2024新外研版七年级上册《英语》Unit1单元语法(人称代词、物主代词和反身代词)精讲精练.rar

Unit 1 A new start 单元语法精讲精练单元语法精讲精练人称代词、物主代词和反身代词人称代词、物主代词和反身代词一、代词定义代词是用来代替名词或名词词组的，在句子中避免名词的重复。代词的使用必须和它所代替的名词在人称和数上保持一致。二、人称代词人称代词是指代人或物名称的代词，用来表示“你、我、她”等这样的含义。人称代词有单复数和主宾格的区别。1.人称代词的形式单数复数第一人称（我）第二人称（你）第三人称（他、她、它）第一人称（我们）第二人称（你们）第三人称（他们）主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem2.人称代词的用法(1)人称代词的主格作主语。e.g.I am a worker.我是一名工人。Are you a doctor?你是一名医生吗?Its a big box.这是一个大盒子。(2)人称代词的宾格作宾语或作表语。e.g.Can you understand me?你能理解我吗？(作动词宾语)The skirt is for you.这条裙子是给你的。(作介词宾语)Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门？Its me.是我。(作表语)(3)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格，即使它代表主语时也是如此。e.g.I like travelling.我喜欢旅游。Me too.我也喜欢。(4)多个人称代词并列使用时的顺序。多个单数人称代词并列作主语时，按照下面的顺序：第二人称第三人称第一人称，即 you,he/she/it and I【注意】若是承担错误责任，第一人称应当先)。e.g.It was I and John that made her angry.是我和约翰使她生气了。多个复数人称代词并列作主语时，按照下面的顺序：第一人称第二人称第三人称，即 we,you and they。【即学即练】【即学即练】1My uncle will come to Beijing by high-speed train from Fuxin this weekend.Well meet _ at Chaoyang Railway Station.AheBsheChimDher2Judy and Lily like sports,and _ often play volleyball after school.AweByouCtheirDthey3Sandy,could you fold the clothes for me?Why _?I am not available.You can ask David to do _ instead.Ahim;themBme;itCI;itDme;them三、物主代词表示所属关系的代词称为物主代词，用来指代说明“物的主人”，例如表达“你的”“我的”“他的”等意义。物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种，有单复数的区别。1.物主代词的形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词单数复数第一人称(我的)第二人称(你的)第三人称(他/她/它的)第一人称(我们的)第二人称(你们的)第三人称(他/她/它们的)形容词性物主代词myyourhis/her/itsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshis/he rs/itsoursyourstheirs2.物主代词的用法(1)形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，在句中作定语修饰名词，不可单独使用e.g.It is my new bike.这是我的新自行车。Our school is not far from here。我们学校离这儿不远。(2)名词性物主代词起名词的作用，相当于形容词性物主代词+名词，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语，可单独使用。e.g.My bag is black.Hers is blue.我的包是黑色的，她的是蓝色的。（作主语，Hers=Her bag）I dont like my dress.I like yours.我不喜欢我的裙子，我喜欢你的。（作宾语，yours=your dress）The blue jacket is mine.这件蓝色夹克是我的。(作表语，mine=my jacket)【即学即练】【即学即练】1Daming is busy making a list of things for_ camping trip now.AheBhisChimDhimself2 Whose bike is this?Dont put it here.Oh,its not mine.its _.Aher Bshe Chers3These two boys enjoy reading.They are talking about _ favorite writers.AtheyBthemCtheirDtheirs4Lucy,is this _ dictionary?No,it isnt._ is in my bag.Ayour;YoursBmy;MineCyour;MineDmy;Hers四、反身代词反身代词是表示动作回到其执行者本身或是起强调作用的一组代词，例如“我自己”“你自己”“他自己”等。1.反身代词的形式第一、二人称的反身代词由“形容词性物主代词+self/selves”构成；第三人称的反身代词由“人称代词宾格+self/selves”构成，有单复数之分。人称单数复数第一人称myself 我自己ourselves 我们自己第二人称yourself 你自己yourselves 你们自己第三人称himself/herself/itself 他/她/它自己themselves 他们自己2.