Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle) (ppt课件)-2024新牛津译林版七年级上册《英语》.zip
七上英语七上英语 YLNJ YLNJUnit 5 A healthy lifestyleWelcome to the unitLanguage points1 sweets 糖果(教材糖果(教材P57)sweet/swi:t/n.糖果;甜食糖果;甜食 adj.甜的;可爱的甜的;可爱的 (1)名词糖果;甜食作“糖果”讲时为可数名词;作“(餐后的)甜食,甜点”讲时,既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。Most children like sweets.大部分孩子喜欢吃糖果。Would you like some more sweet?你想再吃点甜食吗?Language points(2)形容词甜的;含糖的 have a sweet tooth爱吃甜食 I know you have a sweet tooth,so I bought you a box of chocolates.我知道你喜欢吃甜食,所以我给你买了一盒巧 克力糖。(3)形容词可爱的,惹人喜爱的 You look sweet in this photograph.你这张照片照得很可爱。Language points sweet作形容词的其他用法:(气味)芳香的(气味)芳香的sweet-smelling flowers芬芳的花朵(声音)悦耳的,(声音)悦耳的,好听的好听的have a sweet voice声音甜美令人愉快的令人愉快的Goodnight.Sweet dreams.晚安。祝你做个好梦。Language points典例 完成句子,每空一词。天津中考 我喜欢甜食,你知道的。I have a _ _,you know.sweettooth【语境串记语境串记】My daughter likes to eat sweet(adj.)sweets(n.)very much.After that,she always sings in a sweet(adj.)voice.Thats really a sweet(adj.)moment for her.我的女儿很喜欢吃甜甜的糖果。吃完之后她总是用悦耳的声音唱歌。那对她来说的确是美好的时刻。Language points2 Fish is good for our health.鱼肉对我们的健康有益。鱼肉对我们的健康有益。(教材(教材P57)fish n.鱼;鱼肉鱼;鱼肉 (1)可数名词鱼通常的复数形式为fish,较古老的形式fishes可用于表示不同种类的鱼。They have three fish.他们有三条鱼。There are many kinds of fishes in the sea.海洋里有许多种鱼。(2)不可数名词鱼肉 The boy likes eating fish.这个男孩爱吃鱼肉。Language points 动词钓鱼;捕鱼 go fishing去钓鱼 Lets go fishing this weekend.这个周末咱们去钓鱼吧。【语境串记语境串记】In the river there are many kinds of fishes(n.),and I often fish(v.)there.Today I catch two fish(n.).I can have some fish(n.)for dinner.这条河里有许多种鱼,我经常在那里钓鱼。今天我钓到了两条鱼,晚餐我可以吃一些鱼肉。Language points health/hel/n.健康健康 不可数名词be in good/poor health身体好/差 Eating too much of the wrong food will harm your health.吃太多不健康的食物会损害你的健康。(聊城中考)My grandma is in good health.我祖母身体很好。Language points 与health相关的单词:Its important to stay healthy.保持健康很重要。Eating too much fast food is an unhealthy habit.吃太多快餐 是一种不健康的习惯。Language points be good for 对对有好处有好处 同义短语:be great for。反义短语:be bad for“对有坏处”。for为介词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。Studies show green tea is good for your heart.研究表明绿 茶对心脏有好处。Swimming is good for keeping slim.游泳有益于保持苗条 的身材。谢谢聆听!THANKS七上英语七上英语 YLNJ YLNJUnit 5 A healthy lifestyleReading语篇研读语篇研读语篇研读【难点解读】【难点解读】“It+be+adj.+for sb.to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是的”,该句式与“It+be+adj.+of sb.to do sth.”的具体用法见本书Unit 3。语篇研读巧用对比巧用对比 本文从锻炼、饮食和睡眠三个维度来比较两人的生活方式,让文章的主题更加突出。对比在写作中是一种常见的表现手法,是将两个具有明显差异的事物一起做比较,形成鲜明对照,从而给读者深刻的印象和启示。语篇研读音译词音译词 文中的tofu意为“豆腐”,又可称为bean curd。该词是从汉语音译过来的,类似的词还有kung fu(功夫)、tai chi(太极拳)、loong(龙)、yuan(元)等。语篇研读阅读上面文章并完成下题。How does the writer show the lifestyles of Kitty and Daniel?()A.By comparing(比较)facts.B.By telling stories.C.By listing numbers.D.By asking questions.ALanguage points1 Do you often exercise?你经常锻炼吗?(教材你经常锻炼吗?(教材P58)I need to have a good diet,do some exercise.every day.我每天需要健康饮食,做一些运动我每天需要健康饮食,做一些运动(教材(教材P60)exercise v.&n.锻炼锻炼 exercise在句中作动词,在句中作不可数名词。do/take some exercise做锻炼 My grandparents exercise every day.我的爷爷奶奶天天锻 炼身体。(作动词)Language points Dont sit in front of the computer for too long.Stand up and take some.exercise.不要在电脑前坐太久,站起来锻炼一下 吧。(作名词)可数名词一套动作do morning exercises做早操do eye exercises做眼保健操可数名词习题,练习do grammar exercises做语法练习do Maths exercises做数学练习exercise的其他用法:Language points We should do eye exercises twice a day to take good care of our eyes.我们应该每天做两次眼保健操来好好呵护我们 的眼睛。(宁波中考)We often do grammar exercises in English class.我们经常 在英语课上做语法练习。Language points典例 南京师范大学附属中学期中 Tom does morning _ to keep healthy and does Maths _ at night.A.exercises;exercisesB.exercise;exercisesC.exercise;exerciseD.exercises;exercise A解析解析 句意:汤姆做早操来保持健康,晚上做数学练习题。第一空中的exercise意为“一套动作”,为可数名词,do morning exercises表示“做早操”;第二空中的exercise意为“习题”,为可数名词,do Maths exercises表示“做数学练习题”。故选A。Language points2 It is important for me to keep fit.对我来说,保持健康很对我来说,保持健康很重要。(教材重要。(教材P58)important/mp:tnt/adj.重要的重要的 形容词可作表语或定语。be important to/for sb.