长难句练习分析讲解2 讲义-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项.docx

1、长难句分析-气候变化的影响已经开始显现导读：气候变化问题已经越来越多收到全世界的关注，全球变暖不仅影响怎么人类的生活，而且导致了许多生态系统和物种的分布和数量发生了改变。长难句原文：Scientists have discovered a new species of sea slug in British waters where researchers believe the creatures may be spreading because of climate change.The new thumb-sized creature was caught off south west

2、England from a research ship carrying out routine monitoring of fish stocks.DNA tests confirm it is previously unknown. 第一步：拆分Scientists（主语） have discovered（谓语） a new species of sea slug（定语） in British waters（地点状语） where researchers believe（状语从句） the creatures may be spreading because of climate cha

3、nge（省略that的定语从句）. The new thumb-sized creature（真正的宾语） was caught（谓语表被动） off south west England from a research ship（真正的主语） carrying out routine monitoring of fish stocks（伴随状语）. DNA tests confirm it is previously unknown.第二步：生词词组1. slug n. 鼻涕虫；动作缓慢的人；金属小块2. waters n. 海域；江水，河水， 湖水3. thumb-sized 拇指大小4.

4、 carry out 执行; 贯彻；进行；完成, 实现5. monitor n. 监视器，监控器，班长 vt. 监控第三步：整合翻译抓住句子主干简化后scientists discover a new species.the creature was caught by a ship.科学家发现了一个新物种，由一艘船捕获。参考译文：科学家们在英国水域发现了一种新的海蛞蝓，研究人员认为，这种生物可能是由于气候变化而传播的。一艘正在进行鱼类资源常规监测的科考船在英格兰西南部附近捕获了这种拇指大小的新生物。DNA测试证实这是以前未知的物种。长难句分析-依恋类型对未来人际关系的影响导读：依恋是指婴儿同

5、抚养者形成的特殊情感连接，分为安全型、回避型和反抗者。不同的类型对未来的人际关系有深远影响。今日长难句原文：The type of attachment that is formed impacts that childs internal working modelthe thoughts, memories, beliefs, expectations, emotions, and behaviors that influence how they interact with themselves and others, and what types of relationships th

6、ey seek out in later years.第一步：拆分The type of attachment（主语） that is formed impacts（谓语） that childs internal working model（定语从句）the thoughts, memories, beliefs, expectations, emotions, and behaviors（破折号补充说明model） that influence（定语从句修饰model） how they interact with themselves and others, and what types

7、 of relationships they seek out in later years.两个并列的宾语从句第二步：生词词组1. attachment n. 附着，附属；连接；安装；依恋2. expectations n. 预料; 期望，有信心的指望3. influence n. 影响；感化力，权势4. interact with 与.相互作用5. seek out 寻找，找出；搜出；想获得第三步：整合翻译抓住主干：the attachment impacts the model that inluence依恋影响着模式，模式又影响参考译文：形成的依恋类型影响着孩子的内在工作模型思想、记忆

8、、信念、期望、情感和行为，这些都影响他们如何与自己和他人相互影响，以及他们在以后的年岁里会寻求什么样的关系。英语长难句分析-日本股市不降反升创历史新高长难句原文（选自外刊BBC精选）：Japans benchmark Nikkei index opened on Monday at an all-time high of over 40,000points.Its the first time in over three decades that the market has been anywhere near a similar level. Economists say Japanese

9、 stocks are benefiting from cheap yen,US concerns about China, and the global demand for semiconductors, but Japans wider economy continues to struggle.第一步：拆分Japans benchmark Nikkei index（主语） opened（谓语） on Monday at an all-time high（宾语） of over 40,000 points. Its（谓语） the first time（宾语） in over three

10、 decades（时间状语） that the market has been anywhere near a similar level（同位语解释说明the first time）. Economists say（主句谓语） Japanese stocks are benefiting（宾语从句谓语） from cheap yen,US concerns about China, and the global demand for semiconductors（原因状语）, but Japans wider economy continues to struggle（but转折一般点重点，

11、需要特别注意）.第二步：生词词组index n. 指数；索引；指标；指针be benefit from 收益于semiconduct n.半导体struggle vi. 挣扎；奋斗 n. 努力；竞争第三步：整合翻译抓住句子主干Japans index open an high.its the first time.the stocks are benefiting from ,but Japans economy continues to struggle.日经指数创新高，这是第一次，收益于，但日本经济还是很困难参考译文：日本基准的日经指数周一开盘时创下了超过4万点的历史新高。这是30多年来市