反身代词的用法(1)反身代词在句中作宾语或表语e.g.He enjoyed himself in the wild.他在野外玩得很开心。（作宾语）Just be yourself.做你自己就好。（作表语）(2)反身代词放在主语或宾语后，表示强调e.g.I myself can finish it.我自己可以完成。You should invite the headmaster himself to come here.你应该邀请校长本人来这儿。(3)用于一些固定搭配中e.g.by oneself 独自 help oneself 自行取用；请自便enjoy oneself 玩得开心 lose oneself=lose ones way 迷路devote oneself to 献身于 of oneself 独自【即学即练】【即学即练】1Dont ride your bike too fast,or you may hurt _.AmyselfByourselfChimselfDitself2 I saw your grandma using Douyin on the phone.Who taught her?Nobody.She taught _.AhimselfBmyselfCherselfDyourself3Teachers often say that teenagers should learn to look after _.Aourselves Byourselves Cthemselves一、单项选择一、单项选择1When _ parents went away on business,I looked after _.Amy;myselfBmy;mineCme;myselfDme;mine2Using AI tools in the right way can help _ to work better.AweBusCour3Miss Lin teaches piano very well.With _ help,Ive made great progress.AhisBherCtheir4Maria,you should believe in _.Thats the secret of success.OK,I will.AmyselfByourselfCherselfDhimself5Amy,there is a book on the floor.Is it _?No,its not mine.My book is on the desk.AyouByoursCyourDyourself6Is the green sweater yours?Yes,it is.Its _ sweater.AmyBmineChers7Whose camera is this?Is it _?No.its not mine.Its _.Ayours;hersByours;herCyou;herDyou;hers8My teacher Miss Chen often helps me with my English.I thank _ very much.AsheBherChersDherself9Sorry,Alice!Its not your mistake.Its _.Its OK.AmyBmineCmeDI10When our bread maker broke,the Taylors lent us _.AtheyBthemCtheirDtheirs11 Is this pen _,Tina?No,it isnt.Its Lindas.AyouByoursCyourDyourself12This is _ book.AmyBICme13Is this your dictionary?No.Its _.AsheBherChersDherself14I believe we can make a difference if were brave enough to believe in _.AusBweCourDourselves15Your silk scarf is over there.This one is _.AIBmeCmyDmine16 Is this your pen?Yes,its _.AmeBmyCmineDmyself17Hi,Rose.Can you lend me your English dictionary?Ive left _ at home.Sure.AmyBmyselfCmineDme18Please write down _ mail address.I will send _ the photos.Ahis；himBhis；heChim；himDhim；his19Jack is only four years old.He is too young to look after _.AherselfBitselfCyourselfDhimself20Pandas are so cute.Most children like _.AtheyBthemCtheirDthemselves21Mary,is this your sisters smartwatch?No,_ is pink.AhisBmineChersDyours22Lily,put your books into your schoolbag.Theyre not _.They are Lucys.AhisBhersCmineDyours23Miss Liu teaches English very well.We all like _ classes.AyourBtheirChisDher24My sister enjoys singing and _ favorite subject is music.AhisBherCyourDtheir25Think about it and ask _:have you really done everything