对某人来说是重要的it is important(for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是重要的Language points Enough sleep is important.to us.充足的睡眠对我们来说 很重要。(陕西中考)It is an important meeting.这是一次重要的会议。Its important to remember that everybody is different.记住 每个人都是不同的,这一点很重要。(绍兴中考)前面有不定冠词时应用anLanguage points important的相关词:We all know.the importance of learning English well.我们都 知道学好英语的重要性。That is an unimportant thing.那是一件不重要的事情。的重要性前面有不定冠词时应用anLanguage points3 I never go to school without breakfast.我从来不会不吃早我从来不会不吃早餐就去上学。(教材餐就去上学。(教材P58)without/wat/prep.没有没有 介词后接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语,常用来表 示伴随或假设的情况。A friend without faults will never be found.没有十全十美 的朋友。According to the traffic rules,people mustnt ride e-bikes without wearing helmets.根据交通规则,不戴头盔就不能 骑电动自行车。(宿迁中考)Language points4 Too much sugar is bad for our teeth.吃太多糖对牙齿不好。吃太多糖对牙齿不好。(教材(教材P58)too much 太多太多 too much,too many与much tootoo much太多用作代词,在句中常作宾语。用作副词词组,修饰动词(短语)。用作形容词词组,修饰不可数名词。too many太多用作形容词词组,修饰可数名词复数。much too太用作副词词组,修饰形容词或副词。Language points【语境串记语境串记】There are still too many hamburgers and too much cola on the table.But Im much too full.桌上还有太多的汉堡包和可乐,但是我太饱了。Junk food is bad for our health.Dont eat too much.垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。不要吃太多。Language points【巧学妙巧学妙记】记】too many,too much与与much tootoo many要记住,其后名词是复数;too much、much too,用法区别在尾部;much后跟不可数,too后可跟形或副。Language points典例 You shouldnt eat _ meat,or youll get _ fat.A.too much;much tooB.too much;too muchC.much too;too muchD.much too;much too A解析解析 句意:你不应该吃太多肉,否则你会变得很胖。第一空修饰不可数名词meat,应用too much;第二空修饰形容词fat,应用much too。故选A。Language points tooth/tu:/n.牙,齿牙,齿 可数名词其复数形式为teeth/ti:/。brush(ones)teeth 刷牙 Do not use your teeth as tools to open bottles.Its bad for your teeth.不要把牙齿当成开瓶工具。这对你的牙齿不好。Its good for you to brush your teeth twice a day.一天刷两 次牙对你有好处。注意用复数形式Language points 变复数时将“oo”变成“ee”的名词还有:footfeet(脚)goose geese(鹅)典例 用所给单词的适当形式填空。宁波中考改编 Turn the tap(水龙头)off while you soap your hands or brush your _(tooth).teethLanguage points5 I have a sweet tooth and it is hard for me to say no to cakes.我我爱吃甜食,对我来说要拒绝蛋糕很难。(教材爱吃甜食,对我来说要拒绝蛋糕很难。(教材P58)say no(to.)拒绝()拒绝()Sometimes it is necessary to say no.有时候拒绝是必要的。I can never say no to dessert.我无法拒绝甜点。say hello/hi to向问好say goodbye to向道别say sorry to向道歉say thanks to向道谢 类似的表达还有:Language points6 Sometimes I stay up late.有时我会熬夜。(教材有时我会熬夜。(教材P58)stay up 熬夜熬夜 相当于stay up late。stay up all night 整夜不睡觉 Dont stay up late,or you may be late for school tomorrow.不要熬夜,否则你明天上学可能会迟到。Language points 与stay相关的其他常见短语:stay in 待在室内;不外出stay out 待在户外;不在家;(晚上)不回家stay(at)home 待在家里stay away(from sb./sth.)离开,不接近(某人);不去(某处)Language points典例 根据所给提示完成句子。黄冈中考 我爸爸是个足球迷,昨天他熬夜观看世界杯。(stay)My father is a football fan,and he _ to watch the FIFA World Cup yesterday.stayed up(late)Language points7 I plan to eat more fruit and vegetables and less sugar.我打算多吃水果和蔬菜,少吃糖。(教材我打算多吃水果和蔬菜,少吃糖。(教材P58)less/les/det.&pron.较少的,更少的较少的,更少的 adv.少,较少少,较少 反义词是more。less是little的比较级,常用来修饰或指代不可数名词。less and less意为“越来越少的”。You should eat more vegetables and fruit but less junk food every day.你每天应该多吃蔬菜和水果,少吃垃圾食品。(云南中考)(作限定词)Language points You can get a lot of help in Beijing,but here you can get less.在北京你能得到很多帮助,但在这里你能得到的较少。(作代词)Students are less likely to feel worried,unhappy or angry if they get enough sleep.如果学生睡眠充足,他们就不太可能 感到担心、不开心或生气。(作副词)Language points fewer限定词&代词更少的;更少 fewer是few的比较级,常用来修饰或指代可数名词复数。We need fewer workers.我们需要更少的工人。典例 根据首字母提示填写单词。南通市期末改编 You need to sleep more and eat l_ meat to keep fit.ess解析解析 句意:要保持健康,你需要多睡觉,少吃肉。根据常识及首字母提示可知,应填less。Language points8 I need to get enough sleep.我需要获得充足的睡眠。我需要获得充足的睡眠。(教材(教材P58)need/ni:d/v.需要需要 n.需要的事物;需要需要的事物;需要 (1)此处need是实义动词,相关用法有:need to do sth.需要做某事need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事sth.+need(s)doing某物需要sth.+need(s)to be done某物需要Language points【语境串记语境串记】Mum,my shoes are so dirty.I need to buy a new pair.I need you to take me to the shopping mall.妈妈,我的鞋很脏。我需要买一双新的。我需要你带我去购物中心。Oh,dear,I think they just need washing.