so far, pushing for, is afraid of, keep in touch with, hurry 1.Because of , I was late for the meeting. 2.Its too dark outside. Sandy going out alone.