right?AyouByourselfCmeDmyself26Bing Dwen Dwen and Shuey Rhon Rhon express _ best wishes to the worldTogether for a Shared Future.AtheyBthemCtheirDthemselves27Tom,is this your umbrella?No,it isnt._ is on the table.AHisBItsCYoursDMine28Bills brother likes playing soccer and _ is on the school team.AsheBherChisDhe29_ name is Kate and _ wants to be a teacher.AShe;herBHer;sheCHer;her30Mary is a book lover.She could read by _ at the age of five.AherselfBhimselfCthemselves31We are in times of difficulty at present.As long as we pull together,success must belong to _.AusBweCourDours32Welcome you all to Guangyuan and enjoy _ here.AyouByourCyourselves33Hi,guys.How was your party yesterday?Wonderful!We had a big meal and enjoyed _.AthemselvesBmyselfCyourselvesDourselves34I have my own advantages and my friends have _.AhisBhersCtheirsDours35_ friend Nancy from France is crazy about Chinese culture.AHeBHimCHisDHimself36I havent brought my dictionary with me.Can I use _?AyouByourCyoursDyourself37I cant find my pencil.May I borrow _?Sorry,I dont have one.AhisBhersCtheirsDyours38Believe in _ and you can make it.AmyselfByourselfChimselfDherself39Where did you get this sky lantern?I made it by _.AherselfBitselfCmyself40We must clean up _ classroom before going home.AweBusCourDours41What can we learn from Robinson Crusoe?We should depend on _.AusBourCourselves42My brother is very friendly._ gets along well with others.AHeBSheCIDYou二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1We enjoyed (our)at Zhaolin Park last Sunday.2Tina had to look after (she)younger sister at home last weekend.3Nie Er is a great musician in China.We all take pride in (he).4This umbrella isnt yours.Its （my）.5Every time Aron climbed a mountain,he felt proud of (him).6My father works as a volunteer to offer （he）help to the community.7Parents should not manage everything for (they)children.8Mum,why not make some zongzi by (our)today?9It is not only one of the most famous places,but also one of (it)greatest mysteries.10Here are our school uniforms.（they）are over there.11Help (you)to some fish,Tom.12The Bund attracts many people with (it)beautiful night view.Unit 1 A new start 单元语法精讲精练单元语法精讲精练人称代词、物主代词和反身代词人称代词、物主代词和反身代词一、代词定义代词是用来代替名词或名词词组的，在句子中避免名词的重复。代词的使用必须和它所代替的名词在人称和数上保持一致。二、人称代词人称代词是指代人或物名称的代词，用来表示“你、我、她”等这样的含义。人称代词有单复数和主宾格的区别。1.人称代词的形式单数复数第一人称（我）第二人称（你）第三人称（他、她、它）第一人称（我们）第二人称（你们）第三人称（他们）主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem2.人称代词的用法(1)人称代词的主格作主语。e.g.I am a worker.我是一名工人。Are you a doctor?你是一名医生吗?Its a big box.这是一个大盒子。(2)人称代词的宾格作宾语或作表语。e.g.Can you understand me?你能理解我吗？(作动词宾语)The skirt is for you.这条裙子是给你的。