哦,亲爱的,我认为它们只是需要清洗一下。Language points(2)名词需要的事物;需要there is no need(for sb.)to do sth.(某人)不必做某事in need of需要 I will try my best to meet your needs.我将尽最大努力满足 你们的需要。Tomorrow is Saturday.There is no need for you to get up early.明天是星期六,你不必早起。The house is in need of a good clean.这房子需要彻底打扫 一下。Language points典例 用所给单词的适当形式填空。淮安市淮安区期中 All the students need _(do)after-school activities.to doLanguage points enough/nf/det.&pron.足够(的)足够(的)adv.足够足够地;相当地;相当 (1)限定词足够的 修饰名词,通常放在名词的前面。Therell be enough time to relax after you finish your work.你完成工作后会有足够的时间放松。(2)代词足够;充分;充足 Ive had enough.Im going home.我吃饱了,我要回家了。Language points(3)副词足够地;相当常用在形容词、副词或动词之后。形容词+enough+to do sth.足够,可以做某事 We can dress ourselves because were old enough.我们可 以自己穿衣服,因为我们足够大了。He is clever enough to overcome many difficulties.他足够 聪明,可以克服很多困难。(齐齐哈尔中考)Have you played enough?你玩够了吗?Language points典例 重庆中考A卷 那位62岁的女士足够勇敢,从湖里救起了一位小伙子。(完成译句)The 62-year-old lady was brave _ _ save a young man in the lake.enough toLanguage points9 To make sure I get enough sleep,I should not stay up too late.为了保证充足的睡眠,我不应该熬夜到太晚为了保证充足的睡眠,我不应该熬夜到太晚。(教材教材P60)make sure 确保;设法保证确保;设法保证 make sure+(that)从句 确保make sure of(doing)sth.确保(做)某事 There is a new rule to make sure that you dont waste food.为了确保大家不浪费食物,出台了一条新规定。They scored another goal and made sure of victory.他们又 进了一个球,这就赢定了。可省略Language points make sure查明,弄清(某事属实或已做)I think the door is locked,but Ill just go and make sure.我 觉得门已经锁上了,不过我还是去看看好放心。典例 根据所给中文完成句子翻译。达州中考改编 我的妈妈总是确保我是安全的,让我远离危险。My mother always _ _ I am safe and keeps me from danger.makes sure谢谢聆听!THANKS七上英语七上英语 YLNJ YLNJUnit 5 A healthy lifestyleGrammarGrammar可数名词和不可数名词可数名词和不可数名词语法示例语法示例1.a piece of cheese一块奶酪(教材P62)2.Maybe we should get some cakes and bread too!也许我们还应该买一些蛋糕和面包!(教材P62)语法概述语法概述 名词是表示人、事物和抽象概念等的词。英语中的名词按其表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有复数形式,不可数名词一般没有复数形式。Grammar考向考向1 可数名词与不可数名词的区别可数名词与不可数名词的区别可数名词可数名词不可数名词不可数名词定义定义能直接用数目进行计数的名词。不能直接用数目进行计数的名词。特点特点 有复数形式。一般没有复数形式。冠词冠词搭配搭配可与不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)连用,如:a cat、the man in a black coat。不能直接与a、an连用;可与定冠词the连用,表特指,如:the bread in the fridge。Grammar可数名词可数名词不可数名词不可数名词量的量的表达表达可用具体的数词修饰,如:two books。不可用具体的数词修饰;可借助计量单位词表示一定的数量,其形式为“a/an/数词+计量单位词+of+不可数名词”,如:four kilos of beef。可用some、any、few、a few、many、a lot of/lots of来修饰复数名词,如:some books、a few oranges。可用some、any、little、a little、much、a lot of/lots of来修饰,如:some water、a little money。Grammar可数名词可数名词不可数名词不可数名词作主语作主语时时,谓谓语动词语动词的形式的形式可数名词单数作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。A boy is flying a kite in the park.一个男孩正在 公园里放风筝。不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。The apple juice tastes nice.苹果汁尝起来 很好喝。Grammar可数名词可数名词不可数名词不可数名词作主语作主语时,谓时,谓语动词语动词的形式的形式可数名词复数或两个(及两个以上的)可数名词单数并列作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Three boys are playing football in the playground.三个男孩正在操场上踢足球。An apple and a banana are my todays dinner.一个苹果 和一根香蕉是我今天的晚餐。如果不可数名词前有计量单位词修饰,则由计量单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。_Grammar可数名词可数名词不可数名词不可数名词对名词对名词的的(数)(数)量进行量进行提问提问用how many对可数名词的数量进行提问。How many books do you want to borrow?你 想借多少本书?Only two.只借两本。用how much对不可数名词的量进行提问。How much meat do you want?你想要多少 肉?One kilo.一千克。Grammar 有些名词既可作可数名词,又可作不可数名词,但词 义不同。单词单词可数名词词义可数名词词义不可数名词词义不可数名词词义chicken鸡鸡肉glass玻璃杯;一杯之量玻璃room房间空间time次;回时间orange橙子橙汁Grammar典例 扬州市邗江区期末 Is there anything I can do for you,sir?Id like two _.We all like them.BA.bowls of ricesB.boxes of applesC.kilos of porksD.bottles of oranges解析解析 句意:“先生,我能为您做些什么吗?”“我想要两箱苹果,我们都很喜欢。”rice(大米)、pork(猪肉)为不可数名词,无复数形式,排除A、C两项;D项orange与量词bottle搭配时,应译为“橙汁”,此时它为不可数名词,无复数形式,排除D项。故选B。Grammar考向考向2 可数名词复数形式的规则变化可数名词复数形式的规则变化规则规则例子例子备注备注一般在词尾直接加sgirlgirlsriverrivers清辅音后的s读/s/,如bookbooks;浊辅音或元音后的s读/z/,如bagbags。以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,去掉y,再加iescitycities butterflybutterfliesfamilyfamiliesies读/z/注:以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词不适用此规则。