12、场首次接近类似水平。经济学家表示，日本股市正受益于日元贬值、美国对中国的担忧，以及全球对半导体的需求，但日本的整体经济仍举步维艰。英语长难句分析-心理学家区分了三种工作类型长难句原文：Psychologists distinguish between a “self-oriented” version, in which people put pressure on themselves to perform flawlessly; an “other-oriented” type, in which people hold their colleagues to the highest of

13、 standards; and a “socially prescribed” version, in which employees think they will only get on if they meet the impossible expectations of those around them.第一步：拆分Psychologists（主语） distinguish（谓语） between a “self-oriented” version, in which（定语从句） people put pressure on themselves to perform flawles

14、sly; an “other-oriented” type, in which（定语从句） people hold their colleagues to the highest of standards; and a “socially prescribed” version, in which（定语从句） employees think 宾语从句：they will only get on 条件状语从句：if they meet the impossible expectations of those around them.第二步：生词词组1. hold sb to the highes

15、t of standards 坚持最高标准2. flawlessly adj. 无瑕疵的；完美的；无裂缝的3. prescribe v. 给开（药），让采用（疗法）；开处方；规定4. get on 上车，上马；进展，使前进第三步：整合翻译这句话特别长但是简化一下句子结构是十分清楚的。Psychologists distinguish between in which in which in which心理学家区分出了三种类型心理学家区分出了三种类型：“自我导向型”，即给自己施加压力，以求表现得完美无瑕；“以他人为导向型”，即以最高标准要求同事；以及“社会规定型”，即员工认为，只有符合了周围人不

16、可能达到的期望，他们才继续工作。英语长难句分析-青少年往往更冲动Pre-teens and teens are physically and cognitively able to do pretty much anything adults can with technology, but its important to keep in mind that adolescents are more likely than adults to act on impulse and engage in risky behavior-both in the real world and onli

17、ne.第一步：拆分Pre-teens and teens（主语） are physically and cognitively able（谓语） to do pretty much anything adults can（省略了that的定语从句修饰anything） with technology,/ but its important to keep（一个非常简单但是常用的强调句型） in mind 宾语从句：that adolescents（主语） are（谓语） more likely than（比较） adults to act on impulse and engage in ri

18、sky behavior（方式状语修饰act）-both in the real world and online.第二步：生词词组be able to v. 会；能够,能够做its important to do 这很重要，重要的是keep in mind 记住，记在心里A be more likely than B A比B更可能engage in 从事，参加第三步：整合翻译抓住句子主干简化后Pre-teens and teens are able to do much anything ，but adolescents are more likely than adults.青少年有能力做

19、很多事，但是比成年人更参考译文：十几岁之前和十几岁的孩子在身体上和认知上都能用科技做任何成年人能做的事情，但重要的是要记住，青少年比成年人更有可能冲动行事，从事危险行为-无论是在现实世界中还是在网上。英语长难句分析-美国要求字节跳动出售TikTokAmericas House of Representatives passed a bill which would require ByteDance, the Chinese firm that owns TikTok, either to sell the platform or to stop operating in America, T

20、ikToks biggest market.第一步：拆分Americas House（主语） of Representatives passed（谓语） a bill（宾语） 定语从句:which（代指a bill） would require（谓语） ByteDance either to sell the platform or（选择关系） to stop operating in America, TikToks biggest market.插入语解释说明ByteDance，：the Chinese firm that owns TikTok（相对不重要我移到后面）第二步：生词词组Re

21、presentativen. 代表，代理人adj. 有代表性的, 典型的eitheror二者选一，要么要么科学与技术今天的长难句比较简单简化一下就是Americas House of Representatives passed a billwhich定语从句解释说明a bill美国众议院通过了一项法案，这个法案要求参考译文：美国众议院通过了一项法案，这项法案要求TikTok的母中国公司字节跳动要么出售该平台，要么停止在TikTok最大的市场美国运营。英语长难句分析-素食主义到底好不好今日长难句原文：One farmer says to me, You cannot live on veget

22、able food solely, for it furnishes nothing to make the bones with; and so he religiously devotes a part of his day to supplying himself with the raw material of bones; walking all the while he talks behind his oxen, which, with vegetable-made bones, jerk him and his lumbering plow along in spite of

23、every obstacle.第一步：拆分我们先以；号为界，分为三个部分One farmer says to me, 宾语从句： You cannot live on vegetable food solely, 原因状语从句：for it（代指vegetable） furnishes nothing /to make the bones with（不定式做后置定语修饰nothing）; and so he（代指farmer） religiously devotes a part of his day to（这个to是和前面devote搭配的，不是不定式哦） / supplying himse

