初中英语人教新目标九年级全册Unit 1—Unit 3语法知识讲解练习.doc

1、九年级英语全册语法知识讲解练习Unit 1:How can we become good learners?【语法重点】一、“by+V-ing”结构详解（1）by+V-ing”结构在句子中作方式状语，常用来表示“以、靠、借助、通过、用（某种方法或手段)”而达到某种预期的目的。该结构常用来回答How do you.?之类的问题。eg： How do you learn English? I learn it by making word cards.（2）当by和表示交通工具的名词连用时，它与名词之间不用任何限定词，且名词用单数形式。eg: They often go to school by

2、subway.他们经常坐地铁上学。（3）by+地点名词”表示位置，意为“靠近；在旁边”。eg：by the river 在河边（4）by+时间”表示“在之前；不迟于。eg：by 3clock 在 3 点之前（5）表示移动方向，意为“经过”。eg：pass by 经过（6）by用在被动语态中，表示“被；由”，后接动作的执行者，用来引出原主动语态的主语。eg：This book was written by Lu Xun.（7）构成固定短语。eg：by the way 顺便问一下；one by one 逐个的；by accident 偶然；by oneself 独自；单独；word by word

3、 逐字地by mistake 错误的by chance 偶然的拓展：by,in 和 with都可以表示通过；借助”。by后接表示动作、行为的名词；in表示用某种语言；用某种材料“； wth后接表示物体或工具的名词。如：You may send the book by post.你可以通过邮局把书寄出去。Can you say it in English？You can write it with a red pen.二、提建议的句式。1、What/how about +doing sth.?eg：What/How about going shopping?2、Why dont you +do

4、sth.?eg：Why dont you go shopping?3、Why not+do sth.?eg：Why not go shopping?4、Lets+do sth.eg：Lets go shopping5、Shall we/I+do sth.?eg：Shall we go shoping?【练习】1、 How do you go to work? I go to work _ bus.2、Please write it _ Chinese.3、 Its a good habit to pick up food _ serving chopsticks.（公筷）4、I learn E

5、nglish by _ (listen) to tapes.答案：1、by 2、in 3、 with 4、 listeningUnit 2 : I think that mooncakes are delicious!一、反义疑问句前肯 +后否 。eg：Lily is a student， isnt she?Lily will go to China, wont she?前否 +后肯 。eg：She doesnt come from China, does she?You havent finished homework, have you?提问部分用代词而不用名词eg：Lily is a s

6、tudent, isnt she?陈述句中含有否定意义的词eg：little, few, never, nothing, hard等，其反意疑问句用肯定式. He knows little English, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？否定前缀不算否定eg：Tom is unhappy today, isnt he?二、表达“花费”1.spend 动词，表示花费金钱、时间spend.on sth.在某事上花费（金钱、时间）spend.(in) doing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事eg：He spends too much time on clothes.他花费太多的时

7、间在衣服上。（花金钱）He spend 2 hours finishing homework.他花费了两个小时完成作业。（花时间）2.pay的基本用法是：pay for sth. 付.的钱。pay for sb. 替某人付钱。pay sb. 付钱给某人。pay(sb.)money for sth.花费钱（给某人）买eg：I pay10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元买这本书。I have to pay for the book lost.我不得不赔丢失的书款.Dont worry! Ill pay for you,别担心，我会给你付钱的.3.take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法

8、有以下几种：It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间。doing sth.takes sb. +时间，做某事花了某人多少时间。如：It took them three years to build this road.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路，Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.他花了一下午修车.4.cost 的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示”值”，常见用法如下：sth. costs (sb.)+金钱，某物花了（某人）多少钱。(doing) sth.costs(sb).时间，某物（做某事）花了（某

9、人）多少时间。注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。如：A new computer costs a lot of money.一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。【练习】1.Tom spent 200 yuan _ this book.A.in B.on C.for D.with2. It _ me two days to finish the work.A.took B.cost C.spent D.paid3. I _ some of my

10、 free time playing basketball for my school team.A.spend B.cost C.take D.pay4. 1 _ $300 for the bike.A.took B.spent C.cost D.paid答案：B A A DUnit 3:Could you please tell mewhere the restrooms are?第三单元的语法重点是连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句。1.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which等引导，不能省路。例eg：Do you know who he is?2.由连接副词how,w

11、here,when,why引导，也不可省略。eg：I dont know where I can buy this kind of camera.3.宾语从句用陈述句语序，即：连接词+主语+谓语+其他。4.主句与从句的时态关系：(1)如果主句是一般现在时，从句可以是根据情况所需要的任何时态。eg：I dont know when she came here.Can you tell me when he will come here?(2)如果主句是过去的时态，从句也应用过去时态的某一种，但若从句是表示客观事实或真理时，从句时态不受主句时态的限制，应用一般现在时。eg：He told us w

12、hy he would stay at home the next day.The teacher explained how the earth goes around the sun.5.某些由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句可改为含“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构的简单句。例如：Can you tell me where I can buy this book?-Can you tell me where to buy this book?【练习】1. -Could you please tell me _ ?-The people and the food.A.how does Tom like ChinaB.if Tom likes ChinaC.what does Tom like about ChinaD.what Tom likes about China2. -Could you tell me _ ?一Sure.A story book.A.when did your friend give it to youB.what did your friend give youC.How your froend got to the supermarketD.what your friend gave you答案：D D4