如:boyboysGrammar规则规则例子例子备注备注以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词,加esclassclassesboxboxesmatchmatcheses读/z/注:以ch结尾但不发/t/的可数名词不适用此规则。如:stomachstomachs以f或fe结尾的词,去掉f或fe,再加vesbookshelfbookshelvesleafleaves knifeknives wifewivesves读/vz/以o结尾的名词,加s或espianopianos kilokilospotatopotatoes heroheroess和es均读/z/Grammar考向考向3 可数名词复数形式的不规则变化可数名词复数形式的不规则变化类别类别例子例子单复数同形单复数同形Chinese(中国人)Chinesesheep(绵羊)sheep deer(鹿)deer单复单复数不数不同形同形词尾发生词尾发生变化变化child(孩子)children改变单词改变单词的元音字的元音字母母woman(妇女)women man(男人)men tooth(牙齿)teeth foot(脚)feetgoose(鹅)geeseGrammar【特别提醒特别提醒】复合名词变复数时,通常将后一个名词变为复数或将主要部分变为复数;由man或woman构成的复合名词变复数时,如果是偏正关系,两个词通常均要变为复数。shoe storeshoe stores 鞋店 woman doctorwomen doctors 女医生Grammar典例 根据汉语提示填写单词。合肥市期末改编 In the fridge,we have got many vegetables,such as carrots and _(西红柿).tomatoes解析解析 句意:在冰箱里,我们有很多蔬菜,比如胡萝卜和西红柿。“西红柿”应用tomato,且它是可数名词;空前没有限定词,所以此处应用其复数形式tomatoes。谢谢聆听!THANKS七上英语七上英语 YLNJ YLNJUnit 5 A healthy lifestyleIntegrationLanguage points1 Less than 3 times a week.每周少于每周少于3次。(教材次。(教材P64)More than 9 hours.9个小时以上。(教材个小时以上。(教材P64)less than少于,小于少于,小于 more than多于,不仅仅多于,不仅仅(1)less than(少于)与more than(多于)互为反义短语,常用于数量、时间、金钱、距离等的比较。How much do you want to spend on books?你想花多少钱买书?Less than 100 yuan.不到100元。Language points Pipa has a history of more than 2,000 years.琵琶有着两千 多年的历史。(2)more than还可意为“不仅仅”。Mr Li is more than our teacher;he is our friend.李老师不仅 仅是我们的老师,更是我们的朋友。Language points2 Almost every day.几乎每天。(教材几乎每天。(教材P64)almost/:lmst/adv.几乎几乎 副词常位于实义动词之前,连系动词be、情态动词或助动词之后。I almost forget your birthday.我差点忘记你的生日。Its almost time for bed.快到睡觉时间了。Language points【特别提醒特别提醒】almost可与no、never、nothing、nobody等表示否定意义的词连用,但不能与very、not连用。There is almost nothing in the fridge.冰箱里几乎什么 都没了。Almost nobody believed her.几乎没有人相信她。Language points3 How long do you sleep every night?你每晚睡多长时间?你每晚睡多长时间?(教材(教材P64)how long多长时间;多长多长时间;多长 具体用法如下:含义含义用法用法答语答语多长时间提问时间段(for+)时间段多长提问物体长度表示长度的词或短语Language points How long will Liu Yang stay in the space station this time?刘洋这次将在空间站待多长时间?For six months.六个月。(北京中考)Could you tell me how long the Yangtze River is?你能告诉 我长江有多长吗?Its about 6,300 kilometres long.它大约有6 300千米长。Language points 由how组成的其他常见疑问词组:词组词组含义含义用法用法答语答语how often多久一次提问频率“once/twice/three times+时间段”或always、usually、never等频度副词how soon多久以后对“in+时间段”提问,常与一般将来时连用in+时间段how far多远 提问距离表示距离的词或短语Language points How often do you help at the old peoples home?你多久到养老院帮一次忙?Once a week.We should care about the old more.每周一次。我们应该多关心老人。How soon shall we take the winter vacation?我们多久以后放寒假?In a month.一个月以后。How far is Chinas Tiangong space station from us?中国天宫空间站离我们有多远?About 400 kilometers above the earth.距离地球约400千米。(泰州中考)Language points典例 连云港中考改编 _ have you been a member of the Communist Youth League of China?For three years.AA.How longB.How manyC.How oftenD.How far解析解析 句意:“你成为共青团员有多长时间了?”“三年了。”根据答语“For three years”可知,问句是对时间段进行提问的,应用how long“多长时间”。how many意为“多少”,提问可数名词的数量;how often意为“多久一次”,提问频率;how far意为“多远”,提问距离。故选A。Language points4 Scores:a=1 point.得分:得分:a=1分分(教材(教材P64)score/sk:(r)/n.分数,成绩分数,成绩 在此处指考试中的分数、成绩,相当于grade。Through her hard work,she entered Jilin University with a high score of 615 marks in 2011.通过努力,她在2011年以 615分的高分考入吉林大学。Language points score的其他用法:(1)名词(游戏或比赛中的)得分,比分 The final score was two-zero.最终的比分为2:0。(2)动词(在游戏、比赛或考试中)得分 She scored 98 in the French exam.她在法语考试中得 了98分。Language points point/pnt/n.得分;要点;观点;地点得分;要点;观点;地点 point作名词的用法如下:得分得分After three years hard training,he got 99 points.经过三年的刻苦训练,他得了99分。要点要点 Ill come straight to the point.我就直奔主题了。观点观点She made some good points.她提出了一些不错的观点。地点地点 No parking beyond this point.请勿越界停车。Language points 动词指;指向 Its rude to point!用手指人很不礼貌啊!She pointed to the north.她指向北方。Language points5 It gives us energy for the whole morning.它为我们提供整它为我们提供整个上午所需要的能量。(教材个上午所需要的能量。(教材P65)whole/hl/adj.全部的;整个的全部的;整个的 n.全部;整个全部;整个 (1)形容词全部的;整个的位于冠词、物主代词等限定词之后,即“限定词+whole+名词”,该结构相当于“all+限定词+名词”。It took her the whole afternoon to check out all the information.她花