24、lf with the raw material of bones; 这两段话之间存在有因果关系walking all the while he talks behind his oxen, 定语从句：which（代指oxen）, with vegetable-made bones, jerk him and his lumbering plow along in spite of every obstacle.前两个部分是农民的观点，最后一个部分才是作者的观点第二分：生词词组furnishevt. 陈设, 布置，提供religiouslyadv. 笃信地;虔诚地make with与和解;作出

25、，产生;supply with供应raw material原材料jerkn. 肌肉抽搐；性情古怪的人；蠢人；急拉vi. 痉挛；急拉；颠簸地行进vt. 猛拉in spite of不顾,不管第三步：整合翻译You cannot live on vegetable , for it furnishes nothing ；so he devotes a part of his day to supplying with ；he talks behind his oxen with vegetable-made bones.农民说：你不能靠这种素食生存，因为它不能任何东西。所以他要花时间在（肉食）上。作

26、者说：农民在谈论时旁边有一只全素食的牛。参考译文：一个农民对我说：“你不能仅仅依靠蔬菜食物生活，因为它无法为骨头提供营养。”于是，他虔诚地把一部分时间用于为他的身体提供制造骨头的营养上；与此同时，他在与牛共同劳作时，一边走一边说话，而那头牛用蔬菜制成的骨头拖着他和他笨重的犁，无论遇到什么障碍都能克服。英语长难句分析-三河市爆炸事故处置指挥部向媒体记者道歉今日长难句原文（选自Chinas Daily）Local authorities in Sanhe, Hebei province,apologized to the media for forcing them out of the site

27、 of an explosion on Wednesday that killed 7 and injured 27 others, according to a statement published on Thursday morning by the citys command headquarters for the handling of the incident. 第一步：拆分Local authorities（主语） in Sanhe（地点状语）, Hebei province （插入语）, apologized（谓语） to the media（宾语） for forcing

28、them（代指记者） out of the site of an explosion（for引导的原因状语） on Wednesday（时间状语）定语从句修饰前面的explosion: that killed 7 and injured 27 others, 补语补充说明时间地点方式：according to a statement published on Thursday morning by the citys command headquarters for the handling of the incident.第二步：生词词组forcen. 力量；武力；魄力；军队vt. 强迫；强

29、加；促使，推动apologizev. 道歉（常见搭配apologize for）handlingn. 处理adj. 操作的v. 触摸；负责；对待（handle的ing形式）第三步：整合翻译Local authorities apologized to the media for forcing them out.官方就强迫记者离开道歉。参考译文：3月14日上午，河北省三河市爆炸事故处置指挥部发布声明称，3月13日，当地发生爆炸事故， 造成7人死亡、27人受伤，并就强迫央视记者离开事故现场向媒体致歉。长难句分析-俄罗斯运动员参加奥运会前要接受检查导读：2024年法国奥运会开幕在即，由于俄乌冲突问

30、题，俄罗斯运动员参加奥运会收到影响。今日长难句原文：It looks like there will be about 36 Russian athletes who qualify and about 22 Belarusian athletes, and all of them will be vetted by an Olympic panel,where they will have to prove that theyre not engaged with any military or security agency, and that they dont support the

31、war in Ukraine. 第一步：拆分It looks like 宾语从句：There will be about 36 Russian athletes who qualify and about 22 Belarusian athletes, 宾语从句：and all of them will be vetted by an Olympic panel, 状语从句：where they will have to prove 状语从句的宾语从句：that theyre not engaged with any military or security agency, 状语从句的宾语从句

32、：and that they dont support the war in Ukraine.今天的长难句由多个简单从句嵌套组成一个，主要难点在于分清从句。第二步：生词词组athleten. 运动员；身强体健的人Belarusian白俄罗斯vetvt. 诊疗；审查vi. 作兽医；诊疗n. 兽医be engage with参与，从事第三步：整合翻译抓住句子主干简化后的基本框架There will be about 58 athletes who will be vetted by an Olympic panel.调查内容会有58名运动员将会被奥林匹克委员会调查。参考译文：预计巴黎奥运会上将有36名俄罗斯运动员和22名白俄罗斯运动员获得参赛资格，他们都将接受奥林匹克委员会的审查，必须证明自己没有与任何军事或安全机构接触，而且不支持乌克兰战争。