(作介词宾语)Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门？Its me.是我。(作表语)(3)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格，即使它代表主语时也是如此。e.g.I like travelling.我喜欢旅游。Me too.我也喜欢。(4)多个人称代词并列使用时的顺序。多个单数人称代词并列作主语时，按照下面的顺序：第二人称第三人称第一人称，即 you,he/she/it and I【注意】若是承担错误责任，第一人称应当先)。e.g.It was I and John that made her angry.是我和约翰使她生气了。多个复数人称代词并列作主语时，按照下面的顺序：第一人称第二人称第三人称，即 we,you and they。【即学即练】【即学即练】1My uncle will come to Beijing by high-speed train from Fuxin this weekend.Well meet _ at Chaoyang Railway Station.AheBsheChimDher【答案】C【详解】句意：我叔叔这个周末要坐高铁从阜新来北京。我们将在朝阳火车站接他。考查代词辨析。he 他，主格；she 她，主格；him他，宾格；her 她，宾格。此处指“My uncle”，是男性，排除 BD；在动词后作宾语用宾格，故选 C。2Judy and Lily like sports,and _ often play volleyball after school.AweByouCtheirDthey【答案】D【详解】句意：Judy 和 Lily喜欢运动，她们放学后经常打排球。考查代词辨析。we 我们；you 你们；their她们的；they 她们。此空在句中作主语，且指代前文“Judy and Lily”，用人称代词 they，故选 D。3Sandy,could you fold the clothes for me?Why _?I am not available.You can ask David to do _ instead.Ahim;themBme;itCI;itDme;them【答案】B【详解】句意：桑迪，你能帮我叠衣服吗？为什么是我？我现在没空。你可以让大卫做这件事。考查代词辨析。him他；me 我；I 我；them它们；it它。根据“Sandy,could you fold the clothes for me?”和“Why.?”可知，第一处表示“为什么是我”，用宾格 me，排除 AC。第二处指叠衣服这件事，用 it代替。故选 B。三、物主代词表示所属关系的代词称为物主代词，用来指代说明“物的主人”，例如表达“你的”“我的”“他的”等意义。物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种，有单复数的区别。1.物主代词的形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词单数复数第一人称(我的)第二人称(你的)第三人称(他/她/它的)第一人称(我们的)第二人称(你们的)第三人称(他/她/它们的)形容词性物主代词myyourhis/her/itsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshis/he rs/itsoursyourstheirs2.物主代词的用法(1)形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，在句中作定语修饰名词，不可单独使用e.g.It is my new bike.这是我的新自行车。Our school is not far from here。我们学校离这儿不远。(2)名词性物主代词起名词的作用，相当于形容词性物主代词+名词，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语，可单独使用。e.g.My bag is black.Hers is blue.我的包是黑色的，她的是蓝色的。（作主语，Hers=Her bag）I dont like my dress.I like yours.我不喜欢我的裙子，我喜欢你的。（作宾语，yours=your dress）The blue jacket is mine.这件蓝色夹克是我的。(作表语，mine=my jacket)【即学即练】【即学即练】1Daming is busy making a list of things for_ camping trip now.AheBhisChimDhimself【答案】B【详解】句意：大明现在正忙着为他的露营旅行列一张清单。考查代词辨析。he 他，主格代词；his 他的，形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词；him 他，宾格代词；himself他自己，反身代词。空后“camping trip”是名词性短语，需用形容词性物主代词修饰。故选 B。2 Whose bike is this?Dont put it here.Oh,its not mine.its _.AherBsheChers【答案】C【详解】句意：这是谁的自行车？不要把它放在这里。哦，这不是我的。这是她的。考查代词辨析。her 她，她的；she 她；hers 她的，名词性物主代词。空处是表示“她的自行车”，空后没有名词，应用名词性物主代词，hers=her bike，故选 C。3These two boys enjoy reading.They are talking about _ favorite writers.AtheyBthemCtheirDtheirs【答案】C【详解】句意：这两个男孩喜欢读书。他们正在谈论他们最喜欢的作家。考查代词辨析。they 他们，人称代词主格；them他们，人称代词宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs 他们的，名词性物主代词。