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七上英语七上英语 YLNJ YLNJUnit 5 A healthy lifestyleWelcome to the unitLanguage points1 sweets 糖果(教材糖果(教材P57)sweet/swi:t/n.糖果;甜食糖果;甜食 adj.甜的;可爱的甜的;可爱的 (1)名词糖果;甜食作“糖果”讲时为可数名词;作“(餐后的)甜食,甜点”讲时,既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。Most children like sweets.大部分孩子喜欢吃糖果。Would you like some more sweet?你想再吃点甜食吗?Language points(2)形容词甜的;含糖的 have a sweet tooth爱吃甜食 I know you have a sweet tooth,so I bought you a box of chocolates.我知道你喜欢吃甜食,所以我给你买了一盒巧 克力糖。(3)形容词可爱的,惹人喜爱的 You look sweet in this photograph.你这张照片照得很可爱。Language points sweet作形容词的其他用法:(气味)芳香的(气味)芳香的sweet-smelling flowers芬芳的花朵(声音)悦耳的,(声音)悦耳的,好听的好听的have a sweet voice声音甜美令人愉快的令人愉快的Goodnight.Sweet dreams.晚安。祝你做个好梦。Language points典例 完成句子,每空一词。天津中考 我喜欢甜食,你知道的。I have a _ _,you know.sweettooth【语境串记语境串记】My daughter likes to eat sweet(adj.)sweets(n.)very much.After that,she always sings in a sweet(adj.)voice.Thats really a sweet(adj.)moment for her.我的女儿很喜欢吃甜甜的糖果。吃完之后她总是用悦耳的声音唱歌。那对她来说的确是美好的时刻。Language points2 Fish is good for our health.鱼肉对我们的健康有益。鱼肉对我们的健康有益。(教材(教材P57)fish n.鱼;鱼肉鱼;鱼肉 (1)可数名词鱼通常的复数形式为fish,较古老的形式fishes可用于表示不同种类的鱼。They have three fish.他们有三条鱼。There are many kinds of fishes in the sea.海洋里有许多种鱼。(2)不可数名词鱼肉 The boy likes eating fish.这个男孩爱吃鱼肉。Language points 动词钓鱼;捕鱼 go fishing去钓鱼 Lets go fishing this weekend.这个周末咱们去钓鱼吧。【语境串记语境串记】In the river there are many kinds of fishes(n.),and I often fish(v.)there.Today I catch two fish(n.).I can have some fish(n.)for dinner.这条河里有许多种鱼,我经常在那里钓鱼。今天我钓到了两条鱼,晚餐我可以吃一些鱼肉。Language points health/hel/n.健康健康 不可数名词be in good/poor health身体好/差 Eating too much of the wrong food will harm your health.吃太多不健康的食物会损害你的健康。(聊城中考)My grandma is in good health.我祖母身体很好。Language points 与health相关的单词:Its important to stay healthy.保持健康很重要。Eating too much fast food is an unhealthy habit.吃太多快餐 是一种不健康的习惯。Language points be good for 对对有好处有好处 同义短语:be great for。反义短语:be bad for“对有坏处”。for为介词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。Studies show green tea is good for your heart.研究表明绿 茶对心脏有好处。Swimming is good for keeping slim.游泳有益于保持苗条 的身材。谢谢聆听!THANKS七上英语七上英语 YLNJ YLNJUnit 5 A healthy lifestyleReading语篇研读语篇研读语篇研读【难点解读】【难点解读】“It+be+adj.+for sb.to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是的”,该句式与“It+be+adj.+of sb.to do sth.”的具体用法见本书Unit 3。语篇研读巧用对比巧用对比 本文从锻炼、饮食和睡眠三个维度来比较两人的生活方式,让文章的主题更加突出。对比在写作中是一种常见的表现手法,是将两个具有明显差异的事物一起做比较,形成鲜明对照,从而给读者深刻的印象和启示。语篇研读音译词音译词 文中的tofu意为“豆腐”,又可称为bean curd。该词是从汉语音译过来的,类似的词还有kung fu(功夫)、tai chi(太极拳)、loong(龙)、yuan(元)等。语篇研读阅读上面文章并完成下题。How does the writer show the lifestyles of Kitty and Daniel?()A.By comparing(比较)facts.B.By telling stories.C.By listing numbers.D.By asking questions.ALanguage points1 Do you often exercise?你经常锻炼吗?(教材你经常锻炼吗?(教材P58)I need to have a good diet,do some exercise.every day.我每天需要健康饮食,做一些运动我每天需要健康饮食,做一些运动(教材(教材P60)exercise v.&n.锻炼锻炼 exercise在句中作动词,在句中作不可数名词。do/take some exercise做锻炼 My grandparents exercise every day.我的爷爷奶奶天天锻 炼身体。(作动词)Language points Dont sit in front of the computer for too long.Stand up and take some.exercise.不要在电脑前坐太久,站起来锻炼一下 吧。(作名词)可数名词一套动作do morning exercises做早操do eye exercises做眼保健操可数名词习题,练习do grammar exercises做语法练习do Maths exercises做数学练习exercise的其他用法:Language points We should do eye exercises twice a day to take good care of our eyes.我们应该每天做两次眼保健操来好好呵护我们 的眼睛。(宁波中考)We often do grammar exercises in English class.我们经常 在英语课上做语法练习。Language points典例 南京师范大学附属中学期中 Tom does morning _ to keep healthy and does Maths _ at night.A.exercises;exercisesB.exercise;exercisesC.exercise;exerciseD.exercises;exercise A解析解析 句意:汤姆做早操来保持健康,晚上做数学练习题。第一空中的exercise意为“一套动作”,为可数名词,do morning exercises表示“做早操”;第二空中的exercise意为“习题”,为可数名词,do Maths exercises表示“做数学练习题”。故选A。Language points2 It is important for me to keep fit.对我来说,保持健康很对我来说,保持健康很重要。(教材重要。(教材P58)important/mp:tnt/adj.重要的重要的 形容词可作表语或定语。be important to/for sb.对某人来说是重要的it is important(for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是重要的Language points Enough sleep is important.to us.充足的睡眠对我们来说 很重要。(陕西中考)It is an important meeting.这是一次重要的会议。Its important to remember that everybody is different.记住 每个人都是不同的,这一点很重要。(绍兴中考)前面有不定冠词时应用anLanguage points important的相关词:We all know.the importance of learning English well.我们都 知道学好英语的重要性。That is an unimportant thing.那是一件不重要的事情。的重要性前面有不定冠词时应用anLanguage points3 I never go to school without breakfast.我从来不会不吃早我从来不会不吃早餐就去上学。(教材餐就去上学。(教材P58)without/wat/prep.没有没有 介词后接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语,常用来表 示伴随或假设的情况。A friend without faults will never be found.没有十全十美 的朋友。According to the traffic rules,people mustnt ride e-bikes without wearing helmets.根据交通规则,不戴头盔就不能 骑电动自行车。(宿迁中考)Language points4 Too much sugar is bad for our teeth.吃太多糖对牙齿不好。吃太多糖对牙齿不好。(教材(教材P58)too much 太多太多 too much,too many与much tootoo much太多用作代词,在句中常作宾语。用作副词词组,修饰动词(短语)。用作形容词词组,修饰不可数名词。too many太多用作形容词词组,修饰可数名词复数。much too太用作副词词组,修饰形容词或副词。Language points【语境串记语境串记】There are still too many hamburgers and too much cola on the table.But Im much too full.桌上还有太多的汉堡包和可乐,但是我太饱了。Junk food is bad for our health.Dont eat too much.垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。不要吃太多。Language points【巧学妙巧学妙记】记】too many,too much与与much tootoo many要记住,其后名词是复数;too much、much too,用法区别在尾部;much后跟不可数,too后可跟形或副。Language points典例 You shouldnt eat _ meat,or youll get _ fat.A.too much;much tooB.too much;too muchC.much too;too muchD.much too;much too A解析解析 句意:你不应该吃太多肉,否则你会变得很胖。第一空修饰不可数名词meat,应用too much;第二空修饰形容词fat,应用much too。故选A。Language points tooth/tu:/n.牙,齿牙,齿 可数名词其复数形式为teeth/ti:/。brush(ones)teeth 刷牙 Do not use your teeth as tools to open bottles.Its bad for your teeth.不要把牙齿当成开瓶工具。这对你的牙齿不好。Its good for you to brush your teeth twice a day.一天刷两 次牙对你有好处。注意用复数形式Language points 变复数时将“oo”变成“ee”的名词还有:footfeet(脚)goose geese(鹅)典例 用所给单词的适当形式填空。宁波中考改编 Turn the tap(水龙头)off while you soap your hands or brush your _(tooth).teethLanguage points5 I have a sweet tooth and it is hard for me to say no to cakes.我我爱吃甜食,对我来说要拒绝蛋糕很难。(教材爱吃甜食,对我来说要拒绝蛋糕很难。(教材P58)say no(to.)拒绝()拒绝()Sometimes it is necessary to say no.有时候拒绝是必要的。I can never say no to dessert.我无法拒绝甜点。say hello/hi to向问好say goodbye to向道别say sorry to向道歉say thanks to向道谢 类似的表达还有:Language points6 Sometimes I stay up late.有时我会熬夜。(教材有时我会熬夜。(教材P58)stay up 熬夜熬夜 相当于stay up late。stay up all night 整夜不睡觉 Dont stay up late,or you may be late for school tomorrow.不要熬夜,否则你明天上学可能会迟到。Language points 与stay相关的其他常见短语:stay in 待在室内;不外出stay out 待在户外;不在家;(晚上)不回家stay(at)home 待在家里stay away(from sb./sth.)离开,不接近(某人);不去(某处)Language points典例 根据所给提示完成句子。黄冈中考 我爸爸是个足球迷,昨天他熬夜观看世界杯。(stay)My father is a football fan,and he _ to watch the FIFA World Cup yesterday.stayed up(late)Language points7 I plan to eat more fruit and vegetables and less sugar.我打算多吃水果和蔬菜,少吃糖。(教材我打算多吃水果和蔬菜,少吃糖。(教材P58)less/les/det.&pron.较少的,更少的较少的,更少的 adv.少,较少少,较少 反义词是more。less是little的比较级,常用来修饰或指代不可数名词。less and less意为“越来越少的”。You should eat more vegetables and fruit but less junk food every day.你每天应该多吃蔬菜和水果,少吃垃圾食品。(云南中考)(作限定词)Language points You can get a lot of help in Beijing,but here you can get less.在北京你能得到很多帮助,但在这里你能得到的较少。(作代词)Students are less likely to feel worried,unhappy or angry if they get enough sleep.如果学生睡眠充足,他们就不太可能 感到担心、不开心或生气。(作副词)Language points fewer限定词&代词更少的;更少 fewer是few的比较级,常用来修饰或指代可数名词复数。We need fewer workers.我们需要更少的工人。典例 根据首字母提示填写单词。南通市期末改编 You need to sleep more and eat l_ meat to keep fit.ess解析解析 句意:要保持健康,你需要多睡觉,少吃肉。根据常识及首字母提示可知,应填less。Language points8 I need to get enough sleep.我需要获得充足的睡眠。我需要获得充足的睡眠。(教材(教材P58)need/ni:d/v.需要需要 n.需要的事物;需要需要的事物;需要 (1)此处need是实义动词,相关用法有:need to do sth.需要做某事need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事sth.+need(s)doing某物需要sth.+need(s)to be done某物需要Language points【语境串记语境串记】Mum,my shoes are so dirty.I need to buy a new pair.I need you to take me to the shopping mall.妈妈,我的鞋很脏。我需要买一双新的。我需要你带我去购物中心。Oh,dear,I think they just need washing.哦,亲爱的,我认为它们只是需要清洗一下。Language points(2)名词需要的事物;需要there is no need(for sb.)to do sth.(某人)不必做某事in need of需要 I will try my best to meet your needs.