根据“They are talking aboutfavorite writers.”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰 favorite writers。故选 C。4Lucy,is this _ dictionary?No,it isnt._ is in my bag.Ayour;YoursBmy;MineCyour;MineDmy;Hers【答案】C【详解】句意：露西，这是你的字典吗？不，它不是。我的在我的包里。考查代词。your“你的、你们的”，形容词性物主代词；my“我的”，形容词性物主代词；yours“你的、你们的”，名词性物主代词；mine“我的”，名词性物主代词；hers“她的”，名词性物主代词。根据句子结构及逻辑关系可知，第一个空要用 your，作定语，修饰名词 dictionary；第二个空要用 mine，作主语。故选 C。四、反身代词反身代词是表示动作回到其执行者本身或是起强调作用的一组代词，例如“我自己”“你自己”“他自己”等。1.反身代词的形式第一、二人称的反身代词由“形容词性物主代词+self/selves”构成；第三人称的反身代词由“人称代词宾格+self/selves”构成，有单复数之分。人称单数复数第一人称myself 我自己ourselves 我们自己第二人称yourself 你自己yourselves 你们自己第三人称himself/herself/itself 他/她/它自己themselves 他们自己2.反身代词的用法(1)反身代词在句中作宾语或表语e.g.He enjoyed himself in the wild.他在野外玩得很开心。（作宾语）Just be yourself.做你自己就好。（作表语）(2)反身代词放在主语或宾语后，表示强调e.g.I myself can finish it.我自己可以完成。You should invite the headmaster himself to come here.你应该邀请校长本人来这儿。(3)用于一些固定搭配中e.g.by oneself 独自 help oneself 自行取用；请自便enjoy oneself 玩得开心 lose oneself=lose ones way 迷路devote oneself to 献身于 of oneself 独自【即学即练】【即学即练】1Dont ride your bike too fast,or you may hurt _.AmyselfByourselfChimselfDitself【答案】B【详解】句意：不要骑自行车太快，否则你会受伤的。考查反身代词。myself 我自己；yourself 你自己；himself他自己；itself它自己。根据“you may hurt”可知主语是 you，用反身代词 yourself。故选 B。2 I saw your grandma using Douyin on the phone.Who taught her?Nobody.She taught _.AhimselfBmyselfCherselfDyourself【答案】C【详解】句意：我看到你奶奶用抖音打电话。谁教她的？没有人。她自学的。考查反身代词。himself他自己；myself 我自己；herself 她自己；yourself 你自己。根据 She 可知，反身代词应该与主语在人称上保持一致，所以此空应填 herself，故选 C。3Teachers often say that teenagers should learn to look after _.AourselvesByourselvesCthemselves【答案】C【详解】句意：老师经常说，青少年应该学会照顾自己。考查代词辨析。ourselves 我们自己；yourselves 你自己，你们自己；themselves 他们自己。根据“teenagers”可知青少年应该照顾他们自己，应用反身代词 themselves 表示“他们自己”。故选 C。一、单项选择一、单项选择1When _ parents went away on business,I looked after _.Amy;myselfBmy;mineCme;myselfDme;mine【答案】A【详解】句意：我父母出差时，我自己照顾自己。考查代词辨析。my 我的，形容词性物主代词；myself 我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；me 我，宾格。第一处作定语修饰 parents，用形容词性物主代词；第二处主语和宾语是同一人，所以是“照顾自己”，用反身代词。故选 A。2Using AI tools in the right way can help _ to work better.AweBusCour【答案】B【详解】句意：用正确的方式使用 AI 工具可以帮助我们更好工作。考查代词辨析。we 我们，主格；us 我们，宾格；our 我们，形容词性物主代词。help 为动词，后接宾格。故选 B。3Miss Lin teaches piano very well.With _ help,Ive made great progress.AhisBherCtheir【答案】B【详解】句意：林小姐钢琴教得很好。在她的帮助下，我取得了很大的进步。考查代词辨析。his 他的；her 她的；their他们的。根据“Miss Lin teaches piano very well.”可知，此处指在林小姐的帮助下，Miss Lin 是女性，应用代词 her。故选 B。4Maria,you should believe in _.Thats the secret of success.OK,I will.AmyselfByourselfCherselfDhimself【答案】B【详解】句意：玛丽亚，你应该相信自己。这就是成功的秘诀。好的，我会的。考查反身代词。myself 我自己；yourself 你自己；herself 她自己；himself他自己。