我将尽最大努力满足 你们的需要。Tomorrow is Saturday.There is no need for you to get up early.明天是星期六,你不必早起。The house is in need of a good clean.这房子需要彻底打扫 一下。Language points典例 用所给单词的适当形式填空。淮安市淮安区期中 All the students need _(do)after-school activities.to doLanguage points enough/nf/det.&pron.足够(的)足够(的)adv.足够足够地;相当地;相当 (1)限定词足够的 修饰名词,通常放在名词的前面。Therell be enough time to relax after you finish your work.你完成工作后会有足够的时间放松。(2)代词足够;充分;充足 Ive had enough.Im going home.我吃饱了,我要回家了。Language points(3)副词足够地;相当常用在形容词、副词或动词之后。形容词+enough+to do sth.足够,可以做某事 We can dress ourselves because were old enough.我们可 以自己穿衣服,因为我们足够大了。He is clever enough to overcome many difficulties.他足够 聪明,可以克服很多困难。(齐齐哈尔中考)Have you played enough?你玩够了吗?Language points典例 重庆中考A卷 那位62岁的女士足够勇敢,从湖里救起了一位小伙子。(完成译句)The 62-year-old lady was brave _ _ save a young man in the lake.enough toLanguage points9 To make sure I get enough sleep,I should not stay up too late.为了保证充足的睡眠,我不应该熬夜到太晚为了保证充足的睡眠,我不应该熬夜到太晚。(教材教材P60)make sure 确保;设法保证确保;设法保证 make sure+(that)从句 确保make sure of(doing)sth.确保(做)某事 There is a new rule to make sure that you dont waste food.为了确保大家不浪费食物,出台了一条新规定。They scored another goal and made sure of victory.他们又 进了一个球,这就赢定了。可省略Language points make sure查明,弄清(某事属实或已做)I think the door is locked,but Ill just go and make sure.我 觉得门已经锁上了,不过我还是去看看好放心。典例 根据所给中文完成句子翻译。达州中考改编 我的妈妈总是确保我是安全的,让我远离危险。My mother always _ _ I am safe and keeps me from danger.makes sure谢谢聆听!THANKS七上英语七上英语 YLNJ YLNJUnit 5 A healthy lifestyleGrammarGrammar可数名词和不可数名词可数名词和不可数名词语法示例语法示例1.a piece of cheese一块奶酪(教材P62)2.Maybe we should get some cakes and bread too!也许我们还应该买一些蛋糕和面包!(教材P62)语法概述语法概述 名词是表示人、事物和抽象概念等的词。英语中的名词按其表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有复数形式,不可数名词一般没有复数形式。Grammar考向考向1 可数名词与不可数名词的区别可数名词与不可数名词的区别可数名词可数名词不可数名词不可数名词定义定义能直接用数目进行计数的名词。不能直接用数目进行计数的名词。特点特点 有复数形式。一般没有复数形式。冠词冠词搭配搭配可与不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)连用,如:a cat、the man in a black coat。不能直接与a、an连用;可与定冠词the连用,表特指,如:the bread in the fridge。Grammar可数名词可数名词不可数名词不可数名词量的量的表达表达可用具体的数词修饰,如:two books。不可用具体的数词修饰;可借助计量单位词表示一定的数量,其形式为“a/an/数词+计量单位词+of+不可数名词”,如:four kilos of beef。可用some、any、few、a few、many、a lot of/lots of来修饰复数名词,如:some books、a few oranges。可用some、any、little、a little、much、a lot of/lots of来修饰,如:some water、a little money。Grammar可数名词可数名词不可数名词不可数名词作主语作主语时时,谓谓语动词语动词的形式的形式可数名词单数作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。A boy is flying a kite in the park.一个男孩正在 公园里放风筝。不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。The apple juice tastes nice.苹果汁尝起来 很好喝。Grammar可数名词可数名词不可数名词不可数名词作主语作主语时,谓时,谓语动词语动词的形式的形式可数名词复数或两个(及两个以上的)可数名词单数并列作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Three boys are playing football in the playground.三个男孩正在操场上踢足球。An apple and a banana are my todays dinner.一个苹果 和一根香蕉是我今天的晚餐。如果不可数名词前有计量单位词修饰,则由计量单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。_Grammar可数名词可数名词不可数名词不可数名词对名词对名词的的(数)(数)量进行量进行提问提问用how many对可数名词的数量进行提问。How many books do you want to borrow?你 想借多少本书?Only two.只借两本。用how much对不可数名词的量进行提问。How much meat do you want?你想要多少 肉?One kilo.一千克。Grammar 有些名词既可作可数名词,又可作不可数名词,但词 义不同。单词单词可数名词词义可数名词词义不可数名词词义不可数名词词义chicken鸡鸡肉glass玻璃杯;一杯之量玻璃room房间空间time次;回时间orange橙子橙汁Grammar典例 扬州市邗江区期末 Is there anything I can do for you,sir?Id like two _.We all like them.BA.bowls of ricesB.boxes of applesC.kilos of porksD.bottles of oranges解析解析 句意:“先生,我能为您做些什么吗?”“我想要两箱苹果,我们都很喜欢。”rice(大米)、pork(猪肉)为不可数名词,无复数形式,排除A、C两项;D项orange与量词bottle搭配时,应译为“橙汁”,此时它为不可数名词,无复数形式,排除D项。故选B。Grammar考向考向2 可数名词复数形式的规则变化可数名词复数形式的规则变化规则规则例子例子备注备注一般在词尾直接加sgirlgirlsriverrivers清辅音后的s读/s/,如bookbooks;浊辅音或元音后的s读/z/,如bagbags。以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,去掉y,再加iescitycities butterflybutterfliesfamilyfamiliesies读/z/注:以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词不适用此规则。如:boyboysGrammar规则规则例子例子备注备注以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词,加esclassclassesboxboxesmatchmatcheses读/z/注:以ch结尾但不发/t/的可数名词不适用此规则。如:stomachstomachs以f或fe结尾的词,去掉f或fe,再加vesbookshelfbookshelvesleafleaves knifeknives wifewivesves读/vz/以o结尾的名词,加s或espianopianos kilokilospotatopotatoes heroheroess和es均读/z/Grammar考向考向3 可数名词复数形式的不规则变化可数名词复数形式的不规则变化类别类别例子例子单复数同形单复数同形Chinese(中国人)Chinesesheep(绵羊)sheep deer(鹿)deer单复单复数不数不同形同形词尾发生词尾发生变化变化child(孩子)children改变单词改变单词的元音字的元音字母母woman(妇女)women man(男人)men tooth(牙齿)teeth foot(脚)feetgoose(鹅)geeseGrammar【特别提醒特别提醒】复合名词变复数时,通常将后一个名词变为复数或将主要部分变为复数;由man或woman构成的复合名词变复数时,如果是偏正关系,两个词通常均要变为复数。shoe storeshoe stores 鞋店 woman doctorwomen doctors 女医生Grammar典例 根据汉语提示填写单词。合肥市期末改编 In the fridge,we have got many vegetables,such as carrots and _(西红柿).tomatoes解析解析 句意:在冰箱里,我们有很多蔬菜,比如胡萝卜和西红柿。“西红柿”应用tomato,且它是可数名词;空前没有限定词,所以此处应用其复数形式tomatoes。谢谢聆听!THANKS七上英语七上英语 YLNJ YLNJUnit 5 A healthy lifestyleIntegrationLanguage points1 Less than 3 times a week.每周少于每周少于3次。(教材次。(教材P64)More than 9 hours.9个小时以上。(教材个小时以上。(教材P64)less than少于,小于少于,小于 more than多于,不仅仅多于,不仅仅(1)less than(少于)与more than(多于)互为反义短语,常用于数量、时间、金钱、距离等的比较。How much do you want to spend on books?你想花多少钱买书?Less than 100 yuan.不到100元。Language points Pipa has a history of more than 2,000 years.琵琶有着两千 多年的历史。(2)more than还可意为“不仅仅”。Mr Li is more than our teacher;he is our friend.李老师不仅 仅是我们的老师,更是我们的朋友。Language points2 Almost every day.几乎每天。(教材几乎每天。(教材P64)almost/:lmst/adv.几乎几乎 副词常位于实义动词之前,连系动词be、情态动词或助动词之后。I almost forget your birthday.我差点忘记你的生日。Its almost time for bed.快到睡觉时间了。Language points【特别提醒特别提醒】almost可与no、never、nothing、nobody等表示否定意义的词连用,但不能与very、not连用。There is almost nothing in the fridge.冰箱里几乎什么 都没了。Almost nobody believed her.几乎没有人相信她。Language points3 How long do you sleep every night?你每晚睡多长时间?你每晚睡多长时间?(教材(教材P64)how long多长时间;多长多长时间;多长 具体用法如下:含义含义用法用法答语答语多长时间提问时间段(for+)时间段多长提问物体长度表示长度的词或短语Language points How long will Liu Yang stay in the space station this time?刘洋这次将在空间站待多长时间?For six months.六个月。(北京中考)Could you tell me how long the Yangtze River is?你能告诉 我长江有多长吗?Its about 6,300 kilometres long.它大约有6 300千米长。Language points 由how组成的其他常见疑问词组:词组词组含义含义用法用法答语答语how often多久一次提问频率“once/twice/three times+时间段”或always、usually、never等频度副词how soon多久以后对“in+时间段”提问,常与一般将来时连用in+时间段how far多远 提问距离表示距离的词或短语Language points How often do you help at the old peoples home?你多久到养老院帮一次忙?Once a week.We should care about the old more.每周一次。我们应该多关心老人。How soon shall we take the winter vacation?我们多久以后放寒假?In a month.一个月以后。How far is Chinas Tiangong space station from us?中国天宫空间站离我们有多远?About 400 kilometers above the earth.距离地球约400千米。(泰州中考)Language points典例 连云港中考改编 _ have you been a member of the Communist Youth League of China?For three years.AA.How longB.How manyC.How oftenD.How far解析解析 句意:“你成为共青团员有多长时间了?”“三年了。”根据答语“For three years”可知,问句是对时间段进行提问的,应用how long“多长时间”。how many意为“多少”,提问可数名词的数量;how often意为“多久一次”,提问频率;how far意为“多远”,提问距离。故选A。Language points4 Scores:a=1 point.得分:得分:a=1分分(教材(教材P64)score/sk:(r)/n.分数,成绩分数,成绩 在此处指考试中的分数、成绩,相当于grade。Through her hard work,she entered Jilin University with a high score of 615 marks in 2011.通过努力,她在2011年以 615分的高分考入吉林大学。Language points score的其他用法:(1)名词(游戏或比赛中的)得分,比分 The final score was two-zero.最终的比分为2:0。(2)动词(在游戏、比赛或考试中)得分 She scored 98 in the French exam.她在法语考试中得 了98分。Language points point/pnt/n.得分;要点;观点;地点得分;要点;观点;地点 point作名词的用法如下:得分得分After three years hard training,he got 99 points.经过三年的刻苦训练,他得了99分。要点要点 Ill come straight to the point.我就直奔主题了。观点观点She made some good points.她提出了一些不错的观点。地点地点 No parking beyond this point.请勿越界停车。Language points 动词指;指向 Its rude to point!用手指人很不礼貌啊!She pointed to the north.她指向北方。Language points5 It gives us energy for the whole morning.它为我们提供整它为我们提供整个上午所需要的能量。(教材个上午所需要的能量。(教材P65)whole/hl/adj.全部的;整个的全部的;整个的 n.全部;整个全部;整个 (1)形容词全部的;整个的位于冠词、物主代词等限定词之后,即“限定词+whole+名词”,该结构相当于“all+限定词+名词”。It took her the whole afternoon to check out all the information.她花
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英语
Unit
healthy
lifestyle)
(ppt课件)-2024新牛津译林版七年级上册《英语》
lifestyle
ppt
课件
牛津
译林版七
年级
上册
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