此处是对玛丽亚说，你应该相信你自己，故用反身代词 yourself。故选 B。5Amy,there is a book on the floor.Is it _?No,its not mine.My book is on the desk.AyouByoursCyourDyourself【答案】B【详解】句意：艾米，地上有本书。它是你的吗？不，不是我的。我的书在桌子上。考查代词辨析。you 你，人称代词；yours 你的，名词性物主代词；your 你的，形容词性物主代词；yourself你自己，反身代词。空格后没有名词，此处指这本书是你的吗，故用名词性物主代词 yours，指代 your book。故选 B。6Is the green sweater yours?Yes,it is.Its _ sweater.AmyBmineChers【答案】A【详解】句意：这件绿色毛衣是你的吗？是的，它是。这是我的毛衣。考查代词辨析。my 我的；mine我的；hers 她的。修饰名词 sweater 用形容词性物主代词 my。故选 A。7Whose camera is this?Is it _?No.its not mine.Its _.Ayours;hersByours;herCyou;herDyou;hers【答案】A【详解】句意：这是谁的照相机？它是你的吗？不，它不是我的。它是她的。考查代词辨析。yours 你的，名词性物主代词；you 你；hers 她的，名词性物主代词；her 她的，形容词性物主代词。根据“Is it.”可知此处询问是不是你的，空一用 yours；根据“Its”可知第二个空指是她的，空后无名词，用名词性物主代词。故选 A。8My teacher Miss Chen often helps me with my English.I thank _ very much.AsheBherChersDherself【答案】B【详解】句意：我的老师陈老师经常帮助我学习英语。我非常感谢她。考查代词辨析。she 她，主格；her 她，宾格；hers 她的，名词性物主代词；herself 她自己，反身代词。根据“My teacher Miss Chen”可知此处指陈老师，作宾语用代词宾格 her。故选 B。9Sorry,Alice!Its not your mistake.Its _.Its OK.AmyBmineCmeDI【答案】B【详解】句意：抱歉，爱丽丝。这不是你的错。是我的错。没关系。考查代词辨析。my 我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；me 我，宾格；I 我，主格。空处后无名词，指“我的错误”应用名词性物主代词。故选 B。10When our bread maker broke,the Taylors lent us _.AtheyBthemCtheirDtheirs【答案】D【详解】句意：当我们的面包机坏了，泰勒一家把他们的借给了我们。考查代词辨析。they 他们，主格；them它们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs 他们的，名词性物主代词。根据“When our bread maker broke,the Taylors lent us”可知，此处指把他们的面包机借给我们，此空后无名词，应填名词性物主代词，故选 D。11 Is this pen _,Tina?No,it isnt.Its Lindas.AyouByoursCyourDyourself【答案】B【详解】句意：Tina，这支钢笔是你的吗？不，它不是。它是 Linda的。考查代词辨析。you 你，人称代词主格；yours 你的，名词性物主代词；your 你的，形容词性物主代词；yourself 你自己，反身代词。根据“Is this pen”可知，问钢笔是不是你的，空后没有名词，用名词性物主代词作表语。故选 B。12This is _ book.AmyBICme【答案】A【详解】句意：这是我的书。考查代词辨析。my 我的；I 我；me 我。此处作定语修饰 book，用形容词性物主代词形式。故选 A。13Is this your dictionary?No.Its _.AsheBherChersDherself【答案】C【详解】句意：这是你的字典吗？不。它是她的。考查代词辨析。she 她；her 她，她的；hers 她的；herself 她自己。根据“No.Its.”和选项可知，此处表示“她的字典”，用 hers 代替 her dictionary。故选 C。14I believe we can make a difference if were brave enough to believe in _.AusBweCourDourselves【答案】D【详解】句意：我相信，如果我们有足够的勇气相信自己，我们就能有所作为。考查代词辨析。us 我们，人称代词宾格；we 我们，人称代词主格；our 我们的，形容词性物主代词；ourselves 我们自己，反身代词。此处是 believe in oneself“相信自己”，故用反身代词。故选 D。15Your silk scarf is over there.This one is _.AIBmeCmyDmine【答案】D【详解】句意：你的丝巾在那边。这是我的。考查代词辨析。I 我，人称代词主格；me 我，人称代词宾格；my 我的，形容词性物主代词；mine名词性物主代词。空格后没有名词，此处指这是“我的”丝巾，故用名词性物主代词 mine指代。故选 D。16 Is this your pen?Yes,its _.AmeBmyCmineDmyself【答案】C【详解】句意：这是你的笔吗？是的，它是我的笔。考查代词。me 我，人称代词宾格；my 我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的东西，名词性物主代词；myself 我自己，反身代词。根据题干和语境，可知这里指代“我的钢笔”，在句子中作表语，因此用名词性物主代词